{"id":2147,"date":"2023-05-26T13:46:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-26T10:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=2147"},"modified":"2025-06-30T09:35:29","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T06:35:29","slug":"vikerkaar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/vikerkaar\/","title":{"rendered":"vikerkaar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f5na <em><strong>vikerkaar <\/strong><\/em>on olemas juba Heinrich Stahli s\u00f5nastikus 17. sajandi keskel. L\u00f5unaeesti kirjakeeles tarvitati arhailisemat varianti <em><strong>vikakaar<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Et\u00fcmoloogiliselt on <em>vikerkaar <\/em>tuletatud s\u00f5nast <em>vikat <\/em>ja t\u00e4hendab seega vikati kaart (vt M\u00e4giste 1982\u20131983, Uibo 2011). Taevan\u00e4htuste nimetamine igap\u00e4evaste esemete j\u00e4rgi on olnud eesti keeles tavaline, vrd kas v\u00f5i Koot ja Reha, S\u00f5el, Suur ja V\u00e4ike Vanker. Variant <em>vika(h)tkaar<\/em> on \u00fcles m\u00e4rgitud eesti keeleala eri \u00e4\u00e4rtelt, mis osutab selle keelendi vanusele. (Uibo 2011) L\u00f5unaeesti vana kirjakeele <em>vikakaar <\/em>on juba h\u00e4\u00e4likuliselt kulunud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vanades s\u00f5nastikes on esitatud ka vikerkaarega seostuvat folkloorset ainest, nt G\u00f6sekenil (1660) \u00fctlus <em>vikerkaar joob<\/em> (eriti s\u00e4rava vikerkaare kohta, millele tavaliselt j\u00e4rgneb sadu) ning Thor Hellel (1732) m\u00f5istatus <em>\u00fcle ilma pihlakas<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2666<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Johannes Gutslaff on oma k\u00e4sikirjalises Vana Testamendi t\u00f5lkes (u 1648\u20131656) heebrea \u05e7\u05b6\u05e9\u05b6\u05c1\u05ea vastena (1Ms 9: 13, 14, 16) kasutanud hoopis s\u00f5na <em>kang<\/em>, mitte <em>vikerkaar<\/em>, nagu on uuemates t\u00f5lgetes alates 1739. a Piiblist (niisiis, Gutslaffi t\u00f5lkes on Jumala lepingu t\u00e4hiseks pilvedes <em>kang<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Heebrea \u05e7\u05b6\u05e9\u05b6\u05c1\u05ea t\u00e4hendab ka \u2019vibu\u2019 ning Gutslaffi valitud t\u00f5lkevaste <em>kang<\/em> viitab sellele, et seos s\u00f5jariistaga oli oluline, olgu siis jumaliku tugevuse s\u00fcmbolina v\u00f5i v\u00f5itluse l\u00f5pu s\u00fcmbolina (vt s\u00fcmboolika kohta nt Gr\u00e4tz 2011). Ka Lutheril (1534) on 1Ms 9 t\u00f5lkes just <em>Bogen <\/em>\u2019vibu; kaar\u2019, mitte <em>Regenbogen<\/em> \u2019vikerkaar\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eesti t\u00fcvi <em>kange <\/em>klapib h\u00e4sti t\u00f5lgendusega, et vikerkaar ehk vibu taevas s\u00fcmboliseerib jumalikku tugevust ja v\u00f5imsust. Omaduss\u00f5na <em>kang<\/em><em>(e)<\/em> saksa vasted Gutslaffi s\u00f5nastikus on <em>stark <\/em>\u2019tugev, v\u00f5imas\u2019 ja <em>strenge <\/em>\u2019range, karm\u2019). Ka t\u00e4hendused \u2019vibu\u2019 ja \u2019kang\u2019 v\u00f5ivad olla seotud, nt soome <em>vipu <\/em>t\u00e4hendab \u2019kang\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uue Testamendi kirjakohtades kasutab Gutslaff s\u00f5na <em>vikakaar<\/em> (ja Luther <em>Regenbogen<\/em>). Vihjeid sellele, et <em>kang <\/em>v\u00f5inuks eesti keeles \u00fcldiselt t\u00e4histada vikerkaart, ei ole (vt nt Saareste 1958-1963, 1958).<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f037a7d4ee2-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f037a7d4ee2-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f037a7d4ee2-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f037a7d4ee2-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f037a7d4ee2-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>vikerkaar<\/h5>\n<p><small> Omma <strong>wikkerkare <\/strong>ollen ma pilwesse pannud, ja se peab se\u00e4dusse t\u00e4hheks ollema minno ja Ma wahhel. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=9&amp;kood=1739-Piibel_VT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=9&amp;kood=1739-Piibel_VT\">Piibel 1739<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018ma panen pilvedesse oma <strong>vikerkaare <\/strong>ja see on lepingu t\u00e4hiseks minu ja maa vahel\u2019 (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/piibel.net\/1ms-9.