{"id":1960,"date":"2023-02-04T20:50:00","date_gmt":"2023-02-04T18:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=1960"},"modified":"2024-04-15T16:03:11","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T13:03:11","slug":"paburits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/paburits\/","title":{"rendered":"paburits"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>Paburits <\/strong><\/em>on rahvakeelne s\u00f5na kukerpuu(marjade) kohta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pole v\u00f5imalik t\u00e4pselt \u00f6elda, mis keele kaudu <em>paburits <\/em>eesti keelde j\u00f5udis, sest keskladina <em>barberis<\/em>\/<em>berberis <\/em>on levinud paljudesse keeltesse, nt saksa <em>Berberitze<\/em>, rootsi <em>berberis<\/em>, vene <em>\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441<\/em> (<em>barbariss<\/em>), kusjuures k\u00f5igis neis keeltes nagu eesti keeleski on ka erinevaid h\u00e4\u00e4ldusvariante. Eesti murretest on teada nt <em>paaburits<\/em>, <em>paberits<\/em>, <em>parabrits<\/em>, <em>palberits <\/em>jne (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ems\/index.cgi?Q=parberits&amp;F=A&amp;C06=et\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">EMS<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Baltisaksa keeles \u00f6eldi enamasti <em>Barberitze <\/em>(vt Kobolt 1990) ning just sellisel kujul, ainult s\u00f5naalguse eestip\u00e4raselt tugeva <em>p<\/em>-ga, on seda oma kokaraamatut\u00f5lkes (1781) kasutanud Johann Lithander. Nii on <em>parberits<\/em> j\u00f5udnud ka A. W. Hupeli s\u00f5nastiku II tr\u00fckki (1818) ja j\u00e4\u00e4nud kasutusse 19. sajandi algupoole kokaraamatutes (nt Fehre t\u00f5lkes 1824).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pikem kirjeldus paburitsimarjade kohta koos kasutus\u00f5petusega ilmus Sakala p\u00f5llut\u00f6\u00f6 lisalehes 1898. a 16. juuni numbris. Nimevariantidena on esitatud <em>paberits<\/em>, <em>pabrits<\/em>, <em>parberits<\/em>, <em>perberits<\/em>, eelistatult aga hoopis <em>\u00e4\u00e4dikmarjapuu<\/em>. Joonealuses seletatakse, et Wiedemanni (1893) j\u00e4rgi on Hiiumaal selle taime nimetus <em>kukerpuu<\/em>. Ridalas m\u00e4rkivat <em>kukerpuu<\/em> aga kuslapuud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Teise silbi <em>u<\/em>-ga variant <em>paburits <\/em>j\u00f5uab tr\u00fckitekstidesse alles 20. sajandi algul.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9e1-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c13bb9e1-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9e1-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9e1-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9e1-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>\u2018kukerpuu(mari)\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> Kui need <strong>Parberitsi<\/strong> marjad h\u00e4ste k\u00fcpsed, ja nattoke k\u00fclma al on olnud, siis noppi need puu pe\u00e4lt \u00e4rra, ja panne neid nattokesse weega paia sees tullele, lasse keeta, kunni need l\u00f6hki l\u00f6wad, ja omma Sahwti w\u00e4lja aiawad. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=443&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=443&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Kui paburitsimarjad on h\u00e4sti k\u00fcpsed ja on natuke k\u00fclma saanud, siis nopi nad p\u00f5\u00f5sast \u00e4ra ja pane nad natukese veega paja sees tulele; lase keeda, kuni nad l\u00f5hki l\u00e4hevad ja oma mahla v\u00e4lja ajavad.\u2019 <\/small> <small> Halwaks Pandud, aga kasulised puud ja p\u00f5esad on: laukapuu (<em>Prunus spinosa<\/em>), m\u00e4hke marja-puu (<em>Crataegus ozyacantha<\/em>) <strong>paburits<\/strong> (<em>Berberis vulgaris<\/em>), ilupaju (<em>Ligustrum vulgare<\/em>), punane ilupaju (<em>Cornus sanguinea<\/em>), karu vabarnad, waarikad ja tikerberid ning teised weikemad p\u00f5esa sordid. (\u201eWalguse\u201c p\u00f6lluteadusline lisaleht, 1902, nr 12) <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9e8-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c13bb9e8-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9e8-collapse\">S\u00f5na\u00fchendid<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9e8-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9e8-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>paburitsisahvt \u2018kukerpuumahl)<\/h5>\n<p><small> ja siis sa woid <strong>Parberitsi<\/strong> <strong>Sahwti <\/strong>ehk kirjo Sukroga sedda samma wisi Kol\u00e4ri temmale anda. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=504&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=504&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018ja siis sa v\u00f5id paburitsimahla v\u00f5i kirju suhkruga samamoodi v\u00e4rvi temale anda.