{"id":2091,"date":"2021-06-20T12:01:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-20T09:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=2091"},"modified":"2024-04-14T15:01:33","modified_gmt":"2024-04-14T12:01:33","slug":"traat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/traat\/","title":{"rendered":"traat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>Traat<\/strong><\/em> on alamsaksa v\u00f5i saksa laen, mida on eestikeelsetes tekstides kasutatud alates 17. sajandi l\u00f5pust (alamsaksa <em>dr\u0101t<\/em> \u2018traat, n\u00f6\u00f6r, niit\u2019, saksa <em>Draht<\/em> \u2018traat\u2019, vt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/index.cgi?Q=traat&amp;F=M&amp;C06=et\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ETY<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2666<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Traat<\/em> on j\u00f5udnud ka rahvap\u00e4rasesse linnunimetusse <em><strong>p\u00e4hklatraat<\/strong><\/em> &gt; <em>p\u00e4hkliraat<\/em>, <em>p\u00e4hklitraavel<\/em> jm \u2018p\u00e4hklim\u00e4nsak\u2019 (mainitud Vestringil 18. saj I poolel, samuti Hupeli s\u00f5nastikus 1780\/1818) ning \u00fchesse esimestest telefoni nimetustest \u2013 <strong><em>kuulamise-traat<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea0e-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d96a60cea0e-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d96a60cea0e-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea0e-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d96a60cea0e-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"> <small> Sawad need k\u00fcl k\u00fcpstud, siis tomma need <strong>tratid<\/strong> holega seest w\u00e4lja, et need kokid katki ei l\u00e4hh\u00e4. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=557&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=557&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Kui [koogid] on parajalt k\u00fcpsed, siis t\u00f5mba traadid ettevaatlikult seest v\u00e4lja, nii et koogid katki ei l\u00e4he.\u2019 <\/small> <small> [Telegraafi kirjeldus] Laua liggidal tullewad p\u00f6rmandust kolm <strong>trati<\/strong> ehk waskl\u00f6nga w\u00e4lja, essimenne tulleb Peterburrist, teine Riast, kolmas Berlinist. Needsammad <strong>tradid<\/strong> puutwad wassara (haamre) k\u00fclge, mis issemodu tehtud, ja ka no\u00f6laks nimmetakse, sest et temma alt poolt nago wassar n\u00e4hha, ja pe\u00e4lt j\u00e4lle nago no\u00f6l. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/dea.digar.ee\/page\/tallorahwapostimees\/1858\/03\/14\/1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/dea.digar.ee\/page\/tallorahwapostimees\/1858\/03\/14\/1\">Tallorahwa postimees, 14. m\u00e4rts 1858<\/a>) <\/small>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea16-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d96a60cea16-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d96a60cea16-collapse\">S\u00f5na\u00fchendid<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea16-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d96a60cea16-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>traats\u00f5el<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2026 k\u00e4ttega <strong>traat s\u00f5ela<\/strong> l\u00e4bbi \u00f5eruwad, ja raud ahjus kuiwatawad \u2026 (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=82&amp;kood=1818-Masing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=82&amp;kood=1818-Masing\">Masing 1818<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018h\u00f5\u00f5ruvad k\u00e4sitsi l\u00e4bi traats\u00f5ela ja kuivatavad raudahjus\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>raudtraat<\/h5>\n<p><small> Kui need <strong>raudtradit<\/strong> t\u00e4is on poetud, siis kasta neid taigna sisse \u2026. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=557&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=557&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Kui need raudtraadid on [p\u00e4hkleid ja mandleid] t\u00e4is poetatud, siis kasta need taigna sisse \u2026\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>vasktraat<\/h5>\n<p><small> Monned tewad silman\u00e4o ette pannemisse kohha penikessest <strong>wask tradist<\/strong> otsego tihhi s\u00f6\u00e4la pohja, kust linnud l\u00e4bbi ei sa, ja innimenne ommeti l\u00e4bbi woib n\u00e4hha. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=68&amp;kood=1849-Freundlich\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=68&amp;kood=1849-Freundlich\">Freundlich 1849<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018M\u00f5ned teevad n\u00e4okatte vasktraadist, justkui tiheda s\u00f5elap\u00f5hja, kust linnud [\u2018mesilased\u2019] l\u00e4bi ei saa, aga inimene ometi v\u00f5ib l\u00e4bi n\u00e4ha.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea1b-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d96a60cea1b-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d96a60cea1b-collapse\">Esmaesinemus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea1b-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d96a60cea1b-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>1687\u20131690 (k\u00e4sikirjas)<\/h5>\n<p><small> Nink teggi sedda Kulda <strong>Tradiks<\/strong>, et sedda wois kuddoda, se Koldse Sidi, Purpuri, Rosikarwalisse nink Walge-Sidi Langaga, Kunstlikkuld. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/index.php?tekst=tutv_virg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/index.php?tekst=tutv_virg\">Virginiused 1687\u20131690<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Kuldplaadid taoti \u00f5hukeseks ja l\u00f5igati kiududeks, et neid kunstip\u00e4raselt kududa sinise, purpurpunase ja helepunase l\u00f5nga ning linase l\u00f5ime sekka.\u2019 (<a title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/piibel.net\/#q=2ms%2039\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"http:\/\/piibel.net\/#q=2ms%2039\">2Ms 39: 3<\/a>) <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>1739 (tr\u00fckises)<\/h5>\n<p><small> Ja nemmad taggusid need kuld-platid \u00f6hhukesseks ja leikasid neid <strong>tradiks<\/strong>, ja nemmad pannid sedda walwaka-sinnise ja purpuri-punnase l\u00f6nga sekka ja elleda-punnase ja kalli linnase l\u00f6nga sekka, targaste senna sisse koutud. