{"id":2055,"date":"2021-01-10T12:36:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-10T10:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=2055"},"modified":"2024-04-15T16:33:19","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T13:33:19","slug":"serv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/serv\/","title":{"rendered":"serv"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f5na <em><strong>serv<\/strong><\/em> vanimates eestikeelsetes tekstides esile ei tule, kuigi tegemist on l\u00e4\u00e4nemeresoome t\u00fcvega (st teisteski l\u00e4\u00e4nemeresoome keeltes tuntud s\u00f5naga: vadja <em>serv\u00e4<\/em>, isuri, l\u00fc\u00fcdi, Aunuse karjala ja soome murrete <em>s\u00e4rvi<\/em>, vt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/index.cgi?Q=serv&amp;F=M&amp;C06=et\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ETY<\/a>). <em>Serv<\/em> puudub ka 17. sajandi s\u00f5nastikes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>18. sajandi s\u00f5nastikud annavad saksa vasteks <em>Rand am Gef\u00e4\u00df<\/em>, st s\u00f5na on esitatud t\u00e4nap\u00e4evasest kitsamas t\u00e4henduses \u2018anuma serv\u2019. Tekstides on laiemas t\u00e4henduses <em>serv<\/em> olemas alates 1820ndatest, samal ajal on see j\u00f5udnud ka s\u00f5nastikesse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lithanderi t\u00f5lgitud kokaraamatus (1781) esineb k\u00fcll rootsi <em>sk\u00e5rra<\/em> t\u00f5lkevastena \u2197<em>serv<\/em> ~ <em>kerv<\/em> \u2018s\u00e4lk, sissel\u00f5ige\u2019, <em>servima<\/em> ~ <em>kervima<\/em> \u2018l\u00f5ikama\u2019, aga seos l\u00e4\u00e4nemeresoome <em>serv<\/em>-t\u00fcvega pole siin selge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eesti murretes esineb <em>serv<\/em> ka h\u00e4\u00e4likulistel kujudel <em>s\u00f5rv, <\/em><em>sorv, s\u00f5ru, s\u00f6ru <\/em>jm (keskmurde p\u00f5hjaosas, saartel). Wiedemanni s\u00f5nastikus (1869, 1893) ongi <em>s\u00f5rv<\/em> valitud selle s\u00f5na p\u00f5hikujuks. Samuti on varianti <em>s\u00f5rv<\/em> eelistanud n\u00e4iteks Kreutzwald, kelle s\u00fcnnipaik j\u00e4\u00e4b <em>s\u00f5rv<\/em>-kuju levikualale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00f5na <em>serv<\/em> \u00f5-list kuju v\u00f5ib seostada kohanimega <strong><em>S\u00f5rve s\u00e4\u00e4r<\/em><\/strong>, mida kohalikud ise h\u00e4\u00e4ldavad <em><strong>S\u00f6rve<\/strong> <\/em>(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/knr\/index.cgi?Q=s%C3%B5rve&amp;F=M&amp;C06=et\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">KNR<\/a>). Et Eestis \u00fcldteada on just <em>\u00f5<\/em>-ga nimekuju, n\u00e4itab S\u00f5rve poolsaare tuntust ning olulisust.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Esiteks on v\u00f5imalik, et nime <em>S\u00f5rve<\/em> andsid poolsaarele hoopiski kaugemalt p\u00e4rit meremehed, teiseks on t\u00f5en\u00e4oline, et nimi on vanem kui L\u00e4\u00e4ne-Saaremaa h\u00e4\u00e4likumuutus <em>\u00f5<\/em> &gt; <em>\u00f6<\/em> (mille toimumisaeg, t\u00f5si k\u00fcll, on t\u00e4psemalt dateerimata). Just nimekuju <em>S\u00f5rwe<\/em>, seejuures ilma muid variante mainimata, esitab ka Wiedemann oma s\u00f5nastikus (1869, 1893). Varasemate s\u00f5nastike kirjaviis ei v\u00f5imalda <em>\u00f5<\/em> ja <em>\u00f6<\/em> kohta j\u00e4reldusi teha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u00f5<\/em>-t\u00e4hte hakati kirjakeeles \u00fcldiselt tarvitama koos uue (t\u00e4nap\u00e4evase) kirjaviisi v\u00f5idulep\u00e4\u00e4suga 19. sajandi l\u00f5pus. O. W. Masing oli <em>\u00f5<\/em>-h\u00e4\u00e4liku kirjas eristamise vajadust maininud juba 1816. aastal ja tarvitas ise <em>\u00f5<\/em>-m\u00e4rki, aga \u00fcldist heakskiitu <em>\u00f5<\/em> kohe ei saavutanud. Uue kirjaviisi looja Eduard Ahrens <em>\u00f5<\/em>-d pigem ei pooldanud ja seda oma grammatikas (1843, 1853) ei kasutanud. 1864 ilmus Jakob Hurda \u201cL\u00fchikene \u00f5petus \u00f5igest kirjutamisest parandatud wiisi\u201d, kus on <em>\u00f5<\/em>-t\u00e4hele ja selle vajalikkusele eraldi l\u00f5igukeses t\u00e4helepanu p\u00f6\u00f6ratud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kuni veel ei olnud autoriteetseid v\u00e4ljaandeid ega s\u00f5nastikke, millele <em>\u00f5<\/em>-t\u00e4he osas tugineda, oli kasutus \u00fcsna ebakindel. N\u00e4iteks Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi esimeses teoses (\u201cWina-katk\u201d, 1840) <em>\u00f5<\/em>-sid pole. Edaspidi on tal <em>\u00f5<\/em> ja <em>\u00f6<\/em> tarvitus s\u00f5nuti eba\u00fchtlane. 