{"id":1780,"date":"2020-06-19T19:18:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-19T16:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=1780"},"modified":"2024-04-11T22:19:35","modified_gmt":"2024-04-11T19:19:35","slug":"kaatilind","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/kaatilind\/","title":{"rendered":"kaatilind"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>Kaati(lind) <\/em><\/strong>on 1739. aasta piiblit\u00f5lkes kasutatud heebrea s\u00f5na (\u05e7\u05d0\u05ea, <em>q\u0101\u2019\u0101t<\/em>), mille t\u00e4pne t\u00e4hendus ei ole teada. V\u00f5imalik, et nii nimetati <strong>pelikani<\/strong>. S\u00f5na arvatakse olevat helij\u00e4ljenduslik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1739. aasta piiblit\u00f5lke mustandi algversioonis on <em>kaatilinnu<\/em> asemel <em>h\u00fc\u00fcp <\/em>(vt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/index.php?tegevus=comparebibletext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">EPAK<\/a>), mis on t\u00e4pne t\u00f5lkevaste Matin Lutheri saksakeelses Piiblis kasutatutud linnunimetusele <em>Rohrdommel<\/em>. S\u00f5na <em>pelikan<\/em> (<em>pellic\u0101n<\/em>) oli kirikuladina laenuna olemas juba kesk\u00fclemsaksa keeles, aga arvatavasti soovis Luther oma t\u00f5lkes v\u00e4ltida niisuguse linnu nimetamist, kellest saksa lihtrahvas ilmselt midagi ei teadnud, ja p\u00fc\u00fcdis leida vaste, mis annaks mingisugusegi arusaamise originaali t\u00e4hendusest. Vastavalt Lutheri p\u00f5him\u00f5tetele pidi t\u00f5lge olema \u00fcldrahvalikult m\u00f5istetav.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anton Thor Helle ja teised 1739. aastal ilmunud eestikeelse Piibli t\u00f5lkijad l\u00e4htusid pietistlikest p\u00f5him\u00f5tetest ja pidasid t\u00e4htsaks t\u00f5lke vastavust algtekstile, st heebreakeelsele (osalt arameakeelsele) Vanale Testamendile. Nii loobusid nad vastest <em>h\u00fc\u00fcp<\/em> ega v\u00f5tnud kasutusele ka <em>pelikan<\/em>\u2019i, kuigi viimane oli saksa s\u00f5nade <em>Pelican<\/em> ja <em>L\u00f6ffelgans<\/em> vastena olemas 1660. aastal tr\u00fckitud Heinrich G\u00f6sekeni saksa-eesti s\u00f5nastikus. S\u00f5na <em>pelikan<\/em> on p\u00e4rit kreeka keelest (<em>\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03bd<\/em>) ja seda on kasutatud Septuagintas (Vana Testamendis t\u00f5lkes kreeka keelde) heebrea \u05e7\u05d0\u05ea\u2019i vastena kahel korral (3Ms 11:18 ja Ps 102:7). \u00dclej\u00e4\u00e4nud kolmes kirjakohas, kus \u05e7\u05d0\u05ea\u2019i nimetatakse (5Ms 14:17 ja Js 34:11, Sf 2:14), on kreeka vasted raskemini t\u00f5lgentavad. Vulgatas (4. sajandi l\u00f5pust p\u00e4rinev Piibli t\u00f5lge ladina keelde) esineb t\u00fcvi <em>pelikan <\/em>(<em>pelicano<\/em>) \u00fchel korral (Ps 102:7). Kolmel korral (3Ms 11:18, Js 34:11, Sf 2:14) on kasutatud linnunimetust <em>onocrotalus<\/em> \u2018roosapelikan\u2019, mis on samuti algup\u00e4ralt kreeka s\u00f5na (<em>\u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Et Thor Helle pidas t\u00f5lkesse sobivaimaks just s\u00f5na <em>kaatilind<\/em>, kinnitab tema originaalitruudust. Paul Ariste andmetel on 1739. aasta Piiblis eestlastele tundmatute idamaiste loomade, taimede, v\u00e4\u00e4riskivide jms nimetamiseks kokku 67 eesti keele h\u00e4\u00e4ldusega mugandatud hebraismi (arvestamata rahvusvaheliselt kasutatavaid heebrea kultuuris\u00f5nu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uuemates eesti piiblit\u00f5lgetes kasutatud <em>puguhani<\/em> on otset\u00f5lge vananenud saksa s\u00f5nast <em>Kropfgans<\/em> \u2018roosapelikan\u2019 (<em>Kropf<\/em> \u2018pugu\u2019, <em>Gans<\/em> \u2018hani\u2019).<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e18acc72b5b-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e18acc72b5b-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e18acc72b5b-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e18acc72b5b-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e18acc72b5b-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>\u2018pelikan\u2019?<\/h5>\n<p><small> Waid <strong>Kaati-li\u00f1nud<\/strong> ja sured silid peawad sedda p\u00e4rrima, ja \u00f6kul ja kaarnad se\u00e4l ellama, ja temma weab si\u00f1na pe\u00e4le n\u00f6ri, et se t\u00fchjaks, ja lodi, et se paljaks j\u00e4\u00e4b. