{"id":1892,"date":"2022-05-31T16:21:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-31T13:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=1892"},"modified":"2024-04-12T19:22:10","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T16:22:10","slug":"maarima-maare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/maarima-maare\/","title":{"rendered":"m\u00e4\u00e4rima, m\u00e4\u00e4re"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Verb <strong><em>m\u00e4\u00e4rima<\/em><\/strong> on eesti keelde laenatud keskalamsaksa keelest (keskalamsaksa <em>smeren<\/em>, \u00fclemsaksa<em> schmieren<\/em>, vt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/index.cgi?Q=m%C3%A4%C3%A4rima&amp;F=M&amp;C06=et\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ETY<\/a>). Teadaolev esmaesinemus leidub aga alles Johann Lithanderi t\u00f5lgitud kokaraamatus, mis tr\u00fckiti Tallinnas 1781. aastal. S\u00f5na puudub ka k\u00f5igist vanematest s\u00f5nastikest, mis on alamsaksa laenu puhul pigem ebatavaline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lithanderil esineb <em>m\u00e4\u00e4rima<\/em> ainult t\u00e4henduses <strong>\u2019pehmet ainet mingil pinnal laiali ajama\u2019<\/strong>. Varasemates tekstides oli selle t\u00e4henduse v\u00e4ljendamiseks \u2197<em>v\u00f5idma<\/em>, mis polnud ka Lithanderile v\u00f5\u00f5ras s\u00f5na. \u00dcldiselt on Lithander kasutanud verbi <em>m\u00e4\u00e4rima<\/em> t\u00e4idise, v\u00f5i, munavahu jms kohta, aga leidub ka t\u00e4nap\u00e4eva keelest erinevaid v\u00e4ljendeid. N\u00e4iteks taignaga sai kaane paja peale \u201ekinni m\u00e4\u00e4rida\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuletis <em><strong>m\u00e4\u00e4re<\/strong> <\/em>(liits\u00f5nas <em>vankrim\u00e4\u00e4re<\/em>) on teada 1820ndatest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e4hendus <strong>\u2019m\u00e4\u00e4rdunuks tegema\u2019<\/strong> ilmub kirjalikesse tekstidesse 19. sajandi keskel.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f0a11883a99-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f0a11883a99-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f0a11883a99-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f0a11883a99-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f0a11883a99-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>m\u00e4\u00e4rima \u2018pehmet ainet mingil pinnal laiali ajama\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>M\u00e4ri<\/strong> neid seest ja w\u00e4ljast woiga, panne siis ahjo \u2026 (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=-9&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=-9&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018M\u00e4\u00e4ri neid [kivipadasid] seest ja v\u00e4ljast v\u00f5iga, pane siis ahju \u2026\u2019 <\/small> <small> <strong>m\u00e4ri<\/strong> \u00fchhe pissikesse lussikaga sedda taignat \u00f6hhukeste Wormide sisse (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=534&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=534&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018m\u00e4\u00e4ri tainast pisikese lusikaga \u00f5hukeselt vormide sisse\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>m\u00e4\u00e4rima \u2018m\u00e4\u00e4rdunuks tegema\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> Jah \u00fcks pool allasti, <strong>m\u00e4ritud<\/strong> ja soppane metsinnimenne hakkas naerdes ta kaela \u00fcmber kinni (Pagganatte \u00f6 ja koit, 31. m\u00e4rts 1865)<br>\n\u2018Jah, \u00fcks poolalasti, m\u00e4\u00e4rdunud ja sopane metsinimene haaras naerdes tal kaela \u00fcmbert kinni\u2019 <\/small> <small> Wanna omma k\u00e4ppadega ni kinni minno kaela \u00fcmber, nago raud tangid olleksid sealt \u00fcmber hakkanud: misjotas kolm korda \u00e4rra, <strong>m\u00e4ris<\/strong> omma tubbaka tilkuja ninnaga keik mo suud silmad t\u00e4is! (Tallorahwa postimees, 2. oktoober 1859)<br>\n\u2018Vana oma k\u00e4ppadega nii kinni minu kaela \u00fcmber, nagu raud tangid oleksid \u00fcmbert kinni v\u00f5tnud, musutas kolm korda, m\u00e4\u00e4ris oma tubakat tilkuva ninaga k\u00f5ik mu suud-silmad \u00e4ra!\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>m\u00e4\u00e4re<\/h5>\n<p><small> prugiwad innimesed sedda waiko, wankri<strong>m\u00e4reks<\/strong> \u2026 (Masing 1821)<br>\n\u2018kasutavad inimesed seda [m\u00e4e]vaiku vankrim\u00e4\u00e4rdeks \u2026\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f0a11883aad-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f0a11883aad-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f0a11883aad-collapse\">S\u00f5na\u00fchendid<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f0a11883aad-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f0a11883aad-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>\u00e4ra m\u00e4\u00e4rima \u2018v\u00f5idma\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> w\u00f6ttis \u00f6lli puddeli laua pe\u00e4lt ja <strong>m\u00e4ris<\/strong> kassuka karwad ni holega <strong>\u00e4rra<\/strong>, et \u00f6llist tilkusid (Perno Postimees, 11. veebruar 1859)<br>\n\u2018v\u00f5ttis \u00f5lipudeli laua pealt ja m\u00e4\u00e4ris kasuka karvad nii hoolega \u00e4ra, et need \u00f5list tilkusid\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>kinni m\u00e4\u00e4rima \u2018kinni m\u00e4tsima\u2019<\/h5>\n<p><small> W\u00fclli rinnast sadik wet katla sisse, ja <strong>m\u00e4ri<\/strong> sedda taignaga h\u00e4sti kinni. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=685&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=685&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018T\u00e4ida katel rinnast saadik veega ja m\u00e4tsi seda taignaga h\u00e4sti kinni.