1850. aasta raamatus \u201cMa- ja Merre-piltid\u201d on vaheldumisi nt <em>s\u00f5rw <\/em>ja <em>s\u00f6rw<\/em>, <em>k\u00f5rw<\/em> ja <em>k\u00f6rw<\/em>, <em>w\u00f5tta<\/em> ja <em>w\u00f6tta<\/em>, <em>l\u00f5wwi<\/em> ja <em>l\u00f6wwi<\/em>, <em>m\u00f5tte<\/em> ja <em>m\u00f6tte<\/em>, aga j\u00e4rjekindlalt <em>\u00f5<\/em>-ga on kirjutatud nt <em>t\u00f5esti<\/em>, <em>k\u00f5lla<\/em>, <em>r\u00f5em<\/em>, <em>w\u00f5ima<\/em>. Tundub, et <em>\u00f5<\/em> selge eristamine oli k\u00f5ige keerulisem labiaalsete h\u00e4\u00e4likute (eriti <em>v<\/em>) naabruses. \u00dcksikuid <em>\u00f6<\/em>-sid <em>\u00f5<\/em>-de asemel on veel \u201cKalevipoja\u201d 1861. aasta v\u00e4ljaandeski (<em>s\u00f6rw, k\u00f6rw<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"327\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/serv_kreutzwald_1850.png\" alt=\"Kreutzwald, Ma- ja Merre-piltid, 1850 (v\u00e4ljal\u00f5ige)\" class=\"wp-image-385 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/serv_kreutzwald_1850.png 425w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/serv_kreutzwald_1850-300x231.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\"><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Kreutzwald, Ma- ja Merre-piltid, 1850 (v\u00e4ljal\u00f5ige)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e25-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d94e47d0e25-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e25-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e25-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e25-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"> <small> Meie pool <b>serwas<\/b> on \u00d5mmedo, Kassep\u00e4, Mustwe, Lohhoso, Rannapungerja, Kurro ja Serentsi, need k\u00f5hhad, kuhho k\u00f5ige ennamiste k\u00f5igilt poolt rahwast kokkolangeb \u2026 (Masing 1821) <\/small> <small> Luhha k\u00fcllas ellas Tuppi Hans omma wenna Juhhani k\u00f6rwas ja olli wenna made eest moisa kubjaks, sai wenna k\u00e4\u00e4st palka, p\u00f6llo \u00e4\u00e4rt ning heina-ma <strong>serwa<\/strong> ja ellas \u00f6ige priskeste. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=93&amp;kood=1864-Jannsen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=93&amp;kood=1864-Jannsen\">Jannsen 1864<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Luha k\u00fclas elas Tupi Hans oma venna Juhani k\u00f5rval, oli venna maade eest m\u00f5isa kupjaks, sai venna k\u00e4est palka, p\u00f5llu \u00e4\u00e4rt ja heinamaa <strong>serva<\/strong> ja elas \u00f5ige priskesti.\u2019 <\/small> <small> Teisel p\u00e4wal, kui aud kirriko-aedas olli walmistatud ja m\u00e4emehhed surnut matma tullid, teggi wanna raugake omma kirsto lahti, w\u00f5ttis musta punnase <strong>s\u00f5rwaga<\/strong> r\u00e4ttikut w\u00e4lja, sidus sedda surnule kaela \u00fcmber \u2026 (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=43&amp;kood=1843-Kreutzwald-Sippelgas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=43&amp;kood=1843-Kreutzwald-Sippelgas\">Kreutzwald 1843<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Teisel p\u00e4eval, kui haud kirikuaias oli valmistatud ja m\u00e4emehed surnut matma tulid, tegi vana raugake oma kirstu lahti, v\u00f5ttis musta punase <strong>servaga<\/strong> r\u00e4tiku v\u00e4lja, sidus selle surnule kaela \u2026\u2019 <\/small> <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e3f-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d94e47d0e3f-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e3f-collapse\">Esmaesinemus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e3f-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e3f-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> Trullide al on rennid seismas, kuhhu maggus sisse l\u00e4hheb, ja sure laia, agga maddala <strong>serwaga<\/strong> wask katlasse jookseb, kus tedda ni kaua kedetakse, kunni wessi, mis tedda weddelaks teeb, hopis \u00e4rrakedab, nenda, et maggus kui \u00fcks kuiw liiw katla p\u00f5hja j\u00e4eb. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=70&amp;kood=1818-Masing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=70&amp;kood=1818-Masing\">Masing 1818<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018[Suhkruveski] rullide all seisavad rennid, kuhu magus sisse l\u00e4heb ja suure ning laia, aga madala <strong>servaga<\/strong> vaskkatlasse jookseb, kus teda seni keedetakse, kuni vesi, mis teda vedelaks teeb, p\u00e4ris \u00e4ra aurab, nii et magus nagu kuiv liiv katla p\u00f5hja j\u00e4\u00e4b.