XRD can be used for … (There can be one or more correct answers)
… determining bond types in the samples
… measuring crystalline structure of the sample
… quantitative analysis and for that only 1 mg of sample is needed
… measuring diffraction angles and the intensities of diffraction peaks
Which materials can be identified with XRD? (There can be one or more correct answers)
Crystalline pigments in the paints
Amorphous pigments in the papers
Resins in the varnishes
Cellulose-based fibres in the textiles
Binders in the paints
Minerals in the clays
What are the disadvantages of WD-XRF? (There can be one or more correct answers)
Can’t detect lighter elements than aluminium
Can’t detect carbon in the sample
For the quantitative analysis, minimum of 1 g sample powder is needed
Impossible to analyse directly amorpheous materials
Which statements about the analysis of XRD patterns (diffractograms) are correct? (There can be one or more correct answers)
It is possible to determine which crystalline phases are in a mixture
It is possible to determine if amorphous material is present in the mixture
Analysis of XRD patterns is complicated and is typically done by a specialist
Interpretation of XRD diffractogram is easier compared to the interpretation of WD-XRF spectrum
For the interpretation, library of known crystalline structures is used
It is possible to identify all the inorganic and organic materials
Which of the following statements is true? (There can be one or more correct answers)
XRD can be used to identify crystalline materials
XRD can be used to identify amorphous materials
XRF can be used to determine the structure of crystalline materials
XRD can be used to determine elemental composition of the sample
XRF can be used to determine elemental composition of the sample
XRD and XRF can be used to identify liquid materials
Which of the following statements describe ED-XRF? (There can be one or more correct answers)
A cross-section of the paint sample can be analysed
Enables direct analysis from the object surface
No sample preparation needed
Computer-aided material identification
Cost-effective
Easy to use
Ground samples needed for quantitative analysis
Non-destructive
What are the main advantages of fused bead method over the pressed pellet method? (There can be one or more correct answers)
The particle size effects are eliminated
Mineralogy effects are eliminated
The method is relatively easy
Less material is needed for sample preparation
What are the advantages of WD-XRF? (There can be one or more correct answers)
Fast elemental analysis
Elemental mapping possibility
Large database of known crystalline structures
Possibility to perform accurate quantitative analysis
No sample preparation
Possibility to perform in-situ analyses
When comparing WD-XRF and ED-XRF, which statements are correct? (There can be one or more correct answers)
ED-XRF uses pulse-height discriminator to electronically classify the results; WD-XRF does not have an automatic classifier
In WD-XRF, all the emitted fluorescence radiation reaches the detector at once; in ED-XRF, the detector detects all the fluorescent X-rays element by element
WD-XRF uses pulse-height discriminator to electronically classify the results; ED-XRF does not have an automatic classifier
In ED-XRF, all the emitted fluorescence radiation reaches the detector at once; in WD-XRF, the detector detects all the fluorescent X-rays element by element
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