{"id":1369,"date":"2022-07-05T12:43:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-05T09:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=1369"},"modified":"2024-04-10T21:58:42","modified_gmt":"2024-04-10T18:58:42","slug":"aampalk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/aampalk\/","title":{"rendered":"aampalk"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f5na <strong><em>aampalk<\/em><\/strong> <strong>\u2019lage kandev ning vastasseinu \u00fchendav j\u00e4me palk\u2019<\/strong> esmakasutus leidub 1739. aasta Piiblis. S\u00f5nastikesse ilmub see s\u00f5na aga alles 1818. aastal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Aampalk <\/em>on laenatud m\u00f5nest saksa keele variandist: vrd \u00fclemsaksa <em>Hainbalken <\/em>ja <em>Hahnenbalken <\/em>(Grimmid 1877), baltisaksa <em>Hahnbalken<\/em> (Hupel 1797), alamsaksa <em>hanen-balke<\/em> (L\u00fcbben 1888). Vennad Grimmid (1877) m\u00e4rgivad, et saksa keeles v\u00f5ib just <em>Hainbalken <\/em>olla selle s\u00f5na vanem vorm ning <em>Hahnenbalken <\/em>hoopis rahvaet\u00fcmoloogia toel kujunenud. Nimelt, <em>Hahnenbalken <\/em>on otset\u00f5lkes \u2019kuke-palk\u2019 ja s\u00f5na kasutuselev\u00f5ttu saaks seletada sellega, et <em>Hahnenbalken<\/em>\u2019il veetis kukk oma \u00f6id. S\u00f5nal <em>Hain <\/em>oli aga erinevaid puiduga seotud t\u00e4hendusi, nt Lutheri keelekasutuses \u2019metsatukk; hiis\u2019 (vt Grimmid 1877, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dwds.de\/wb\/etymwb\/hain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">EWD<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Huvitaval kombel on Hupel (1797: 227) arvanud, et siinse saksa keele <em>Hahnbalken<\/em>\u2019i esiosa on hoopiski eestlastelt laenatud. Eestlaste h\u00e4\u00e4lduses on <em>n<\/em> \u00fcldiselt assimileerunud j\u00e4rgneva <em>b<\/em>-ga, andes \u00fchendi <em>mb<\/em>, aga Hupeli s\u00f5nastiku (1818) j\u00e4rgi on eesti keeles nagu saksa keeleski <em>b<\/em> ees algne <em>n<\/em> veel s\u00e4ilinud. Eesti murdekeeles on variant <em>aanpalk <\/em>kasutusel vaid Mulgimaal Hallistes, Paistus ja Karksis (vt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ems\/index.cgi?Q=aanpalk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">EMS<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kuna saksa keeles algab <em>Hahnenbalken h<\/em>-ga, fikseeriti ka \u201eEesti \u00f5igekeelsuse-s\u00f5naraamatus\u201c 1925. aastal \u00f5igena <em>h<\/em>-alguline <em>haampalk<\/em>, kuigi see l\u00e4ks vastuollu senise tegeliku keelepruugiga. Sarnaseid segadust tekitavaid s\u00f5nu oli rohkemgi ja 1933. aastal otsustas Eesti Kirjanduse Seltsi keeletoimkond, et <em>aampalk<\/em>, <em>angeldama<\/em>, <em>elling<\/em>, <em>ork<\/em>, <em>uisap\u00e4isa<\/em>, <em>\u00e4rtu <\/em>ja <em>\u00e4ssitama <\/em>tuleb siiski kirjutada ilma <em>h<\/em>-ta.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c14c7725-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c14c7725-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c14c7725-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c14c7725-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c14c7725-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"> <small> \u2026 lasku nemmad suurt kla\u1ea1s laterni tehha; elledat ellilampi s\u00edsse, ja kesk rehhe\u00e1lla <strong>aamp\u1ea1lgi<\/strong> k\u00fclge rippuma, ja k\u1ecd\u0303\u0301rtsmiku sedda p\u00f5llema p\u00e1nna, kui teerahwast \u00f6emajale on j\u00e4mas. (Masing 1825)<br>\n\u2018\u2026 lasku nad teha suur klaaslatern, hele \u00f5lilamp sinna sisse, ja pangu see rehe alla aampalgi k\u00fclge rippuma, ja k\u00f5rtsmik pangu see p\u00f5lema, kui teerahvast \u00f6\u00f6majale on j\u00e4\u00e4mas.\u2019 <\/small> <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c14c7739-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c14c7739-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c14c7739-collapse\">Esmaesinemus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c14c7739-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c14c7739-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>1739<\/h5>\n<p><small> Ja nemmad andsid puseppadele ja hone-ehhitajattele, et nemmad piddid raiutud kiwwa ostma ja puid <strong>haan-palgiks<\/strong>, ja koddade laed teggema, mis Juda kunningad ollid \u00e4rrarikkunud. (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=487&amp;kood=1739-Piibel_VT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/tekstid.php?lk=487&amp;kood=1739-Piibel_VT\">Piibel 1739<\/a>)<br>\n\u2018Ja need andsid seda meistritele ja ehitust\u00f6\u00f6listele, et nad ostaksid tahutud kive ja puitu aampalkideks ning nende kodade katmiseks, mis Juuda kuningad olid lasknud laguneda.\u2019 (<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/piibel.net\/2aj-34.