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=697&amp;kood=1739-Piibel_VTP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=697&amp;kood=1739-Piibel_VTP\">Piibel 1739<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018<strong>Puguhani<\/strong> ja siil p\u00e4rivad selle, \u00f6\u00f6kull ja kaaren elutsevad seal; selle \u00fcle veetakse t\u00fchjuse m\u00f5\u00f5dun\u00f6\u00f6r ja paljasoleku lood. (<a title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/piibel.net\/#q=Js%2034\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"http:\/\/piibel.net\/#q=Js%2034\">Js 34:11<\/a>)\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e18acc72b61-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e18acc72b61-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e18acc72b61-collapse\">Esmaesinemus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e18acc72b61-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e18acc72b61-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>1739<\/h5>\n<p><small> Ja Tinsemeti- ja <strong>Kaati-<\/strong> ja Raami-lind (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=115&amp;kood=1739-Piibel_VT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=115&amp;kood=1739-Piibel_VT\">Piibel 1739<\/a><span style=\"color: inherit;\">)<\/span><br>\n\u2018\u00f6\u00f6kull, <strong>puguhani<\/strong>, raisakull (<a title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/piibel.net\/#q=3Ms%2011\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"http:\/\/piibel.net\/#q=3Ms%2011\">3Ms 11:18<\/a>)\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e18acc72b64-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e18acc72b64-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e18acc72b64-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e18acc72b64-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e18acc72b64-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e18acc72b66-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e18acc72b66-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e18acc72b66-collapse\">Sagedus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e18acc72b66-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e18acc72b66-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small>10 000 tekstis\u00f5na kohta<\/small><\/p>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 0,03 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e18acc72b68-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e18acc72b68-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e18acc72b68-collapse\">Vormistik<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e18acc72b68-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e18acc72b68-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><em>kaati-<\/em> esineb ainult liits\u00f5na muutumatu esiosisena.<\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kirjandus<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><small>\u2022 Ariste, Paul 1965. Hebr\u00e4ische W\u00f6rter im Estnischen. \u2013 Beitr\u00e4ge zur Sprachwissenschaft, Volkskunde und Literaturforschung. (Steiniz-Festschrift). Berlin, 31\u201338.<br>\u2022 Ariste, Paul 1967. Lisam\u00e4rkusi eesti keeles olevatest hebraismidest. \u2013 Emakeele Seltsi Aastaraamat, 71\u201373.<br>\u2022 Ariste, Paul 1981. Heebrea laens\u00f5nad eesti kirjakeeles. \u2013 Keelekontaktid. Tallinn: Valgus, 160\u2013167.<br>\u2022 Arnott, W. Geoffrey 2007. Birds in the Ancient World from A to Z. Routledge.<br>\u2022 EPAK = Eesti Keele Instituudi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/piibel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eesti piiblit\u00f5lke ajalooline konkordants<\/a>.<br>\u2022 Lass, Roger 2000. Historical linguistics and language change. Cambridge University Press, 86\u201388.<br>\u2022 WiBiLex, artikkel <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bibelwissenschaft.de\/stichwort\/33566\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rohrdommel<\/a>.<\/small><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kaati(lind) on 1739. aasta piiblit\u00f5lkes kasutatud heebrea s\u00f5na (\u05e7\u05d0\u05ea, q\u0101\u2019\u0101t), mille t\u00e4pne t\u00e4hendus ei ole teada. V\u00f5imalik, et nii nimetati pelikani. S\u00f5na arvatakse olevat helij\u00e4ljenduslik. 1739. aasta piiblit\u00f5lke mustandi algversioonis on kaatilinnu asemel h\u00fc\u00fcp (vt EPAK), mis on t\u00e4pne t\u00f5lkevaste &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[67,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-heebrea-laen","category-piiblitolge"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1780","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1780"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1780\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1781,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1780\/revisions\/1781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1780"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1780"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1780"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}