{"id":8,"date":"2024-04-04T07:05:24","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T04:05:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/hirss\/"},"modified":"2024-05-24T13:23:23","modified_gmt":"2024-05-24T10:23:23","slug":"hirss","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/hirss\/","title":{"rendered":"Hirss"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_45\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-45\" style=\"width: 440px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-45\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/harilik_hirss.jpg\" alt=\"Harilik hirss\" width=\"440\" height=\"330\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/harilik_hirss.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/harilik_hirss-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/harilik_hirss-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/harilik_hirss-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/harilik_hirss-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-45\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Harilik hirss. Allikas: https:\/\/pixabay.com\/photos\/millet-cultivation-cereals-177519\/<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Hirssi <\/strong>peetakse\u00a0maailma k\u00f5ige vanemaks teadaolevaks\u00a0teraviljakultuuriks, mida kasvatati Aasias ja P\u00f5hja-Aafrikas eelajaloolistest aegadest, kuid ei teata, kust see t\u00e4pselt p\u00e4rineb.\u00a0Hiinas on hirssi kultuurtaimena kasvatatud ligi 10 000 aastat. Euroopas tarvitati hirssi laialdaselt keskajal, enne kartuli ja maisi tulekut. Ida-Euroopas on hirss siiani populaarne. <strong>Hirss eelistab kasvada kuivemas<\/strong> troopilises ja l\u00e4histroopilises kliimav\u00f6\u00f6tmes ja <strong>talub h\u00e4sti p\u00f5uda, k\u00f5rgeid \u00f5hutemperatuure.<\/strong>\u00a0Hirss on oluline toiduaine aafriklastele, hiinlastele, slaavlastele ja hindudele. Hirssi kasutatakse ka loomas\u00f6\u00f6dana.\u00a0<strong>Eestis hirssi ei kasva<\/strong>\u00a0ja seda teravilja s\u00fc\u00fcakse meil \u00fcsna v\u00e4he.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Hirsil on palju erinevaid sorte,<\/strong> tuntumad on n\u00e4iteks harilik hirss, itaalia kukeleib, v\u00e4ike hirss. <strong>Harilikul hirsil<\/strong>\u00a0on avatud, hargnevad ja <strong>rippuvad viljapead.<\/strong> <strong>Hirsitera<\/strong> on v\u00e4ike ja peaaegu \u00fcmmargune, kollast\u00a0v\u00e4rvi, h\u00e4sti m\u00e4rgatava pruuni idut\u00e4piga. Hirsil on tugev maitse, mis\u00a0ei pruugi k\u00f5igile meeldida.\u00a0Hirssi on v\u00e4ga kerge seedida, kuna ei <strong>sisalda teraliimi ehk gluteeni.<\/strong> Gluteeni puudumise t\u00f5ttu sobib hirss ka inimestele, kes p\u00f5evad ts\u00f6liaakiat. Tegemist on tervisliku seisundiga, kus organism ei talu ega seedi gluteeni.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_46\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-46\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-46\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210227_100710-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Hirsitang\" width=\"360\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210227_100710-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210227_100710-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210227_100710-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210227_100710-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210227_100710-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210227_100710-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210227_100710-2048x2048.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210227_100710-1920x1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-46\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hirsitangud. Autor: Daily Harjaks<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hirsis leidub lisaks s\u00fcsivesikutele (70-75%) valke (10-12%), toidurasvasid (4-5%), B-grupi vitamiine ja mineraalaineid (enim kaaliumi, fosforit ja magneesiumi).\u00a0K\u00f5ige v\u00e4hem on hirsiterades ja nendest tehtud toodetes toidurasvu.<br>\nHirssi kasutatakse toitudes <strong>tangudena, kruupidena, helvestena ja\u00a0jahuna<\/strong>. Enne keetmist <strong>hirsiterasid kupatatakse<\/strong> \u2013 terad lastakse rohkes vees korraks keema, vesi valatakse \u00e4ra ja loputatakse terad veel \u00fcle. Nii eemaldatakse hirsil pisut kibe maitse. Hirsist keedetakse putru, lisatakse suppidesse, omlettidesse, pudingutesse, m\u00fcslisse jne. Hirsipuder on hea tsingi- ja vaseallikas. Hirss sobib h\u00e4sti\u00a0idandamiseks. Kuivatatud, jahvatatud, idandatud hirssi kasutatakse k\u00fcpsetiste rikastamiseks koos nisu- v\u00f5i riisijahuga. Hirsitangu kasutatakse ka joogit\u00f6\u00f6stuses. Kui hirssi v\u00e4heses \u00f5lis kuumutada v\u00f5i r\u00f6stida, tekib talle meeldiv p\u00e4hkli maitse.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Varava, Pitsi, Magerramov &amp; Arund 2020; Ambati &amp;\u00a0Sucharitha 2019; Kimeera &amp; Sucharitha 2019;\u00a0Pink 2008;\u00a0Veski Mati \u00f5petab. s.a.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hirssi peetakse\u00a0maailma k\u00f5ige vanemaks teadaolevaks\u00a0teraviljakultuuriks, mida kasvatati Aasias ja P\u00f5hja-Aafrikas eelajaloolistest aegadest, kuid ei teata, kust see t\u00e4pselt p\u00e4rineb.\u00a0Hiinas on hirssi kultuurtaimena kasvatatud ligi 10 000 aastat. Euroopas tarvitati hirssi laialdaselt keskajal, enne kartuli ja maisi tulekut. Ida-Euroopas on hirss &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":247,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/247"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":340,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8\/revisions\/340"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}