{"id":40,"date":"2024-04-04T00:12:02","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T21:12:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/samm\/spss\/"},"modified":"2025-09-17T17:46:09","modified_gmt":"2025-09-17T14:46:09","slug":"spss","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/samm\/spss\/","title":{"rendered":"SPSS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>Andu R\u00e4mmer<\/strong><\/span><br>\n<span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>2014<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>IBM SPSS Statistics on sotsiaalteaduslike andmete anal\u00fc\u00fcsiprogramm, mis v\u00f5imaldab hallata andmeid ning viia l\u00e4bi erinevaid statistilisi anal\u00fc\u00fcse mugavas graafilises keskkonnas. T\u00f6\u00f6tamine SPSSis toimub Windows keskkonnale omastes dialoogiakendes. Andmete sisestuse kohta vaata l\u00e4hemalt ka <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.uttv.ee\/naita?id=21477\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00f5ppevideot<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de5cf480c54-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de5cf480c54-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de5cf480c54-collapse\">Sissejuhatus t\u00f6\u00f6keskkonda<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de5cf480c54-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de5cf480c54-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p>Andmeaken pakub v\u00f5imalusi andmete kirjeldamiseks, sisestamiseks, redigeerimiseks ning kuvamiseks. Andmeakent on v\u00f5imalik kuvada kahes alternatiivses re\u017eiimis, kas andmekirjelduslehena (Joonised 2 ja 3) v\u00f5i andmelehena (Joonis 4).\u00a0 Andmekirjelduslehel (<em>Variable View<\/em>) on v\u00f5imalik lisada ja redigeerida tunnuste kirjeldusi, andmelehel (<em>Data View<\/em>) kaudu aga sisestada ja korrigeerida andmete v\u00e4\u00e4rtusi.<\/p>\n<p>Anal\u00fc\u00fcside tulemused kuvatakse SPSSis tulemilehele (<em>Output<\/em>). Kogenud kasutajatele pakub SPSSi s\u00fcntaksiaken (<em>Syntax Editor<\/em>) v\u00f5imalust dialoogiakendes koostatud k\u00e4sud (klikkides nupule Paste) s\u00fcntaksi lehele suunata, kus saab neid vajadusel redigeerida, k\u00e4ivitada ning salvestada korduvaks kasutamiseks. Samuti on s\u00fcntaksi abil v\u00f5imalus kirjutada ka m\u00f5ningaid keerulisemaid k\u00e4ske, mida men\u00fc\u00fcdest avanevad dialoogiaknad ei paku.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Alustamine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Programmi k\u00e4ivitamisel avaneb \u00a0erinevaid alustamise v\u00f5imalusi pakkuv dialoogiaken (Joonis 1), kus on v\u00f5imalik valida \u00f5ppeprogrammi (<em>Tutorial<\/em>) k\u00e4ivitamise, t\u00fchja andmelehe avamise, olemasoleva p\u00e4ringu k\u00e4ivitamise, oma p\u00e4ringu loomise, olemasoleva andmefaili v\u00f5i muu olemasoleva faili (nt varem loodud tulemifaili v\u00f5i s\u00fcntaksi) avamise vahel.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_380\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-380\" style=\"width: 566px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-380\" title=\"Joonis 1. SPSSi (versioon 20.0) dialoogiaken\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon1.png\" alt=\"Joonis 1. SPSSi (versioon 20.0) dialoogiaken\" width=\"566\" height=\"414\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon1.png 566w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon1-300x219.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 566px) 100vw, 566px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-380\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joonis 1. SPSSi (versioon 20.0) dialoogiaken<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Sisestusmakett<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Enne andmete sisestamist on m\u00f5istlik luua Joonisel 2 kujutatud t\u00fchja andmeaknasse andmete kogumisel kasutatud k\u00fcsimustiku alusel andmestikku kuuluvaid tunnuseid kirjeldav sisestusmakett. Seda on m\u00f5istlik alustada tunnuste kirjeldamisest, klikkides andmeakna vasakus alumises nurgas andmekirjelduslehele suunavale sildile (<em>Variable View<\/em>). Joonistel 2 ja 3 kujutatud andmekirjelduslehel on v\u00f5imalik andmestikku hallata: lisada uusi tunnuseid, kustutada ning \u00fcmber nimetada olemasolevaid.<\/p>\n<p>Iga tunnust kirjeldab andmekirjelduslehel \u00fcks rida. Kui andmekirjelduslehel esitatakse tunnused ridades (Joonis 3), siis andmelehel kuvatakse nad veergudes (Joonis 4).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_381\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-381\" style=\"width: 635px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-381\" title=\"Joonis 2. SPSSi andmekirjeldusleht\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon2-1.png\" alt=\"Joonis 2. SPSSi andmekirjeldusleht\" width=\"635\" height=\"171\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon2-1.png 635w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon2-1-300x81.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-381\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joonis 2. SPSSi andmekirjeldusleht<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de5cf480c62-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de5cf480c62-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de5cf480c62-collapse\">Kirjeldavate arvn\u00e4itajate leidmine<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de5cf480c62-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de5cf480c62-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><span style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\">Kirjeldavaid arvn\u00e4itajaid (sagedusjaotused, kirjeldavad statistikud, risttabelid) arvutatakse Joonisel 3 kujutatud kirjeldava statistika men\u00fc\u00fcdest valitavate tellimisnimetuste (nt sagedusjaotused (<em>Frequencies<\/em>), kirjeldavad statistikud (<em>Descriptives<\/em>), risttabelid (<em>Crosstabs<\/em>)) alusel avanevate dialoogiakende abil (Joonis 4).<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_382\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-382\" style=\"width: 655px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-382\" title=\"Joonis 3. Kirjeldavate arvn\u00e4itajate leidmine SPSSi abil\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon3-1.png\" alt=\"Joonis 3. Kirjeldavate arvn\u00e4itajate leidmine SPSSi abil\" width=\"655\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon3-1.png 655w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon3-1-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-382\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joonis 3. Kirjeldavate arvn\u00e4itajate leidmine SPSSi abil<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>SPSSis on men\u00fc\u00fcde ja dialoogiakende abil v\u00f5imalik enamus tegevustest sooritada mugavalt hiirega klikkides.