{"id":185,"date":"2024-04-04T06:43:32","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T03:43:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/exercise-i\/"},"modified":"2024-06-18T16:35:03","modified_gmt":"2024-06-18T13:35:03","slug":"exercise-i","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module1\/presentation-topic\/exercises\/exercise-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Exercise 1: Are there universal norms?"},"content":{"rendered":"<nav style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400;\" class=\"has-background has-light-background-color has-regular-font-size is-responsive items-justified-left mb-1 mt-1 wp-block-navigation is-horizontal is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-navigation-is-layout-c39e78a4 wp-block-navigation-is-layout-flex\" aria-label=\"Quick judgement vs reasoning. 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How does morality work?<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module1\/methodological-explanation\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Methodological explanation<\/span><\/a><\/li><li data-wp-context='{ \"submenuOpenedBy\": { \"click\": false, \"hover\": false, \"focus\": false }, \"type\": \"submenu\", \"modal\": null, \"previousFocus\": null }' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-regular-font-size has-child open-on-click wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Presentation of the topic submenu\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Presentation of the topic<\/span><\/button><span class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><ul data-wp-on--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module1\/presentation-topic\/part-i\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Movie: The moral roots of liberals and conservatives<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module1\/presentation-topic\/part-ii\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Making moral decisions<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module1\/presentation-topic\/references\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">References<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-wp-context='{ \"submenuOpenedBy\": { \"click\": false, \"hover\": false, \"focus\": false }, \"type\": \"submenu\", \"modal\": null, \"previousFocus\": null }' data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\" data-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item has-regular-font-size has-child open-on-click wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><button data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isMenuOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggleMenuOnClick\" aria-label=\"Exercises submenu\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Exercises<\/span><\/button><span class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M1.50002 4L6.00002 8L10.5 4\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><ul data-wp-on--focus=\"actions.openMenuOnFocus\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__submenu-container wp-block-navigation-submenu\"><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module1\/presentation-topic\/exercises\/exercise-i\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Exercise 1: Are there universal norms?<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module1\/presentation-topic\/exercises\/exercise-ii\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Exercise 2: Why people differ on moral rules?<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/e-modules\/e-module1\/presentation-topic\/exercises\/exercise-3\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Exercise 3: Can morality be measured?<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/nav>\n\n<h4>\n\tTime:<br>\n<\/h4>\n<p>\n\t30 min<br>\u00a0\n<\/p>\n<h4>\n\tThe goals of this exercise:<br>\n<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n\t\tto teach students the basic concepts related to social rules,\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tto make them aware that rules can be relativized,\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tto make them aware that people can differ on moral rules<br>\u00a0\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\n\tTeaching methods<br>\n<\/h4>\n<p>\n\tDiscussion<br>\u00a0\n<\/p>\n<h4>\n\tInstruction for teacher<br>\n<\/h4>\n<p>\n\tDiscuss with students the key concepts: <a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/book\/part-ii\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/book\/part-ii\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">rules, norms and values, as well as their relativization<\/a> (situational and personal). Ask if there are any rules that are universal and cannot be relativized. Once you have an example from the class you can ask the rest of the students, if the rule can be somehow relativized. You can also suggest possible ways to relativize it. To start the discussion, you can propose an example that is easy to relativize and later invite students to come up with their own examples, e.g.:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n\t\trule: thou shalt not kill\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tsituational relativization: you can kill in self-defense\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tpersonal relativization: you can kill if you work as an executioner in a jail<br>\u00a0\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\n\tCommentary<br>\n<\/h4>\n<p>\n\tStudents might come up with rules that refer to biology (e.g. you have to breath in order to live) and therefore are not really social rules. In some cases, you might reach a disagreement between the students, e.g. prohibition of torture: some will claim that tortures should be prohibited, as they are against human dignity, some will justify torture, e.g. when the tortured person has information crucial to save other people (e.g. has set a bomb and does not reveal the place where it is located). Often the core of these discussions depends on the values that the participants believe in (e.g. one will support access to abortion on the grounds of leaving the choice to the woman, while another might disagree believing that one shall not kill a child).\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tBy discussing different examples and different ways of explanation whether they are universal or not, you can show the students that:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n\t\tthere are hardly any universal norms, i.e. norms that cannot be relativized under any circumstances\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tpeople differ on what norms are universal.\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tin case of moral norms, these differences can lead to clashes or conflicts, as moral norms are linked to judgements on what is right and what is wrong.\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Time: 30 min\u00a0 The goals of this exercise: to teach students the basic concepts related to social rules, to make them aware that rules can be relativized, to make them aware that people can differ on moral rules\u00a0 Teaching methods &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":240,"featured_media":0,"parent":183,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-185","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/185","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/240"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=185"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/185\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1875,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/185\/revisions\/1875"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/sensiclass\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=185"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}