{"id":1367,"date":"2022-06-27T12:38:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-27T09:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/?p=1367"},"modified":"2024-10-28T21:15:07","modified_gmt":"2024-10-28T19:15:07","slug":"aam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/aam\/","title":{"rendered":"aam"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>Aam<\/strong><\/em> <strong>\u2019<\/strong><strong>endisaegne vedelike, eriti veini m\u00f5\u00f5t\u00fchik; suur vaat\u2019 <\/strong>ilmub estikeelsetesse tekstidesse teadaolevalt alles 19. sajandi algul. Esmamaining s\u00f5nastikus on k\u00fcll juba 1660. aastal, aga mitte t\u00e4ie\u00f5igusliku eesti s\u00f5nana, vaid niisuguse saksa laenuna, mida tuleks v\u00e4ltida, sest sakslastega v\u00e4hem kokku puutuvatele talupoegadele on see tundmatu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Aam<\/em> on laenatud m\u00f5nest saksa keele variandist. Tema hilist levikut arvestades pigem baltisaksa v\u00f5i \u00fclemsaksa keelest. \u00dclemsaksa keeles oli veel 19. sajandilgi tavalisema <em>Ohm<\/em> k\u00f5rval kasutusel ka <em>Ahm<\/em> (vt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dwds.de\/wb\/dwb\/ahm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">DWB<\/a>). Keskalamsaksa vastav s\u00f5na on <em>am(e)<\/em> (Schiller, L\u00fcbben 1875), baltisaksa keeles kasutati variante <em>Ahm, Ahme, Ahmen, Ohm<\/em> (vt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/bss\/index.cgi?Q=Ahm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">BSS<\/a>; vrd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/index.cgi?Q=aam&amp;F=M&amp;C06=et\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ETY<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69dbcef030fc0-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69dbcef030fc0-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69dbcef030fc0-collapse\">T\u00e4hendused ja n\u00e4itelaused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69dbcef030fc0-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69dbcef030fc0-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"> <small> Poosna m\u00f5isast, Wolmeri makonnas, l\u00e4ks winawoor Riga; \u00fcks sullasmees heitis <strong>ami<\/strong> pe\u00e4le; t\u00f5mbas pilliroga wina, ja w\u00f5eti tunni p\u00e4rrast surnud <strong>ami<\/strong> pe\u00e4lt. (Masing 1821)<br>\n\u2018Poosna m\u00f5isast Valmiera kihelkonnast l\u00e4ks viinavoor Riiga. \u00dcks sulane heitis aami peale, t\u00f5mbas viina l\u00e4bi pillirook\u00f5rre ja leiti tunni aja p\u00e4rast surnuna aami pealt.\u2019 <\/small> \n<p><small> Wiina woor, 26 <strong>aami<\/strong>, mis Karksi-m\u00f5isast (Schlo\u00df-Karkus) Ria Iinna saatetud, selle aasta 3da ja 4da Mihkli-kuu p\u00e4wa wahhel, j\u00e4i \u00f6seks \u00fchhe wersta maad Lahzi k\u00f6rzist, mis Lappieri-m\u00f6isa p\u00e4rralt on, wiina-kormad j\u00e4iw\u00e4d maandi pe\u00e4l, agga hobbosed k\u00e4isiwad tee \u00e4res heina-maa pe\u00e4l karjas; neist on kolm hobbosed lahti sanud, ja on umbes arwata, et nemmad warrastud on \u2026 (Tallorahva Kulutaja, 1. jaanuar 1829)<br>\n\u2018Viinavoor, 26 aami, mis saadeti Karksi m\u00f5isast Riia linna selle aasta 3. ja 4. septembri vahel, j\u00e4i \u00f6\u00f6seks \u00fche versta kaugusele Lahzi k\u00f5rtsist, mis kuulub Lappieri m\u00f5isale. Viinakoormad j\u00e4id maantee peale, aga hobused k\u00e4isid tee \u00e4\u00e4res karjas, neist kolm p\u00e4\u00e4sesid lahti ja v\u00f5ib arvata, et nad on varastatud \u2026\u2019 <\/small> <\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69dbcef030fd5-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69dbcef030fd5-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69dbcef030fd5-collapse\">Esmaesinemus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69dbcef030fd5-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69dbcef030fd5-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>1660 (s\u00f5nastikus)<\/h5>\n<p><small> Hahm \/ <strong>Haam \/ i<\/strong>. <sup>[saksa s\u00f5nade loendis]<\/sup> (G\u00f6seken 1660) <\/small><\/p>\n<h5>19. sajand (tr\u00fckitekstis)<\/h5>\n<p><small> Poosna m\u00f5isast, Wolmeri makonnas, l\u00e4ks winawoor Riga; \u00fcks sullasmees heitis <strong>ami<\/strong> pe\u00e4le; t\u00f5mbas pilliroga wina, ja w\u00f5eti tunni p\u00e4rrast surnud <strong>ami<\/strong> pe\u00e4lt. (Masing 1821)<br>\n\u2018Poosna m\u00f5isast Valmiera kihelkonnast l\u00e4ks viinavoor Riiga. \u00dcks sulane heitis aami peale, t\u00f5mbas viina l\u00e4bi pillirook\u00f5rre ja leiti tunni aja p\u00e4rast surnuna aami pealt.