{"id":1910,"date":"2021-03-05T17:30:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-05T15:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=1910"},"modified":"2024-04-12T19:31:14","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T16:31:14","slug":"murjan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/murjan\/","title":{"rendered":"murjan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>Murjan<\/em> t\u00e4henduses \u2018maur, mooramaalane, neeger\u2019<\/strong> on eesti keelde laenatud alamsaksa (<em>mori\u0101n<\/em>) v\u00f5i rootsi keelest seoses misjonikirjanduse levikuga 18. sajandi l\u00f5pus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Varem (17. sajandil) on seda s\u00f5na kasutanud Johannes Gutslaff, kuid ainult k\u00e4sikirjas. Heinrich G\u00f6seken (1660) on pakkunud eesti keelde vastet <em>mustmaa rahvas.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcvi <em>maur<\/em>\/<em>moor<\/em> on tuntud mitmetes keeltes ja on algselt p\u00e4rit ladina s\u00f5nast <em>Maurus<\/em> \u2018vanaaja Mauretaania (t\u00e4nap\u00e4eva Al\u017eeeria ja Maroko p\u00f5hjaosa) elanik\u2019. Ladina <em>Maurus<\/em> omakorda on p\u00e4rit vanakreeka s\u00f5nast <em>\u039c\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/em> (<em>M\u00e1\u035euros<\/em>). (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dwds.de\/wb\/Mohr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">DWDS<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d503e-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69dc6fd1d503e-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d503e-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d503e-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d503e-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"> <small> Need maad, mis \u00f5tse k\u00f5hhe p\u00e4wa alla heidawad, on needsammad, kus keige tullisemad pallawad, mis innimest s\u00fcssi mustaks p\u00f5lletawad: agga nisuggused mustad innimessed nimmetakse Moriks ehk <strong>Murjaniks<\/strong>. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=2&amp;kood=1818-Masing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=2&amp;kood=1818-Masing\">Masing 1818<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Need maad, mis j\u00e4\u00e4vad otse ekvaatorile, on needsamad, kus on k\u00f5ige tulisem palavus, mis inimese s\u00fcsimustaks p\u00f5letab, aga selliseid musti inimesi nimetatakse mooriks ehk <strong>murjaniks<\/strong>.\u2019 <\/small> <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d5045-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69dc6fd1d5045-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d5045-collapse\">Esmaesinemus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d5045-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d5045-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>1648\u20131656? (k\u00e4sikirjas)<\/h5>\n<p><small> N. t. touwsis \u00fclles n. letz; n. Kaje \u00fctz <strong>Murjani<\/strong> mehs, Candacesse neihnde <strong>muriannite<\/strong> K\u2308unnin\u2309galicko Emmanda kambri mehs, ke keicke t. Kalli n\u00f6uwo p\u00e4hl olli, olli tulnut Ierusalemmihe Kummardama. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/index.php?tekst=tutv_guts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/index.php?tekst=tutv_guts\">EPAK: Gutslaff 1648\u20131656?<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Ja Filippus t\u00f5usis ning l\u00e4ks. Ja vaata, \u00fcks Etioopia eunuhh, etiooplaste kuninganna kandake+ v\u00f5imukandja, kes valitses kogu ta varanduse \u00fcle, oli tulnud Jeruusalemma Jumalat kummardama\u2019 (<a title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/piibel.net\/#q=Ap%208\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"http:\/\/piibel.net\/#q=Ap%208\">Ap 8: 27<\/a>) <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>1782 (tr\u00fckises)<\/h5>\n<p><small> Magnus ei olnud ka ilmas enne sesuggust ellokad n\u00e4inud; agga temma olli moistlik ja te\u00e4dis, et kurrat ei woi maa pe\u00e4le tulla, weel w\u00e4hhemalt ennast n\u00e4ita: pe\u00e4leki olli ta kolis \u00f6ppinud, et keik innimessed ei olle nisugguse walge silmn\u00e4oka kui meie, waid et se\u00e4l maal, kus p\u00e4ike w\u00e4gga \u00e4ggedast paistab; mustad innimessed ellawad, kedda Moramamehhiks ehk<strong> Murjaniks<\/strong> kutsotakse. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=62&amp;kood=1782-Arwelius\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=62&amp;kood=1782-Arwelius\">Arvelius 1782<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Magnus ei olnud varem ilmaski seesugust elukat n\u00e4inud, aga ta oli m\u00f5istlik ja teadis, et kurat ei v\u00f5i maa peale tulla ega ennast n\u00e4idata, pealegi oli ta koolis \u00f5ppinud, et k\u00f5ik inimesed ei ole niisuguse valge silmn\u00e4oga nagu meie, vaid et seal maal, kus p\u00e4ike v\u00e4ga teravalt paistab, mustad inimesed elavad, keda Mooramaa meesteks ehk <strong>murjaniteks<\/strong> kutsutakse.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504a-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69dc6fd1d504a-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504a-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504a-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504a-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> mohr \/ (\u00e6thiops) mustmah rahwas <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Vestring 1710\u20131730<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>mu\u0155jan<\/strong> <em>G.<\/em> <strong>mu\u0155jani<\/strong> <em>Mohr, Neger.<\/em> <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504c-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69dc6fd1d504c-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504c-collapse\">Sagedus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504c-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504c-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small>10 000 tekstis\u00f5na kohta<\/small><\/p>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 0,02 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504f-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69dc6fd1d504f-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504f-collapse\">Vormistik<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504f-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69dc6fd1d504f-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=murjan&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*gen.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=murjan&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*gen.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">a.om.<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>murjani<\/small><br>\n<small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=murjan&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*tr.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=murjan&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=sg.*tr.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1500-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">a.saav<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>murjaniks<\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kirjandus<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><small>\u2022 DWDS = \u201eMohr\u201c, bereitgestellt durch das Digitale W\u00f6rterbuch der deutschen Sprache, &lt;https:\/\/www.dwds.de\/wb\/Mohr&gt;, abgerufen am 05.03.2021.<br>\u2022 EPAK = Ross, Kristiina jt. 2004\u20132019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/index.php?tegevus=mainmenu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eesti piiblit\u00f5lke ajalooline konkordants<\/a>.<\/small><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Murjan t\u00e4henduses \u2018maur, mooramaalane, neeger\u2019 on eesti keelde laenatud alamsaksa (mori\u0101n) v\u00f5i rootsi keelest seoses misjonikirjanduse levikuga 18. sajandi l\u00f5pus. Varem (17. sajandil) on seda s\u00f5na kasutanud Johannes Gutslaff, kuid ainult k\u00e4sikirjas. Heinrich G\u00f6seken (1660) on pakkunud eesti keelde vastet &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alamsaksa-laen","category-rootsi-laen"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1910"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1910\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1911,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1910\/revisions\/1911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}