{"id":2131,"date":"2020-09-08T13:40:00","date_gmt":"2020-09-08T10:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=2131"},"modified":"2024-04-15T16:45:45","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T13:45:45","slug":"valtama-valde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/valtama-valde\/","title":{"rendered":"v\u00e4ltama, v\u00e4lde"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00e4nap\u00e4evases keeles t\u00e4hendab <strong><em>v\u00e4ltama<\/em><\/strong> <strong>\u2018kestma, toimumas olema\u2019<\/strong>. See t\u00e4hendus on olemas ka vanades tekstides, nt <em>kui kaua v\u00e4ltab haudumise aeg<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vanas kirjakeeles tuleb esile ka t\u00e4hendus <strong>\u2018toime tulema, hakkama saama\u2019<\/strong>, nt <em>k\u00fcll v\u00e4ltan omast k\u00e4est<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>V\u00e4ltama<\/em> esmaesinemus kirjalikes tekstides on 19. sajandi algul. S\u00f5na puudub ka varasematest s\u00f5nastikest. Vanemates tekstides on olemas \u2197<em>kestma<\/em>, aga t\u00e4henduse \u2019toime tulema\u2019 jaoks kasutati \u00fchendverbe (nt <em>v\u00e4lja tulema, l\u00e4bi saama<\/em>).<br>Arvatakse, et <em>v\u00e4ltama<\/em> on tuletis s\u00f5nast <em>v\u00e4li<\/em> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/index.cgi?Q=v%C3%A4ltama&amp;F=M&amp;C06=et\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ETY<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keeleteaduse termin<\/strong> <em><strong>v\u00e4lde<\/strong><\/em> tuli j\u00e4\u00e4davalt kasutusele 19. sajandi algul. Esialgu oli paralleelselt kasutusel ka <strong><em>v\u00e4ltus<\/em><\/strong>. Tollases \u00fcldkeeles oli <em>v\u00e4ltus<\/em> \u2018kestus\u2019 nimis\u00f5nana kasutusel, aga <em>v\u00e4lde<\/em> esines peamiselt kaass\u00f5nalisena, nt <em>aastak\u00fcmne v\u00e4ltel<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Termini <em>v\u00e4lde<\/em> esmakasutus tr\u00fckistes kuulub t\u00f5en\u00e4oliselt Ado Grenzsteinile, kes kirjutas 1876. aastal Postimehes Piirikivi nime all kirjaviisi parandamisest, kaaludes erinevaid v\u00f5imalusi II ja III v\u00e4lte eristamiseks kirjas. \u00dcks tema ettepanekuist oli, et t\u00e4histada II v\u00e4lde sirge kriipsuga (-) ja III v\u00e4lde lainelise kriipsuga (~) t\u00e4he peal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"411\" height=\"469\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/eestipostimees18761229.2.jpg\" alt=\"V\u00e4ljav\u00f5te Ado Grenzsteini artiklist, Eesti Postimees ehk N\u00e4ddalaleht, 29. det 1876\" class=\"wp-image-453 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/eestipostimees18761229.2.jpg 411w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/eestipostimees18761229.2-263x300.jpg 263w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 411px) 100vw, 411px\"><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">V\u00e4ljav\u00f5te Ado Grenzsteini artiklist (Eesti Postimees ehk N\u00e4ddalaleht, 29. dets 1876)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Esimene grammatika, milles termin <em>v\u00e4lde<\/em> esineb, on Hans Eineri 1885. aastal ilmunud \u201cL\u00fchikene eesti keele \u00f5petus rahvakoolidele\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"549\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/einer-8.jpg\" alt=\"V\u00e4ljav\u00f5te Hans Eineri keele\u00f5petusest (1885)\" class=\"wp-image-454 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/einer-8.jpg 425w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/einer-8-232x300.jpg 232w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\"><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">V\u00e4ljav\u00f5te Hans Eineri keele\u00f5petusest (1885)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Enne termini <em>v\u00e4lde<\/em> juurdumist tarvitati pikemaid seletusi, nt Mihkel Veske h\u00e4\u00e4liku\u00f5petuses (1879) <em>healte pitkuse ja k\u00f5vaduse j\u00e4rgud<\/em>, Karl August Hermanni grammatikas (1884) <em>h\u00e4\u00e4likute pikkuse j\u00e4rgud<\/em> (<em>l\u00fchike, pikk ja \u00fclipikk<\/em>), Jaan J\u00f5geveri keele\u00f5petuses (1907) <em>1., 2. ja 3. pikkusej\u00e4rgu h\u00e4\u00e4led<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de68c687b13-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de68c687b13-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de68c687b13-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de68c687b13-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de68c687b13-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>v\u00e4ltama \u2018toime tulema\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> Ei ma k\u00fcssi ei w\u00e4hhemadki abbi m\u00f5isa k\u00e4est, k\u00fcl <strong>w\u00e4ltan<\/strong> ommast k\u00e4est. (Masing 1821)<br>\n\u2018Ei k\u00fcsi ma v\u00e4himatki abi m\u00f5isalt, k\u00fcll tulen omal k\u00e4el toime.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>v\u00e4ltama \u2018kestma\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> Kui kaua <strong>w\u00e4ltab<\/strong> nende audumise aeg? (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=185&amp;kood=1850-Kreutzwald-Piltid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=185&amp;kood=1850-Kreutzwald-Piltid\">Kreutzwald 1850<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Kui kaua kestab nende haudumise aeg?\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>v\u00e4ltus \u2018kestus\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> Tema ameti aja <strong>w\u00e4ltus<\/strong> saab linna wolinikude-kogu otsuse l\u00e4bi l\u00fchendatud ehk pitkendatud. (Eesti Postimees ehk N\u00e4ddalaleht, 29. m\u00e4rts 1878) <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>v\u00e4ltusel \u2018v\u00e4ltel, kestel\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> Iga\u00fchele seltskonnas pidi \u00f5htu <strong>w\u00e4ltusel<\/strong> silma puutuma, et noor ja ilus baron Lammerheim preili Laura k\u00f5ige waimustatum imestaja oli. