B3.

B3. Developing rapid phosphorylation based switches

A key element for biosensors is a rapid response time. Currently most of the engineered response systems involve gene expression that is a rather slow process. Regulatory circuits based on phosphorylation cascades are being developed holding the promise of bringing the response times from minutes to seconds. These switches will be developed firs in yeast (Group 3) and then in other organisms involved (Groups 2, 4 and 5).