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/piibel.net\/1ms-9.html\">1Ms 9: 13<\/a>) <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>vikakaar<\/h5>\n<p><small> Nink se \/ k\u00e4 iste \/ olli N\u00e4ust Jaspisse nink Sardi Kiwwi sahrnane: Nink <strong>Wikkakaar <\/strong>olli J\u00e4rje \u00fcmbrel \/ N\u00e4ust Maragdi Kiwwi sahrnane. (EPAK: <a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/index.php?tekst=tutv_wast\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/index.php?tekst=tutv_wast\">Wastne Testament 1686<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018See istuja oli sarnane jaspise- ja karneoolikiviga, ja trooni \u00fcmber oli <strong>vikerkaar<\/strong>, mis sarnanes smaragdiga.\u2019 (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/piibel.net\/ilm-4.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/piibel.net\/ilm-4.html\">Ilm 4: 3<\/a>) <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f037a7d4eed-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f037a7d4eed-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f037a7d4eed-collapse\">Esmaesinemus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f037a7d4eed-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f037a7d4eed-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>1637 (s\u00f5nastikus)<\/h5>\n<p><small> Regenboge \/ <strong>Wickerkahr \/ est<\/strong>. (Stahl 1637) <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f037a7d4ef6-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f037a7d4ef6-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f037a7d4ef6-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f037a7d4ef6-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f037a7d4ef6-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> Regenboge \/ <strong>Wickerkahr \/ est<\/strong>. <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> Regenboge <strong>Wickakar \/ e<\/strong> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> Regenbogen \/ <strong>wickarkaar <\/strong><br>\nwann der Regenbogen die Stralen an sich ziehet \/ <em>dicunt<\/em>, <strong>temma johb <\/strong>denn es folget gemeiniglich Regen. <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Vestring 1710\u20131730<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>Wikkerkaar <\/strong>G <strong>re<\/strong> Der Regenbogen<br>\n<strong>Uddo wikkerkaar<\/strong>. Ein dunckler regenbogen <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Clare 1730<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>wikkakaar, ri<\/strong>, Regenbogen. <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Svenske 18. saj I pool<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>Wikkakaar, i<\/strong>. Regenbogen <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>wikker-kaar, e<\/strong> Regenbogen. r.<sup>[Tallinna k]<\/sup><br>\n<strong>uddo wikker-kaar<\/strong> dunkler Regenbogen. <\/small> <small> <strong>wikka-kaar, i<\/strong>, Regenbogen. d.<sup>[Tartu k]<\/sup> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>wiker<\/strong>, <em>in<\/em> <strong>wiker-k\u0101\u0155<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>k\u0101re<\/strong> (wikar-k., wikas-k.) <em>Regenbogen<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>wiker- k\u0101\u0155 j\u014db<\/strong> <em>der Regenbogen trinkt, zieht Wasser (wenn er besonders lebhafte Farben hat)<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>udo-wiker-k\u0101\u0155<\/strong> <em>tr\u00fcber, dunkler Regenbogen<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>wiker-wihm<\/strong> (ehstn. Volksl. von Neus, XXXII, 1) <em>ein Regen, bei welchem sich ein Regenbogen zeigt <\/em>(?). <\/small> <small> <strong>wikerdi <\/strong><em>bunt durch einander<\/em> (?),<br>\n<strong>t\u016ble-ema k\u0113rab he\u035cinad wikerdi ri\u1e45gi<\/strong> <em>der Wirbelwind dreht das Heu bunt durch einander<\/em>. <\/small> <small> <strong>wikerlane<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>wikerlaze<\/strong> (O)<sup>[Saaremaa]<\/sup> = wikati. <\/small> <small> <strong>wikerlane<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>wikerlaze<\/strong> <em>bunt<\/em>. <\/small> <small> <strong>wika-k\u0101\u0155<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>k\u0101re, k\u0101ri<\/strong> (d)<sup>[Tartu