{"id":9,"date":"2024-04-04T07:05:24","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T04:05:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/mais-0\/"},"modified":"2024-05-24T13:24:42","modified_gmt":"2024-05-24T10:24:42","slug":"mais-0","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/mais-0\/","title":{"rendered":"Mais"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_47\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-47\" style=\"width: 540px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-47\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/fotor_1614024199472.jpg\" alt=\"Maisit\u00f5lvik\" width=\"540\" height=\"236\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/fotor_1614024199472.jpg 1298w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/fotor_1614024199472-300x131.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/fotor_1614024199472-1024x447.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/fotor_1614024199472-768x335.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-47\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maisit\u00f5lvik. Autor: Daily Harjaks<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Mais<\/strong>\u00a0on p\u00e4rit Kesk-Ameerikast, kus seda hakati kasvatama umbes\u00a07000 aastat tagasi. Euroopasse j\u00f5udis mais 16. sajandil, Eestis hakati kasvatama 19. sajandil. Harilik mais on <strong>valgusn\u00f5udlik ja soojalembene taim <\/strong>ning seda kasvatatakse peaaegu kogu maakeral. <strong>Mais on k\u00f5ige enam toodetav teravili maailmas.<\/strong> Maisi tarbitakse \u00fcle maailma: USA k\u00f5rval on olulisteks\u00a0tarbijateks Hiina, Brasiilia, Mehhiko, Venemaa, Ukraina ja L\u00f5una-Aafrika. <strong>Ka Eestis\u00a0kasvatatakse maisi,<\/strong> kuid meie kliima ei ole teriste valmimiseks igal aastal sobiv ja seet\u00f5ttu kasvatatakse maisi pigem loomadele s\u00f6\u00f6daks. <strong>Mais kasvab keskmiselt 2-3 meetri\u00a0k\u00f5rguseks,<\/strong> harva ka kuni 6 meetri k\u00f5rguseks.\u00a0<strong>Maisiterised arenevad t\u00f5lvikus, mille pikkus v\u00f5ib olla 15-30 cm. <\/strong>Meile <strong>k\u00f5ige tuntum on kollane mais,<\/strong> kuid on olemas ka valget, lillat, sinist, oran\u017ei, punast\u00a0ja koguni musta maisi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Maisi peetakse gluteenivabaks, mis t\u00e4hendab, et mais <strong>ei sisalda liimvalku ehk gluteeni.<\/strong> Seet\u00f5ttu sobib mais tarbimiseks ka inimestele, kelle esineb ts\u00f6liaakia. Tegemist on tervisliku seisundiga, kus organism ei talu ega seedi gluteeni.\u00a0Mais sisaldab suurel hulgal vett, lisaks s\u00fcsivesikuid (17-20%), valke (3-10%),\u00a0mineraalaineid (enim kaltsiumi, magneesiumi, kaaliumi ja fosforit) ja vitamiine (A-, B-, C-, E-, K-vitamiinid).\u00a0 K\u00f5ige v\u00e4hem on maisis toidurasvasid, 1-5%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Maisi kasutatakse\u00a0<strong>v\u00e4rske\u00a0maisit\u00f5lvikuna, konserveeritud teradena, maisijahuna, maisimannana, maisihelvestena, purustatud maisitangudena, maisit\u00e4rklisena, kliidena.<\/strong>\u00a0K\u00f5ige p\u00f5nevam on l\u00f5henev mais: rahvap\u00e4raselt kutsutakse popkorniks v\u00f5i <strong>plaksumaisiks.<\/strong> L\u00f5henev mais on\u00a0v\u00e4ikeste k\u00f5vade t\u00f5lvikute ja teristega mais, mille terad kuumutamisel paisuvad. Tema erip\u00e4ra on ebaproportsionaalselt suur tuum ja sellest tulenev suur t\u00e4rklisesisaldus, l\u00e4ikiv ning tugev kest. Kui maisiteri kiiresti kuumutada, aurustub tuumas olev vesi ning tekkiv r\u00f5hk l\u00f6\u00f6b kesta plaksuga l\u00f5hki. Siit ka nimetus plaksumais.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Maisiidust pressitakse <strong>toidu\u00f5li.\u00a0<\/strong>Maisist valmistatakse veel <strong>siirupit, autok\u00fctust<\/strong> (etanooli), <strong>kummi, plastmassi, gaasi, riiet.<\/strong>\u00a0Tooreid maisiteri\u00a0 ja ka konserveeritud maisi lisatakse suppidesse, k\u00f6\u00f6giviljaroogadele, hautistele ja kastmetele. Keedetud, k\u00fcpsetatud v\u00f5i aurutatud v\u00e4rsket maisi pakutakse lisandina p\u00f5hitoidu juurde v\u00f5i salatites. Maisimannast ja maisihelvestest valmistatakse n\u00e4iteks putrusid ja\u00a0magustoite.\u00a0Maisijahust valmistatakse n\u00e4iteks tortiljasid\u00a0(Mehhiko pannileivad). Maisijahu sobib ka kastmete, p\u00fcreesuppide ja kissellide paksendamiseks, pudru valmistamiseks, aga ka muretaigna tegemiseks. <strong>Maisimanna ehk polenta <\/strong>saadakse maisiterade peenestamisel.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">J\u00e4rgmistes videotes n\u00e4ed, kuidas kasvab maisip\u00f5ld Eestimaal, milline on valmimisj\u00e4rgus kooritud maisit\u00f5lvik ja valminud teristega\u00a0t\u00f5lvik. Videod on filmitud 2020. aasta suvel, Saarde vallas, P\u00e4rnumaal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>Varava,\u00a0Pitsi, Magerramov &amp; Arund 2020; Yankah, Intiful &amp; Tette 2020; Kimeera &amp; Sucharitha 2019; Prasanthi, Naveena, Vishnuvardhana Rao &amp;\u00a0 Bhaskarachary\u00a0 2017; Pink 2008; MES N\u00f5uandeteenistus s.a.; Veski Mati \u00f5petab. s.a.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mais\u00a0on p\u00e4rit Kesk-Ameerikast, kus seda hakati kasvatama umbes\u00a07000 aastat tagasi. Euroopasse j\u00f5udis mais 16. sajandil, Eestis hakati kasvatama 19. sajandil. Harilik mais on valgusn\u00f5udlik ja soojalembene taim ning seda kasvatatakse peaaegu kogu maakeral. Mais on k\u00f5ige enam toodetav teravili maailmas. &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":247,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/247"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":343,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9\/revisions\/343"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}