\u2019 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69dbcef030fd8-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69dbcef030fd8-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69dbcef030fd8-collapse\">Vanades s\u00f5nastikes<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69dbcef030fd8-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69dbcef030fd8-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<h5>Stahl 1637<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Gutslaff 1648<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>G\u00f6seken 1660<\/h5>\n<p><small> Hahm \/ <strong>Haam \/ i<\/strong>. <sup>[saksa s\u00f5nade loendis]<\/sup> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Vestring 1710\u20131730<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Clare 1730<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Thor Helle 1732<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Svenske 18. saj I pool<\/h5>\n<p><small> \u2014 <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Hupel 1818<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>aam, i<\/strong>, St\u00fcckfass, Ahme. +.<sup>[saksa laen]<\/sup> r.<sup>[Tallinna k]<\/sup> d.<sup>[Tartu k]<\/sup> <\/small><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h5>Wiedemann 1893<\/h5>\n<p><small> <strong>\u0101m<\/strong> <em>G<\/em>. <strong>\u0101mi<\/strong> (h\u0101m), <em>Ahm, Fass, St\u00fcckfass<\/em>, *oks-\u0101. <em>Oxhoft<\/em>. <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69dbcef030fda-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69dbcef030fda-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69dbcef030fda-collapse\">Sagedus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69dbcef030fda-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69dbcef030fda-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><small>10 000 tekstis\u00f5na kohta<\/small><\/p>\n<p><small> 16. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n17. sajandil \u2013 0,00<br>\n18. sajandil \u2013 0,00 <\/small><\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kirjandus<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u2022 BSS = <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/bss\/index.cgi?Q=Ahm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Baltisaksa s\u00f5nastik<\/a>. (Vaadatud 27.06.2022)<br>\u2022 DWB = <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dwds.de\/wb\/dwb\/ahm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Deutsches W\u00f6rterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm<\/a>. Lfg. 1 (1852), Bd. I (1854), Sp. 191, Z. 63.<br>\u2022 ETY = Metsm\u00e4gi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik 2012. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eesti et\u00fcmoloogias\u00f5naraamat<\/a>. Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus.<br>\u2022 Schiller, Karl; L\u00fcbben, August 1875: Mittelniederdeutsches W\u00f6rterbuch. Band I. Bremen: K\u00fchtmann.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aam \u2019endisaegne vedelike, eriti veini m\u00f5\u00f5t\u00fchik; suur vaat\u2019 ilmub estikeelsetesse tekstidesse teadaolevalt alles 19. sajandi algul. Esmamaining s\u00f5nastikus on k\u00fcll juba 1660. aastal, aga mitte t\u00e4ie\u00f5igusliku eesti s\u00f5nana, vaid niisuguse saksa laenuna, mida tuleks v\u00e4ltida, sest sakslastega v\u00e4hem kokku puutuvatele &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":1566,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,50,33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1367","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alamsaksa-laen","category-baltisaksa-laen","category-saksa-laen"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1367","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1367"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1367\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2815,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1367\/revisions\/2815"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1367"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1367"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/vaks\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1367"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}