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=102&amp;kood=1739-Piibel_VT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=102&amp;kood=1739-Piibel_VT\">Piibel 1739<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Kuldplaadid taoti \u00f5hukeseks ja l\u00f5igati kiududeks, et neid kunstip\u00e4raselt kududa sinise, purpurpunase ja helepunase l\u00f5nga ning linase l\u00f5ime sekka.\u2019 (<a title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/piibel.net\/#q=2ms%2039\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"http:\/\/piibel.net\/#q=2ms%2039\">2Ms 39: 3<\/a>) <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea1f-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d96a60cea1f-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d96a60cea1f-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea1f-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d96a60cea1f-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> Dratt \/ [Pickdrat] <strong>Traati<\/strong>. <\/small> <small> schusterdrat \/ (<em>filum picatum<\/em>) picki l\u00f6ng \/ <strong>Traat<\/strong>. <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Vestring 1710\u20131730<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>Traat<\/strong> \u2013<br>\n<strong>Tradit<\/strong> Gardienen Stangen <em>Reval<\/em>.<sup>[Tallinna k]<\/sup> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>tradid<\/strong> Gardienen Stange. <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>traat, i<\/strong>, Drath, Pech- od. Eisendrath. +.<sup>[saksa laen]<\/sup> r.<sup>[Tallinna k]<\/sup> d.<sup>[Tartu k]<\/sup> <\/small> <small> <strong>tradid<\/strong> Gardinenstangen. +.<sup>[saksa laen]<\/sup> H.<sup>[Harjumaa]<\/sup> <\/small> <small> <strong>p\u00e4hkla<\/strong> [\u2026]<br>\n<strong>\u201etraat<\/strong> Nu\u00dfpicker (Vogel) H.<sup>[Harjumaa]<\/sup> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>tr\u0101t\u0301, tr\u0101di<\/strong> (r\u0101t\u0301, r\u0101d\u0301) Draht,<br>\n<strong>tr\u0101did<\/strong> Gardinenstangen,<br>\n<strong>ki\u0155ja-tr\u0101t\u0301, w\u00e4lgu-t.<\/strong> Telegraphendraht,<br>\n<strong>pigi-t.<\/strong> Pechdraht,<br>\n<strong>r\u012ba-t.<\/strong> = tr\u012bak,<br>\n<strong>tr\u0101di-herra<\/strong> Telegraphenbeamter,<br>\n<strong>t.-s\u00f5num<\/strong> Telegramm,<br>\n<strong>k\u016blamize-Tr\u0101t\u0301<\/strong> Telephon. <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea22-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d96a60cea22-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d96a60cea22-collapse\">Sagedus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea22-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d96a60cea22-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small>10 000 tekstis\u00f5na kohta<\/small><\/p>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 0,03 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea25-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d96a60cea25-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d96a60cea25-collapse\">Vormistik<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea25-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d96a60cea25-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=traat&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*tr.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=traat&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*tr.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">a.saav<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>tradiks<\/small><br>\n<small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=traat&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=pl.*nom.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=traat&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=pl.*nom.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">m.nim<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>tratid, tradit<\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea29-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d96a60cea29-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d96a60cea29-collapse\">Tekstiviited <\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d96a60cea29-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d96a60cea29-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=traat&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Helle*&amp;taasta=1739&amp;tpealkiri=%20&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=traat&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Helle*&amp;taasta=1739&amp;tpealkiri= &amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">Thor Helle (Piibel 1739)<\/a><br>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=traat&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Lithander*&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=traat&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Lithander*&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">Lithander (1781)<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kirjandus<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><small>\u2022 ETY = Metsm\u00e4gi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik 2012. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eesti et\u00fcmoloogias\u00f5naraamat<\/a>. Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus.<\/small><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Traat on alamsaksa v\u00f5i saksa laen, mida on eestikeelsetes tekstides kasutatud alates 17. sajandi l\u00f5pust (alamsaksa dr\u0101t \u2018traat, n\u00f6\u00f6r, niit\u2019, saksa Draht \u2018traat\u2019, vt ETY). \u2666 Traat on j\u00f5udnud ka rahvap\u00e4rasesse linnunimetusse p\u00e4hklatraat &gt; p\u00e4hkliraat, p\u00e4hklitraavel jm \u2018p\u00e4hklim\u00e4nsak\u2019 (mainitud Vestringil &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2091","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alamsaksa-laen","category-saksa-laen"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2091","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2091"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2091\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2092,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2091\/revisions\/2092"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2091"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2091"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2091"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}