{"id":222,"date":"2024-04-04T06:43:36","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T03:43:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/exercise-1-narrative-and-counter-narrative\/"},"modified":"2024-06-21T08:55:46","modified_gmt":"2024-06-21T05:55:46","slug":"exercise-1-narrative-and-counter-narrative","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module2\/exercises-1\/exercise-1-narrative-and-counter-narrative\/","title":{"rendered":"Exercise 1: Narrative and counter-narrative"},"content":{"rendered":"<nav style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400;\" class=\"has-background has-light-background-color has-regular-font-size is-responsive items-justified-left mb-1 mt-1 wp-block-navigation is-horizontal is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-navigation-is-layout-c39e78a4 wp-block-navigation-is-layout-flex\" aria-label=\"History and counter-history: Roma and historical narrative(s)\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" 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has-light-background-color has-regular-font-size is-responsive items-justified-left mb-1 mt-1 wp-block-navigation has-regular-font-size\"><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module2\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">History and counter-history: Roma and historical narrative(s)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module2\/methodological-explanation-1\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Methodological explanation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li data-wp-context='{ \"submenuOpenedBy\": { \"click\": false, \"hover\": false, \"focus\": false }, \"type\": \"submenu\", \"modal\": null, \"previousFocus\": null }' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-regular-font-size has-child open-on-click wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Presentation of the topic submenu\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Presentation of the topic<\/span><\/button><span class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><ul data-wp-on--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module2\/presentation-topic-0\/movie-people-uncounted\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Movie: A people uncounted<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module2\/presentation-topic-0\/roma-history-and-counter-history\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Roma history and counter-history<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module2\/presentation-topic-0\/references-further-reading\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">References, further reading<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-wp-context='{ \"submenuOpenedBy\": { \"click\": false, \"hover\": false, \"focus\": false }, \"type\": \"submenu\", \"modal\": null, \"previousFocus\": null }' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-regular-font-size has-child open-on-click wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Exercises submenu\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Exercises<\/span><\/button><span class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><ul data-wp-on--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module2\/exercises-1\/exercise-2-voices-victims-counter-storytelling\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">H-Exercise 2: Voices of the victims \u2013 counter-storytelling<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module2\/exercises-1\/exercise-1-narrative-and-counter-narrative\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Exercise 1: Narrative and counter-narrative<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module2\/exercises-1\/exercise-3-forms-resistance\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Exercise 3: Forms of resistance<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module2\/exercises-1\/exercise-4-importance-remembrance\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Exercise 4: Importance of remembrance<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/nav>\n\n<p>\n\tInterpretation of history matters. It is still common to present history as detached from individuals, as if historical events were destined to happen with no participation of people, leading to a statist narrative. Moreover, numerous groups \u2014 usually minority groups \u2014 have been erased from history or reduced to a few mentions. These trends contribute to a view of history that deprives people of agency and tends to prioritize the voice of the dominant groups. Human agency usually refers to one\u2019s ability to act, decide and make choices.<br>\u00a0\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\n\t<br>The two excerpts clearly approach the topic differently. In the excerpt titled as \u201cnarrative,\u201d the focus is on Roma as victims of the Holocaust, without mentioning their opposition to discrimination. This description renders Roma as powerless. The second, \u201ccounter-narrative\u201d focuses on the brave reaction of Roma; recognizing the oppressive political and economic climate of the Holocaust, the article nevertheless shows instances of bravery and resistance that highlight agency and strength of the Roma. The difference in emphasis has significant implications for how students view the group \u2013 powerless or empowered. \u00a0\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tVarious initiatives have begun to develop counter-narratives to challenge the dominant historical rhetoric and empower Roma. Inclusion of Roma voices is a central goal for constructing counter-narratives. In this case, history is not so much \u201cwritten by the winners\u201d, but rather it is written by the dominant groups, excluding minorities like the Roma. One example of such initiative is the earlier mentioned RomArchive, which is a unique collection of knowledge about Roma. RomaArchive highlights the particular importance of constructing counter-narratives for understanding the Roma Holocaust:\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tFor decades, the one-sided and defamatory sources of the perpetrators have dominated the historical account of the NS persecution. To be found in large numbers in archives and libraries, those sources are easily accessible for researchers. They form the basis for publications that, in turn, lay the groundwork for other publications, thereby perpetuating the stigmatisation of Sinti and Roma. Moreover, perpetrator sources provide no information, as a rule, about the actual motive or practice of persecution. The testimonies of those directly affected are not only a corrective to the perpetrator perspective; they also allow new insights into the process of persecution.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\" title=\"\">[1]<\/a>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tOverall, this exercise stresses the importance of de-constructing historical narratives and re-thinking them by incorporating the experience of minority groups. A closer analysis of how groups such as Roma reacted to historical oppression reveals that there were many instances of heroism and resistance \u2014 these voices, however, were not often heard.<br>\u00a0\n<\/p>\n<h4>\n\tQuestions for discussion<br>\n<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n\t\tHow would you describe the following concepts based on the two descriptions (narrative and counter-narrative) using some of the following adjectives:\n<ul>\n<li>\n\t\t\t\tpowerful and powerless,\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\t\t\timpenetrable,\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\t\t\tweak and strong,\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\t\t\tcollective,\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\t\t\tresisting and brave.\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tWho has and who does not have agency in the two narratives? Why does it matter to have agency?\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n\t\u00a0\n<hr size=\"1\">\n<div id=\"ftn3\">\n<p>\n\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:10px\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\" title=\"\">[1]<\/a> Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.romarchive.eu\/en\/voices-of-the-victims\/in-ones-own-voice\/\">https:\/\/www.romarchive.eu\/en\/voices-of-the-victims\/in-ones-own-voice\/<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Interpretation of history matters. It is still common to present history as detached from individuals, as if historical events were destined to happen with no participation of people, leading to a statist narrative. Moreover, numerous groups \u2014 usually minority groups &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":240,"featured_media":0,"parent":220,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-222","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/222","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/240"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=222"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/222\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2240,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/222\/revisions\/2240"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}