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/piibel.net\/2aj-34.html\">2Aj 34:11<\/a>) <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c14c773d-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c14c773d-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c14c773d-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c14c773d-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c14c773d-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Vestring 1710\u20131730<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Clare 1730<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Svenske 18. saj I pool<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>haan-palk<\/strong>, i, Hahnbalke, gro\u00dfer Querbalken. +.<sup>[saksa laen]<\/sup> r.<sup>[Tallinna k]<\/sup> d.<sup>[Tartu k]<\/sup> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>h\u0101m-pa\u013e<\/strong><strong>k<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>pa<\/strong><strong>\u013e<\/strong><strong>gi<\/strong> (h\u0101n-p.) <em>Streckbalken (an der Decke).<\/em> <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c14c773e-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c14c773e-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c14c773e-collapse\">Sagedus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c14c773e-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c14c773e-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small>10 000 tekstis\u00f5na kohta<\/small><\/p>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 0,01 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c14c7741-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c14c7741-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c14c7741-collapse\">Vormistik<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c14c7741-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c14c7741-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=aam-&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=eesti&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1600-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"http:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=aam-&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=eesti&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=&amp;taasta=1600-1800&amp;tpealkiri=&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">a.saav.<\/a><br>\n<sup> 18. saj<\/sup> haan-palgiks<\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f14c14c7744-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f14c14c7744-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f14c14c7744-collapse\">Tekstiviited <\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f14c14c7744-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f14c14c7744-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=aam-&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Helle*&amp;taasta=1739&amp;tpealkiri=%20&amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/vakk.ut.ee\/otsi.php?lemma=aam-&amp;liik=&amp;tahendus=&amp;sone=&amp;vorm=&amp;keel=&amp;kontekst=5&amp;tsajand=&amp;tliik=&amp;tlevik=&amp;tautor=*Helle*&amp;taasta=1739&amp;tpealkiri= &amp;tkeel=&amp;boss=\">Piibel (1739)<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kirjandus<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u2022EMS = 1994\u2212\u2026\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ems\/index.cgi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eesti murrete s\u00f5naraamat<\/a>.<br>\u2022EWD = Wolfgang Pfeifer et al., Etymologisches W\u00f6rterbuch des Deutschen (1993), digitalisierte und von Wolfgang Pfeifer \u00fcberarbeitete Version im Digitalen W\u00f6rterbuch der deutschen Sprache.<br>\u2022Grimmid 1877 = Deutsches W\u00f6rterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm. Lfg. 1 (1868), Bd. IV,II (1877), Sp. 174, Z. 66.<br>\u2022Hupel, August Wilhelm 1797. Neue nordische Miscellaneen. Riga: bey Johann Friedrich Hartknoch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f5na aampalk \u2019lage kandev ning vastasseinu \u00fchendav j\u00e4me palk\u2019 esmakasutus leidub 1739. aasta Piiblis. S\u00f5nastikesse ilmub see s\u00f5na aga alles 1818. aastal. Aampalk on laenatud m\u00f5nest saksa keele variandist: vrd \u00fclemsaksa Hainbalken ja Hahnenbalken (Grimmid 1877), baltisaksa Hahnbalken (Hupel 1797), &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":1576,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,50,33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alamsaksa-laen","category-baltisaksa-laen","category-saksa-laen"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1369"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1369\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1493,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1369\/revisions\/1493"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1576"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}