3. Resizing image

Image interpolation occurs when you resize or distort your image from one pixel grid to another. Image resizing is necessary when you need to increase or decrease the total number of pixels, whereas remapping can occur when you are correcting for lens distortion or rotating an image. Zooming refers to increase the quantity of pixels, so that when you zoom an image, you will see more detail.

Interpolation works by using known data to estimate values at unknown points. Image interpolation works in two directions, and tries to achieve a best approximation of a pixel’s intensity based on the values at surrounding pixels. Common interpolation algorithms can be grouped into two categories: adaptive and non-adaptive. Adaptive methods change depending on what they are interpolating, whereas non-adaptive methods treat all pixels equally. Non-adaptive algorithms include: nearest neighbor, bilinear, bicubic, spline, sinc, lanczos and others. Adaptive algorithms include many proprietary algorithms in licensed software such as: Qimage, PhotoZoom Pro and Genuine Fractals.

Many compact digital cameras can perform both an optical and a digital zoom. A camera performs an optical zoom by moving the zoom lens so that it increases the magnification of light. However, a digital zoom degrades quality by simply interpolating the image. Even though the photo with digital zoom contains the same number of pixels, the detail is clearly far less than with optical zoom. 

In this lecture zooming and shrinking will be introduced and for this purpose interpolation is introduced and discussed. Many various interpolation techniques will be briefly introduced and three of them namely, nearest neighbour, bilinear, and bicubic interpolations will be discussed in more details with visual examples. Also required MATLAB comments for generating the shown examples will be provided.

http://www.uttv.ee/naita?id=20083 

http://youtu.be/Czc5BupP9sA?list=UU-ETlxdihAaw8Pn6_Zz10lg

Study the attached papers for further information.