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e44-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d94e47d0e44-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e44-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e44-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e44-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Vestring 1710\u20131730<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>S\u00e4rwe \/ S\u00f6rwe <\/strong>Der Rand am Geschirr <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>s\u00f6rw<\/strong> der Rand am Gef\u00e4\u00df. <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>s\u00f6rw, e<\/strong> Rand an Gef\u00e4\u00dfen r.<sup>[Tallinna k]<\/sup>,<br>\n<strong>mantli s\u00f6rw<\/strong> Zipfel am Mantel. <\/small> <small> <strong>s\u00e4rwe<\/strong> Rand (an Gef\u00e4\u00dfen) r.<sup>[Tallinna k]<\/sup> <\/small> <small> <strong>Serwe ma<\/strong> Sworbe im A.<sup>[Saaremaal]<\/sup> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>s\u00f5rw<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. s\u00f5rwa, s\u00f5rwe <em>(Hup.)<\/em>, (s\u00f5rb, serb, serw, s\u00f5\u0155wik), <em>dimin<\/em>. s\u00f5rwakene <em>G<\/em>. s\u00f5rwakeze <em>Rand, Kante, Aeusserstes, Grenze<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>ku\u035ci s\u0101b s\u00f5rwa pe\u035cale<\/strong> = <em>wenn er schon etwas vor sich bringt<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>s\u00f5rwe m\u022bda k\u016blma<\/strong> <em>beil\u00e4ufig, ger\u00fcchtsweise h\u00f6ren<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>ka\u0144dja s.<\/strong> <em>Tragrand (des Hufes)<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>k\u0113le s.<\/strong> <em>Zungenrand<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>ma\u0144tli s.<\/strong> <em>Zipfel des Mantels<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>m\u0101 s.<\/strong>, <strong>mere s.<\/strong> <em>Meeresufer, K\u00fcste<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>s\u016b s<\/strong>. <em>Mundwinkel<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>tagumine s.<\/strong> <em>R\u00fccken (eines Buches)<\/em>. <\/small> <small> <strong>s\u00f5rwe-m\u0101<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. m\u0101 <em>Halbinsel Sworbe in Oesel.<\/em> <\/small> <small> <strong>S\u00f5rulane<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. S\u00f5rulaze (<em>O, M<\/em>)<sup>[Saaremaal, Muhumaal]<\/sup> <em>Bewohner der Halbinsel Sworbe in Oesel<\/em>. <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e47-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d94e47d0e47-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e47-collapse\">Sagedus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e47-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d94e47d0e47-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small>10 000 tekstis\u00f5na kohta<\/small><\/p>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 0,00 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kirjandus<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><small>\u2022 ETY = Metsm\u00e4gi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik 2012. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eesti et\u00fcmoloogias\u00f5naraamat<\/a>. Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus.<br>\u2022 KNR = 2016 (Toim) Peeter P\u00e4ll, Marja Kallasmaa, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/knr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/knr\/<\/a>.<\/small><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f5na serv vanimates eestikeelsetes tekstides esile ei tule, kuigi tegemist on l\u00e4\u00e4nemeresoome t\u00fcvega (st teisteski l\u00e4\u00e4nemeresoome keeltes tuntud s\u00f5naga: vadja serv\u00e4, isuri, l\u00fc\u00fcdi, Aunuse karjala ja soome murrete s\u00e4rvi, vt ETY). Serv puudub ka 17. sajandi s\u00f5nastikes. 18. sajandi s\u00f5nastikud &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":385,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[108,92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2055","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-o-taht","category-saarte-murre"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2055","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2055"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2055\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2672,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2055\/revisions\/2672"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2055"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2055"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2055"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}