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab0-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f0a11883ab0-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab0-collapse\">Esmaesinemus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab0-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab0-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>1781<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>M\u00e4ri<\/strong> neid seest ja w\u00e4ljast woiga, panne siis ahjo \u2026 (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=-9&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=-9&amp;kood=1781-Lithander\">Lithander 1781<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018M\u00e4\u00e4ri neid [kivipadasid] seest ja v\u00e4ljast v\u00f5iga, pane siis ahju \u2026\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab4-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f0a11883ab4-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab4-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab4-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab4-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Vestring 1710\u20131730<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Clare 1730<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Svenske 18. saj I pool<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>m\u00e4rima (\u00e4rra)<\/strong> beschmieren. selt.<sup>[harv]<\/sup> +.<sup>[saksa laen]<\/sup> r.<sup>[tallinnakeelne]<\/sup> d.<sup>[tartukeelne]<\/sup> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>m\u01dfrima, -rin, -rida, m\u01df\u0155m\u00e4<\/strong> <em>(d)<\/em><sup>[tartukeelne]<\/sup> <span style=\"background-color: #d3d3d3;\">1)<\/span> <em>schmieren<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>\u00e4ra m.<\/strong> <em>beschmieren, beschmutzen<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>sa\u035cuega ahju \u00e4ra m.<\/strong> <em>mit Lehm den Ofen verschmieren<\/em>,<br>\n<em>fig<\/em>. <strong>kellegile natukest pe\u035cale m\u01dfrima<\/strong> <em>Einen etwas z\u00fcchtigen<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>m\u01dfritud pe\u035caga<\/strong>, <strong>ki\u0144\u0144i m\u01dfritud<\/strong> <em>angetrunken, betrunken<\/em>; \u2014<br>\n<span style=\"background-color: #d3d3d3;\">2)<\/span> beischlafen. <\/small> <small> <strong>m\u01dfris<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>m\u01dfrise,<\/strong> <strong>m\u01dfrikse<\/strong> <em>Beschmierung, Beschmutzung<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>m\u01dfriksele j\u01dfma <\/strong><em>beschmutzt bleiben, dem Beschmutzen preis gegeben sein<\/em>. <\/small> <small> <strong>m\u01dfre<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>m\u01dfre, m\u01dfrde, m\u01dfrme<\/strong> <em>Schmiere<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>tr\u00fcki-m.<\/strong> <em>\u0412uchdruckerschw\u00e4rze<\/em>. <\/small> <small> <strong>m\u01df\u0155dima, -din, -dida<\/strong> (m\u01dfrd\u00fcm\u00e4) <em>schmutzig werden<\/em>,<br>\n<strong>\u00e4ra m\u01df\u0155dind<\/strong> <em>schmutzig<\/em>. <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab7-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f0a11883ab7-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab7-collapse\">Sagedus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab7-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f0a11883ab7-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small>10 000 tekstis\u00f5na kohta<\/small><\/p>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 2,62 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f0a11883aba-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f0a11883aba-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f0a11883aba-collapse\">Vormistik<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f0a11883aba-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f0a11883aba-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=m%C3%A4%C3%A4rima&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=tud.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=V+I&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=m%C3%A4%C3%A4rima&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=tud.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=V+I&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">tud-kesks\u00f5na<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>m\u00e4ritud, m\u00e4\u00e4ritud<br>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=m%C3%A4%C3%A4rima&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=pers.*imp.*pr.*sg.*2.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=V+I&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=m%C3%A4%C3%A4rima&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=pers.*imp.*pr.*sg.*2.&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=V+I&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">k\u00e4skiv kv, ains 2. p<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj <\/sup>m\u00e4ri<\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f0a11883abd-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f0a11883abd-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f0a11883abd-collapse\">Tekstiviited <\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f0a11883abd-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f0a11883abd-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=m%C3%A4%C3%A4rima&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Lithander*&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=m\u00e4\u00e4rima&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Lithander*&amp;taasta=&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">Lithander (1781)<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kirjandus<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><small>\u2022 ETY = Metsm\u00e4gi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik 2012. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eesti et\u00fcmoloogias\u00f5naraamat<\/a>. Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus.<\/small><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Verb m\u00e4\u00e4rima on eesti keelde laenatud keskalamsaksa keelest (keskalamsaksa smeren, \u00fclemsaksa schmieren, vt ETY). Teadaolev esmaesinemus leidub aga alles Johann Lithanderi t\u00f5lgitud kokaraamatus, mis tr\u00fckiti Tallinnas 1781. aastal. S\u00f5na puudub ka k\u00f5igist vanematest s\u00f5nastikest, mis on alamsaksa laenu puhul pigem &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alamsaksa-laen","category-tahendusmuutus"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1892"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1893,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1892\/revisions\/1893"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}