{"id":38,"date":"2024-04-04T07:05:27","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T04:05:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/rukis\/"},"modified":"2024-04-26T09:36:02","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T06:36:02","slug":"rukis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/rukis\/","title":{"rendered":"Rukis"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_155\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-155\" style=\"width: 372px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-155\" style=\"float: right; margin: 10px;\" title=\"Rukis. Autor: Daily Harjaks\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210326_1647071-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Rukis tera ja viljapea\" width=\"372\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210326_1647071-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210326_1647071-300x290.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210326_1647071-1024x991.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210326_1647071-768x743.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210326_1647071-1536x1486.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210326_1647071-2048x1981.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/479\/20210326_1647071-1920x1857.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-155\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rukis. Autor: Daily Harjaks<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Rukis<\/strong> p\u00e4rineb Aasia edelaosast. Eestis tunti\u00a0rukist juba 4.-5. sajandil, kuid\u00a0omaette kultuurina hakati seda kasvatama alles 11. sajandil. T\u00e4nap\u00e4eval on rukis oluliseks toiduteraviljaks P\u00f5hjamaades, Ida-Euroopas ja Skandinaavias. Rukkil on k\u00fcmneid liike ja palju sorte, ta on <strong>v\u00e4hen\u00f5udlik pinnase suhtes ja k\u00fclmakindel,<\/strong> mist\u00f5ttu sobib p\u00f5hjamaises kliimas h\u00e4sti kasvatamiseks. S\u00f6\u00f6giks\u00a0kasvatatakse harilikku rukist, on olemas nii tali- kui ka suvirukis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Rukki k\u00f5rs<\/strong> on keskmiselt 90-200 cm pikkune. <strong>Rukki ohted<\/strong> \u2013 n\u00f5eljad moodustised viljapeal \u2013 on l\u00fchemad kui odral.\u00a0Rukis sisaldab peamiselt s\u00fcsivesikuid (75-77%), v\u00e4hem valke (10-12%), lisaks v\u00e4ikeses koguses toidurasvasid. Samuti sisaldab rukis kasulikke mineraalaineid (enim kaaliumi,\u00a0kaltsiumi ja fosforit) ja erinevaid vitamiine (K-, E-, B-vitamiinid). Rukkitoodete tervislikkust seostatakse eelk\u00f5ige suure kiudainete sisaldusega.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">V\u00f5imalikud tooted rukkist: <strong>terad, tangud, kruubid, manna, jahu,\u00a0helbed, kliid.<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Rukki teradest<\/strong> jahvatatakse eri j\u00e4medusega <strong>jahusid<\/strong>: t\u00e4istera-, rukkikroov- ja rukkip\u00fc\u00fclijahu. J\u00e4medama jahvatusega t\u00e4isterajahus sisalduvad ka rukkitera kiudainerohked v\u00e4liskestad.\u00a0Rukkijahu lisatakse ka mitmete toodete sisse, n\u00e4iteks erinevad k\u00fcpsetised ja kama. Kama\u00a0on traditsiooniline Eesti jahutoit. Rukkikama valmistatakse rukki-, odra- ja\u00a0hernejahust. Teraviljatoodete puhul tuleks eelistada t\u00e4isteratooteid. <strong>T\u00e4isteratooted<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>sisaldavad rohkesti\u00a0kiudaineid,\u00a0mineraalaineid\u00a0ja erinevaid vitamiine. T\u00e4isteratooted hoiavad k\u00f5hu kauem t\u00e4is ja aitavad v\u00e4ltida n\u00e4ljatunnet.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Rukis on Eesti rahvusvili <\/strong>ning t\u00e4hendab meie rahvale ennek\u00f5ike igap\u00e4evast leiba. Leivategemisel t\u00f5rjus rukis k\u00f5ik teised teraviljad v\u00e4lja, kuna suure loodusliku suhkrusisalduse t\u00f5ttu hapnes rukkitaigen h\u00e4sti ja leib s\u00e4ilis kaua. Suurtes peredes k\u00fcpsetati leiba pikaks ajaks ette, leivad olid \u00fcmmargused ja kaalusid isegi 6-12 kilo. Leiba hoiti, temast lauldi, leivaga v\u00f5eti vastu kalleid k\u00fclalisi. Siiani minnakse leivaga uut kodu sisse \u00f5nnistama ehk viiakse soola ja leiba.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">T\u00e4isteraleib t\u00e4hendab, et v\u00e4hemalt 50% kasutatud teraviljast on t\u00e4istera. T\u00e4isterarukkileib on v\u00e4ga hea kiudainete allikas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Allj\u00e4rgnevas videos n\u00e4ed, milline n\u00e4eb v\u00e4lja rukkip\u00f5ld. Video on filmitud suvel 2021, Kambja vallas, Tartumaal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>Varava, Pitsi, Magerramov &amp; Arund\u00a02020;\u00a0Ahjualuse leivaraamat 2018; Fr\u00f8lich, \u00c5man &amp; Tetens 2013; Jankovski &amp; Kuresoo 2013;\u00a0MES N\u00f5uandeteenistus\u00a0s.a.;\u00a0Veski Mati \u00f5petab.\u00a0s.a.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rukis p\u00e4rineb Aasia edelaosast. Eestis tunti\u00a0rukist juba 4.-5. sajandil, kuid\u00a0omaette kultuurina hakati seda kasvatama alles 11. sajandil. T\u00e4nap\u00e4eval on rukis oluliseks toiduteraviljaks P\u00f5hjamaades, Ida-Euroopas ja Skandinaavias. Rukkil on k\u00fcmneid liike ja palju sorte, ta on v\u00e4hen\u00f5udlik pinnase suhtes ja k\u00fclmakindel, &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":247,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-38","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/247"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":322,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38\/revisions\/322"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/teravili\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}