{"id":2103,"date":"2021-07-09T12:06:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-09T09:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=2103"},"modified":"2024-04-14T15:07:59","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T12:07:59","slug":"tumm-tummig-tummine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/tumm-tummig-tummine\/","title":{"rendered":"tumm, tummig, tummine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>Tumm<\/em> \u2018paks, tummine\u2019<\/strong> on tavaline <strong>omaduss\u00f5na<\/strong> esimeses eestikeelses <a href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=info&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">kokaraamatus<\/a>, mis ilmus 1781. aastal Johann Lithanderi t\u00f5lkes. Samas t\u00e4henduses esineb paaril korral ka <em><strong>tummig<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sarnane s\u00f5na on olemas baltisaksa keeles (kujul <em>Tumm<\/em>, <em>Tumme<\/em>, omaduss\u00f5nana <em>tummig<\/em>) ja l\u00e4ti keeles (<em>tume<\/em>, omaduss\u00f5nana <em>tum\u012bgs<\/em>\/<em>-\u012bga<\/em>), aga kuidas t\u00e4pselt need omavahel seotud on, pole selge. V\u00f5imalik, et nii baltisaksa kui ka eesti keelde on s\u00f5na laenatud l\u00e4ti keelest (vt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/index.cgi?Q=tumm&amp;F=M&amp;C06=et\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ETY<\/a>). Lithanderi kokaraamatus on <em>tumm<\/em> nimetavas k\u00e4\u00e4ndes vokaaliga l\u00f5ppev <em>tummi<\/em>, mis v\u00f5iks viidata s\u00f5na suhtelisele noorusele \u2013 vanemas s\u00f5navaras on l\u00f5puvokaal kadunud, kui s\u00f5na esisilp oli pikk (nt alamsaksa <em>koke<\/em> &gt; eesti <em>kook<\/em>, saksa <em>Suppe<\/em> &gt; eesti <em>supp<\/em> jpt). L\u00e4ti <em>tum\u012bgs<\/em> laenu allikana seletaks nii eesti pikka <em>m<\/em>-i kui ka <em>i<\/em> p\u00fcsimist ja s\u00f5na varasemat kasutust ainult omaduss\u00f5nana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Baltisaksa s\u00f5navara kirjeldavates allikates tulevad v\u00e4lja kolm nimis\u00f5na <em>Tumm<\/em> t\u00e4hendust, nt Suolahti (1910) esitab j\u00e4rgmised: 1) tangudest keedetud limane leem; 2) paks puljong; 3) koostisosa, mis muudab puljongi paksuks, nt muna, jahu, leib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eestikeelsetesse tekstidesse ilmub <strong>nimis\u00f5naline<\/strong> <strong><em>tumm<\/em><\/strong> alles 19. sajandi viimasel veerandil, v\u00f5ib-olla baltisaksa m\u00f5jul ja juba varem keeles levinud omaduss\u00f5nalise <em>tummi<\/em> toel. N\u00e4iteks A.W. Hupel 18. sajandi II poolel kasutab hoopis pikemat fraasi <em>vedel kaera tanguleem<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Tummine<\/em><\/strong> on 19. sajandi l\u00f5pus kasutusele v\u00f5etud tuletis, mis tuli keelde alles siis, kui <em>tumm<\/em> oli muutunud peamiselt nimis\u00f5naks.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e21457e0686-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e21457e0686-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e21457e0686-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e21457e0686-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e21457e0686-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>tumm \u2018paks, tummine\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> Panne t\u00e4hhele: se Soost ei pea mitte w\u00e4gga pitk egga liast <strong>tummi<\/strong> ollema. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=409&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=409&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Pane t\u00e4hele: soust ei tohi v\u00e4ga veniv ega liiga paks olla.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>tummig \u2018paks, tummine\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> Wotta siis 4 munna, \u00fcks korter r\u00f6\u00f6ska pima ning jahho, wispelda sedda h\u00e4sti, et ta j\u00e4\u00e4b kui \u00fcks kaunis <strong>tummig<\/strong> Witmoos, panne ka nattoke sola sisse. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=124&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=124&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018V\u00f5ta siis 4 muna, \u00fcks kortel r\u00f5\u00f5ska piima ning jahu, vispelda seda korralikult, nii et ta j\u00e4\u00e4b nagu paks puder, lisa ka natuke soola.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>tumm \u2018paks leem\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> Kui k\u00f6ht on lahti l\u00e4inud, siis antku haigele tangusupi wedeliku w\u00f6i <strong>tummi<\/strong> s\u00fc\u00fca (Perno Postimees, 12. oktoober 1879) <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>tummine<\/h5>\n<p><small> Inglased walmistawad selle [= hernesupi] nii paksu ja <strong>tummise<\/strong>, et ta ennem pudru on. (Wirmalise lisa, 24. veebruar 1893) <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e21457e068e-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e21457e068e-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e21457e068e-collapse\">Esmaesinemus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e21457e068e-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e21457e068e-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>1781<\/h5>\n<p><small> Kui se keik saab keenud, nenda et supp <strong>tummiks<\/strong> l\u00e4hh\u00e4b, siis kurna sedda Turslagi l\u00e4bbi \u00fchhe krusi sisse; se\u00e4l sees j\u00e4\u00e4b se nattoke seisma, kunni keik paks wajub pohja. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=1&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=1&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Kui see k\u00f5ik on keenud, n\u00f5nda et supp <b>tummiseks<\/b> l\u00e4heb, siis kurna seda l\u00e4bi s\u00f5ela \u00fche kruusi sisse ja j\u00e4ta sinna natukeseks seisma, kuni k\u00f5ik paks vajub p\u00f5hja.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e21457e0691-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e21457e0691-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e21457e0691-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e21457e0691-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e21457e0691-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Vestring 1710\u20131730<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>tum, mi<\/strong>, Tumme auf Speisen. \u2020.<sup>[saksa laen]<\/sup> r.<sup>[Tallinna k]<\/sup> d.<sup>[Tartu k]<\/sup> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>tumm<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>tummi<\/strong> <em>\u201cTumme\u201d, Schleim von Hafer oder Gerste<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>w\u00f5\u035ci-t.<\/strong> <em>\u201ctummige\u201d, mit Mehl und Wasser durchger\u00fchrte Butter<\/em>. <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e21457e0694-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e21457e0694-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e21457e0694-collapse\">Sagedus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e21457e0694-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e21457e0694-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small>10 000 tekstis\u00f5na kohta<\/small><\/p>\n<h5>tumm<\/h5>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 2,08 <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>tummig<\/h5>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 0,02 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e21457e0699-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e21457e0699-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e21457e0699-collapse\">Vormistik<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e21457e0699-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e21457e0699-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>tumm<\/h5>\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=tumm&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=-i&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*nom.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=tumm&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=-i&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*nom.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">a.nim.<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>tummi<br>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=tumm&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=-i&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*gen.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=tumm&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=-i&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*gen.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">a.om.<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>tummi<br>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=tumm&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=-i&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*tr.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=tumm&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=-i&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*tr.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">a.saav.<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>tummiks<\/small><\/p>\n<h5>tummig<\/h5>\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=tummig&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*nom.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=tummig&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*nom.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">a.nim.<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>tummig<\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kirjandus<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><small>\u2022 ETY = Metsm\u00e4gi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik 2012. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eesti et\u00fcmoloogias\u00f5naraamat<\/a>. Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus.<br>\u2022 Suolahti, H., 1910. Die estnischen Worte im Deutschen der baltischen Ostseeprovinzen. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen, 12(5\/6), 99\u2013129.<\/small><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tumm \u2018paks, tummine\u2019 on tavaline omaduss\u00f5na esimeses eestikeelses kokaraamatus, mis ilmus 1781. aastal Johann Lithanderi t\u00f5lkes. Samas t\u00e4henduses esineb paaril korral ka tummig. Sarnane s\u00f5na on olemas baltisaksa keeles (kujul Tumm, Tumme, omaduss\u00f5nana tummig) ja l\u00e4ti keeles (tume, omaduss\u00f5nana tum\u012bgs\/-\u012bga), &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50,114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-baltisaksa-laen","category-lati-laen"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2103"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2103\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2104,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2103\/revisions\/2104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}