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_383\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-383\" style=\"width: 628px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-383\" title=\"Joonis 4. Dialoogiakende kasutamine SPSSis kirjeldavate arvn\u00e4itajate leidmisel\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon4-1.png\" alt=\"Joonis 4. Dialoogiakende kasutamine SPSSis kirjeldavate arvn\u00e4itajate leidmisel\" width=\"628\" height=\"377\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon4-1.png 628w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon4-1-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-383\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joonis 4. Dialoogiakende kasutamine SPSSis kirjeldavate arvn\u00e4itajate leidmisel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Joonised<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ka jooniste tegemiseks kasutatakse graafikamen\u00fc\u00fcdest avanevaid dialoogiaknaid (Joonis 5). SPSSi graafikamoodul v\u00f5imaldab esitada andmeid tulpdiagrammina (<em>Bar<\/em>), ruumilise tulpdiagrammina (<em>3-D Bar<\/em>), joondiagrammina (<em>Line<\/em>), pinddiagrammina (<em>Area<\/em>), ringdiagrammina (<em>Pie<\/em>), haardediagrammina (<em>High-Low<\/em>), karpdiagrammina (<em>Boxplot<\/em>), vahemikdiagrammina (<em>Error Bar<\/em>), populatsiooni p\u00fcramiidina (<em>Population Pyramid<\/em>), hajuvusdiagrammina (<em>Scatter\/Dot<\/em>) ja histogrammina (<em>Histogram<\/em>).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_384\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-384\" style=\"width: 676px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-384\" title=\"Joonis 5. SPSSi graafikamen\u00fc\u00fc\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon5-1.png\" alt=\"Joonis 5. SPSSi graafikamen\u00fc\u00fc\" width=\"676\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon5-1.png 676w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon5-1-300x138.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 676px) 100vw, 676px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-384\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joonis 5. SPSSi graafikamen\u00fc\u00fc<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Tulemileht<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>K\u00f5ik SPSSis tehtud arvutused kuvatakse Joonisel 6 kujutatud tulemilehele. Tulemileht on jagatud kaheks osaks. Vasakul kuvatakse teie poolt tehtud arvutuste j\u00e4rjestus, paremal n\u00e4ete neile vastavaid tabeleid, jooniseid ja muid v\u00e4ljundeid.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_385\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-385\" style=\"width: 688px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-385\" title=\"Joonis 6. SPSSi tulemileht\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon6.png\" alt=\"Joonis 6. SPSSi tulemileht\" width=\"688\" height=\"462\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon6.png 688w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/110\/jon6-300x201.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-385\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joonis 6. SPSSi tulemileht<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>T\u00e4nu oma k\u00e4ep\u00e4rasele graafilisele keskkonnale on SPSS mugavaks abimeheks andmeanal\u00fc\u00fcsi l\u00e4biviimisel.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de5cf480c67-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de5cf480c67-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de5cf480c67-collapse\">Soovitatav kirjandus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de5cf480c67-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de5cf480c67-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p>Brace, N., Snelgar, R. ja Kemp, R. (2012). <em>SPSS for Psychologists<\/em>. London: Routledge.<\/p>\n<p>Cleophas, T. J. ja Zwinderman, A. H. (2010). <em>SPSS for Starters<\/em>. Dordrecht: Springer Science. http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007%2F978-90-481-9519-0.pdf<\/p>\n<p>Griffith, A. (2007). <em>SPSS For Dummies<\/em>. Indianapolis: Wiley.<\/p>\n<p>Miller, R. L., Acton, C., D., A., Maltby, J., Fullerton, D. ja Campling, J. (2009) <em>SPSS for social scientists<\/em>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.<\/p>\n<p>Niglas, K. (2008). <em>Statistilise andmet\u00f6\u00f6tluse pakett SPSS 14.0: p\u00f5hikursus<\/em>. Tallinn: Tallinna \u00dclikooli Kirjastus.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e4mmer, A. (2014). <em>Andmete sisestus SPSS\u2019i<\/em>. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.uttv.ee\/naita?id=21477\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00d5ppevideo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>SPSS (n.d). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. K\u00e4ttesaadav internetist: <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SPSS\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SPSS<\/a> (k\u00fclastatud 13 jaanuaril 2015)<\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Andu R\u00e4mmer 2014 IBM SPSS Statistics on sotsiaalteaduslike andmete anal\u00fc\u00fcsiprogramm, mis v\u00f5imaldab hallata andmeid ning viia l\u00e4bi erinevaid statistilisi anal\u00fc\u00fcse mugavas graafilises keskkonnas. T\u00f6\u00f6tamine SPSSis toimub Windows keskkonnale omastes dialoogiakendes. Andmete sisestuse kohta vaata l\u00e4hemalt ka \u00f5ppevideot. Sissejuhatus t\u00f6\u00f6keskkonda Andmeaken &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-40","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/samm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/samm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/samm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/samm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/45"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/samm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/samm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2104,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/samm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40\/revisions\/2104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/samm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}