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9eb-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c13bb9eb-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9eb-collapse\">Esmaesinemus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9eb-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9eb-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>1781<\/h5>\n<p><small> Panne siis ni paljo Sukrut \u00fchhe lussika t\u00e4ie <strong>Parberitsi<\/strong> Sahwti sisse, et se Sahwt saab h\u00e4sti paksuks (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=158&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=158&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Pane siis niipalju suhkrut \u00fche lusikat\u00e4ie paburitsimahla sisse, et mahl saab h\u00e4sti paks.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9ee-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c13bb9ee-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9ee-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9ee-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9ee-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Vestring 1710\u20131730<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Clare 1730<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Svenske 18. saj I pool<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>parberitsi pu<\/strong> Barberitze, Berberisbeeren-Strauch, gemeiner Saurach. r.<sup>[Tallinna k]<\/sup> d.<sup>[Tartu k]<\/sup> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>paberits <\/strong><em>G<\/em>. <strong>paberitsi<\/strong> (pabrits, parberits, perberits) <em>Berberitze, Sauerdorn (Berberis vulgaris L.)<\/em>. <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f0-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c13bb9f0-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f0-collapse\">Sagedus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f0-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f0-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small>10 000 tekstis\u00f5na kohta<\/small><\/p>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 0,24 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f2-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c13bb9f2-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f2-collapse\">Vormistik<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f2-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f2-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=paburits&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*gen.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=V+I&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=paburits&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*gen.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=V+I&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">a.om.<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>parberitsi<\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f4-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c13bb9f4-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f4-collapse\">Tekstiviited <\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f4-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c13bb9f4-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=paburits&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Lithander*&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=paburits&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Lithander*&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">Lithander (1781)<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"324\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/sakala_pollutoo_lisaleht_16_juuni_1898.png\" alt=\"Sakala p\u00f5llut\u00f6\u00f6 lisaleht, 16. juuni 1898\" class=\"wp-image-392 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/sakala_pollutoo_lisaleht_16_juuni_1898.png 400w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/351\/sakala_pollutoo_lisaleht_16_juuni_1898-300x243.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\"><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Sakala p\u00f5llut\u00f6\u00f6 lisaleht, 16. juuni 1898<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Paburits on rahvakeelne s\u00f5na kukerpuu(marjade) kohta. Pole v\u00f5imalik t\u00e4pselt \u00f6elda, mis keele kaudu paburits eesti keelde j\u00f5udis, sest keskladina barberis\/berberis on levinud paljudesse keeltesse, nt saksa Berberitze, rootsi berberis, vene \u0431\u0430\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441 (barbariss), kusjuures k\u00f5igis neis keeltes nagu eesti keeleski on &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":392,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50,58,33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-baltisaksa-laen","category-rahvusvaheline-sona","category-saksa-laen"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1960","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1960"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1960\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2650,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1960\/revisions\/2650"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/392"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1960"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1960"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1960"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}