Introduction to the exercises

As the subject matter proposed for the classes is problematic and controversial, and the groups may include pupils with differing views, it is advisable to establish the following common ground rules before the activities begin:

1. I express opinion, I do not judge.
2. When someone speaks, I listen.
3. I do not take offence.
4. Discussion is not about convincing someone to another point of view, but about discussing different points of view.

When establishing the rules, give examples of how to talk about facts, not feelings (e.g. “it’s 10 degrees”, as for some people 10 degrees is cold, while for others it is warm and everyone is entitled to their opinion; “those shoes are dirty” sounds neutral, while “your shoes are disgustingly dirty” can be offensive, etc.).

Establishing the rules of the meeting (preferably in writing, either together on the board, or in the form of a contract, where everyone signs a copy of the agreement) will also help to stop the conversation when someone deviates from the rules and to remind of the common agreement. The discussion may be loud and emotional, but it must not destroy the bond or offend anyone.

Preliminary exercise:

Step 1:

Please watch the following video (duration 3:27):Elon Musk’s Neuralink monkey play video games with his brain, CNET Highlights, 9.04.2021.

This short video shows how Elon Musk used an animal to conduct tests as part of research carried out his by company The animal was rewarded with a banana shake.  

Step 2:

Explain to the students what the test consisted of, what procedures the macaque was subjected to and for what purpose such experiment was conducted. The Neuralink N1 is a device implanted in the brain of a monkey that allows the animal to operate a computer hands-free. Such solutions may be an opportunity for paralysed people.

Step 3:

Answer the questions:

1. Do you think the monkey suffered during the experiment?
2. Does a person have the right to decide about the suffering of others?
3. Is the banana shake reward adequate for participating in the procedure?
4. Does the hope of improving people’s lives gives the researchers the right to subject animals to experiments?
5. Can you see any element concerning bioethical issues in this video?
6. What other bioethical categories might be related to animals?

The purpose of this section is not to analyse the problem in depth, but only to give direction as to what topics will be covered during the class. Is also serves to indicate that the class will require reflection and critical thinking about difficult topics which cannot be ignored because they are part of everyday life in the 21st century. After this part, carry out the exercises.