k]<\/sup> = wiker-k\u0101\u0155. <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f037a7d4efb-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f037a7d4efb-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f037a7d4efb-collapse\">Sagedus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f037a7d4efb-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f037a7d4efb-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small>10 000 tekstis\u00f5na kohta<\/small><\/p>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,04<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 0,06 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f037a7d4f02-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f037a7d4f02-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f037a7d4f02-collapse\">Tekstiviited <\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f037a7d4f02-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f037a7d4f02-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/index.php?showtype=simple&amp;showversion=4&amp;done=1&amp;tegevus=showdictionary&amp;search=vikakaar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/index.php?showtype=simple&amp;showversion=4&amp;done=1&amp;tegevus=showdictionary&amp;search=vikakaar\">Wastne Testament (1686)<\/a> <em>eL<\/em> (EPAK)<br>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=viker-&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Gutsleff*&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=viker-&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Gutsleff*&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">Uus Testament (1715)<\/a><br>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=viker-&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Helle*&amp;taasta=1739&amp;tpealkiri=%20&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=viker-&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Helle*&amp;taasta=1739&amp;tpealkiri= &amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">Piibel (1739)<\/a><br>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=viker-&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Willmann*&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=viker-&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Willmann*&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">Willmann (1782)<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kirjandus<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><small>\u2022 Gr\u00e4tz, Sebastian 2011. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bibelwissenschaft.de\/stichwort\/34828\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wetterph\u00e4nomene, theol. Bedeutung<\/a>. Das wissenschaftliche Bibellexikon im Internet (WiBiLex).<br>\u2022 M\u00e4giste, Julius 1982\u20131983. Estnisches Etymologisches W\u00f6rterbuch. Helsinki: Finnisch-Ugrische Gesellschaft.<br>\u2022 Saareste, Andrus 1958-1963, 1958. Eesti keele m\u00f5isteline s\u00f5naraamat. Dictionnaire analogique de la langue estonienne: avec un index pourvu des traductions en francais. Stockholm : Vaba Eesti.<br>\u2022 Uibo, Udo 2011. Et\u00fcmoloogilisi m\u00e4rkmeid (XI). Suvejuttu er-liits\u00f5nadest. \u2013 Keel ja<br>Kirjandus 7, 536\u2013542.<\/small><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f5na vikerkaar on olemas juba Heinrich Stahli s\u00f5nastikus 17. sajandi keskel. L\u00f5unaeesti kirjakeeles tarvitati arhailisemat varianti vikakaar. Et\u00fcmoloogiliselt on vikerkaar tuletatud s\u00f5nast vikat ja t\u00e4hendab seega vikati kaart (vt M\u00e4giste 1982\u20131983, Uibo 2011). Taevan\u00e4htuste nimetamine igap\u00e4evaste esemete j\u00e4rgi on olnud &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":2839,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,48,37,40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2147","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lounaeesti-keel","category-piiblitolge","category-pohjaeesti-keel","category-tahendusmuutus"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2147"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2857,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2147\/revisions\/2857"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2839"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}