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=51&amp;kood=1886-Vilde\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=51&amp;kood=1886-Vilde\">Vilde 1886<\/a>) <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>v\u00e4ltel<\/h5>\n<p><small> Et aga asjatundjad waheajal pea sugugi j\u00e4relekatsumist ei ole teinud, siis ei w\u00f5i seda mitte kindlaks tunnistada, et Peipsi iga aastak\u00fcmne <strong>w\u00e4ltel<\/strong> oma turja \u00fcks terwe jalg t\u00f5stnud on. (Sakala, 20. nov 1896) <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de68c687b1b-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de68c687b1b-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de68c687b1b-collapse\">Esmaesinemused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de68c687b1b-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de68c687b1b-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>v\u00e4ltama \u2013 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> Olleme n\u00fc\u00fcd musta rahwast pallawal Ahwrika maal n\u00e4hnud, ja temma ello asset tundma sanud: l\u00e4kki siis n\u00fc\u00fcd watama, mis se\u00e4l mail, kus pakkased k\u00fclmad, ja kuida innimenne seal <strong>w\u00e4ltab<\/strong>. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=13&amp;kood=1818-Masing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=13&amp;kood=1818-Masing\">Masing 1818<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Oleme n\u00fc\u00fcd musta rahvast palaval Aafrika-maal n\u00e4inud ja tema elupaigaga tuttavaks saanud, l\u00e4ki siis n\u00fc\u00fcd vaatama maid, kus on k\u00fclmad pakased, ja kuidas inimesed seal elavad.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de68c687b20-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de68c687b20-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de68c687b20-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de68c687b20-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de68c687b20-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>w\u00e4lde<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <em>w\u00e4lte<\/em> <em>Dauer<\/em>. <\/small> <small> <strong>w\u00e4ltama<\/strong>, \u2013<strong>tan<\/strong>, \u2013<strong>data<\/strong> (tada) <span style=\"background-color: #d3d3d3;\">1)<\/span> <em>sich behelfen, auskommen, ausreichen, zurecht kommen<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>ku\u035cida w\u00e4ltate<\/strong> <em>wie geht es euch<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>juba n\u01d6d j\u00e4lle w\u00e4ltan<\/strong> <em>nun geht es schon wieder mit mir (von Genesenden)<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>ku\u035ci ep ole wakka, s\u012bs peab pihuga w\u00e4ltama<\/strong> <em>(sprichw.)<\/em><sup>[vanas\u00f5na]<\/sup> <em>wenn man kein Lof hat, so muss man sich mit einer Handvoll behelfen<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>kell salwed t\u00e4\u035ci\u017a, m\u022ddab, te\u035cine w\u00e4ltab k\u0101<\/strong> <em>(sprichw.) wer die Kornkasten voll hat, der misst, ein Anderer kommt auch aus<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>k\u00fcll sellega w\u00e4ltan<\/strong> <em>damit reiche ich wohl schon aus<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>w\u00e4ltaw m\u0113s<\/strong> <em>ein Mann, welcher auskommen kann ohne zu borgen<\/em>, <strong>w\u00e4lta, w\u00e4lta!<\/strong> <em>thu dein M\u00f6glichstes, suche fertig zu werden (mit Schonung antreibend)<\/em>; <span style=\"background-color: #d3d3d3;\">2)<\/span> <em>dauern, fortbestehen, w\u00e4hren, edasi w\u00e4ltawalt fortw\u00e4hrend<\/em>. <\/small> <small> <strong>w\u00e4ltanema<\/strong>, <strong>-nen<\/strong>, <strong>-neda<\/strong> <em>(pt)<\/em><sup>[poeetiline]<\/sup> = w\u00e4ltama 1. <\/small> <small> <strong>w\u00e4ltawlik<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>w\u00e4ltawliku<\/strong> <em>ausdauernd<\/em>. <\/small> <small> <strong>w\u00e4ltus<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>w\u00e4ltuze<\/strong> <em>Dauer<\/em>. <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kirjandus<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><small>\u2022 Einer, Hans 1885. L\u00fchikene eesti keele \u00f5petus rahvakoolidele. Tartu.<br>\u2022 ETY = Metsm\u00e4gi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik 2012. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eesti et\u00fcmoloogias\u00f5naraamat<\/a>. Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus.<br>\u2022 Hermann, Karl August 1884. Eesti keele Grammatik. Tartu.<br>\u2022 J\u00f5gever, Jaan 1907. L\u00fchikene Eesti keele \u00f5petus koolidele. Tartu.<br>\u2022 Veske, Mihkel 1879. Eesti keele healte \u00f5petus ja kirjutuse viis. Tartu.<\/small><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00e4nap\u00e4evases keeles t\u00e4hendab v\u00e4ltama \u2018kestma, toimumas olema\u2019. See t\u00e4hendus on olemas ka vanades tekstides, nt kui kaua v\u00e4ltab haudumise aeg. Vanas kirjakeeles tuleb esile ka t\u00e4hendus \u2018toime tulema, hakkama saama\u2019, nt k\u00fcll v\u00e4ltan omast k\u00e4est. V\u00e4ltama esmaesinemus kirjalikes tekstides on &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":454,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maaratlemata"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2131","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2131"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2131\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2683,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2131\/revisions\/2683"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/454"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2131"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2131"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}