{"id":20,"date":"2024-04-04T08:01:22","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T05:01:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/rosak\/9-linuxi-terminal-failide-muutmine-2\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T08:03:58","modified_gmt":"2024-04-04T05:03:58","slug":"9-linuxi-terminal-failide-muutmine-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/rosak\/9-linuxi-terminal-failide-muutmine-2\/","title":{"rendered":"11. Linuxi terminal: programmid"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\t<strong>Selles harjutuses \u00f5pid k\u00e4ivitama k\u00e4surealt programme, neid peatama, programme k\u00e4ivitama taustal, viima taustale ja sealt tagasi tooma. Valikulises osas \u00f5pid programme peatama ka siis, kui nad t\u00f6\u00f6d l\u00f5petada ei taha, leidma protsessi ID-d, kuvama protsessori- ja m\u00e4lukasutust ja saad teada, mida teeb k\u00e4sk sudo. Harjutus eeldab, et oled l\u00e4binud Linuxi terminali navigatsiooniharjutuse ja failide muutmise harjutuse.<\/strong><br><em><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-59b4d309-7fff-211f-7bb8-892018ac3a9f\">Samm-sammulise juhendi vaatamiseks klikka harjutuse vahepealkirjadele.<\/span><\/em>\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t<\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d401d98ecc0-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d401d98ecc0-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d401d98ecc0-collapse\"><strong>1. Programmid: k\u00e4ivitamine ja peatamine<\/strong><\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d401d98ecc0-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d401d98ecc0-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n<p>\n\tAlustamiseks peaksid terminaliga olema kaustas <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">linux_intro<\/span>, mis sai loodud terminali navigatsiooniharjutuses.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>a. Sisesta k\u00e4sk <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">.\/sample_job<\/span>.<\/strong> See k\u00e4ivitab kataloogis oleva programmi <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">sample_job<\/span>.<strong>b. Vajuta <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">Ctrl+C<\/span>.<\/strong> See klahvikombinatsioon peatab terminalis suurema osa programme \u2013 j\u00e4ta see meelde ja kasuta vajadusel.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n<p>\n\t<\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d401d98ecd4-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d401d98ecd4-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d401d98ecd4-collapse\"><strong>2. Programmid: teksti redigeerimine<\/strong><\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d401d98ecd4-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d401d98ecd4-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n<p>\n\t<strong>a. Sisesta terminali k\u00e4sk <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">gedit test.txt<\/span>.<\/strong><br>N\u00e4ed, et avatakse tekstiredaktori aken, kus saad muuta faili <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">test.txt<\/span> sisu. See on enne \u00f5pitutele lisaks veel \u00fcks moodus tekstiredaktori avamiseks.<br>Sellesse terminaliaknasse aga enne tekstiredaktori sulgemist uusi k\u00e4ske sisestada ei saa. Sulge tekstiredaktori aken.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>b.<\/strong> Proovime programmi <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">gedit<\/span> terminalist avada teisiti. <strong>Sisesta k\u00e4sk <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">gedit test.txt &amp;<\/span>.<\/strong><br>See viimane &amp;-m\u00e4rk \u00fctleb terminalile, et k\u00e4sku tuleb jooksutada \u201ctaustal\u201d, st n\u00e4eme kohe ka uuesti k\u00e4suviipa ja saame sisestada uusi k\u00e4ske.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>c. Sulge tekstiredaktori aken ja sisesta siis terminali k\u00e4sk <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">ls<\/span>.<\/strong><br>Lisaks failinimekirja n\u00e4itamisele \u00fctleb terminal Sulle ka, et programm gedit on vahepeal t\u00f6\u00f6 l\u00f5petanud.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>d. Ava n\u00fc\u00fcd tekstiredaktor uuesti k\u00e4suga <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">gedit test.txt<\/span>.<\/strong><br>Tekstiredaktor avaneb uuesti ja terminali kontrollides n\u00e4eme, et uut k\u00e4suviipa ei kuvatud.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>e. Tee see terminaliaken uuesti aktiivseks ja vajuta klahvikombinatsiooni <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">Ctrl+Z<\/span>.<\/strong><br>Terminal annab Sulle teada, et gedit on peatatud. N\u00e4ed uut k\u00e4suviipa.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>f. Proovi lahtiolevat tekstiredaktori akent kasutada \u2013 n\u00e4ed, et ei saa seda teha.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>g. Tr\u00fcki terminali k\u00e4sk <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">bg<\/span>. See teeb tekstiredaktori j\u00e4lle aktiivseks.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>h. Sulge tekstiredaktori aken.<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n<hr>\n<p>\n\t<\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d401d98ecdb-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d401d98ecdb-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d401d98ecdb-collapse\"><strong>Valikuline sisu. Programmid: kontrollimatute programmide peatamine<\/strong><\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d401d98ecdb-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d401d98ecdb-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"><br>Siintoodud materjalide l\u00e4bimine ei ole kohustuslik, kuid kui teema huvitab, siis v\u00f5id ka neid proovida.\n\n<p>\n\tK\u00e4ivitame programmi, mida lihtsalt <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">Ctrl+C<\/span> kasutamisega peatada ei saa, ja siis peatame selle teiste meetoditega.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>a. Liigu kausta <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">linux_intro<\/span>.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>b. Sisesta k\u00e4sk <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">.\/sample_job sigterm<\/span>.<\/strong> See k\u00e4ivitab n\u00e4idisprogrammi uuesti, kuid veidi teistmoodi.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>c. Vajuta uuesti <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">Ctrl+C<\/span>.<\/strong> N\u00e4ed, et seekord programmi t\u00f6\u00f6 ei peatu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>d. Ava uus terminaliaken.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>e. Sisesta k\u00e4sk <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">ps ax<\/span>.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>f. Liigu aknas \u00fclespoole, kuni leiad k\u00e4su <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">python .\/sample_job sigterm<\/span>.<\/strong> See on esimeses aknas jooksev programm, mis peatuda ei taha. Antud tabelirea esimene v\u00e4li on protsessi ID \u2013 seda on meil vaja.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>g. N\u00fc\u00fcd kasuta hoopis k\u00e4sku <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">ps ax | grep sample<\/span>.<\/strong><br>N\u00e4ed, et n\u00fc\u00fcd loetletakse sulle ainult m\u00f5ned read (k\u00f5ik, mis sisaldavad s\u00f5na \u201csample\u201d). See on kasulik juhul, kui otsid m\u00f5nd kindlat programmi, nagu meie praegu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>h. Sisesta k\u00e4sk <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">kill &lt;id&gt;<\/span>,<\/strong> kus <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">&lt;id&gt;<\/span> asemele (ilma nurksulgudeta) kirjutad eelnevalt leitud protsessi ID.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>i. Vaata terminaliaknasse, kus jooksis jonnakas programm, mis peatuda ei soovinud.<\/strong> Selle t\u00f6\u00f6 on n\u00fc\u00fcd l\u00f5petatud.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>j.<\/strong> Teeme olukorra veel keerulisemaks. <strong>K\u00e4ivita jonnakas programm uuesti, seekord k\u00e4suga <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">.\/sample_job sigterm sigkill<\/span>.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>k. Proovi teisest aknast programmi uuesti peatada, leides protsessi ID k\u00e4suga <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">ps ax | grep sample<\/span> ja proovides seej\u00e4rel k\u00e4suga <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">kill<\/span> seda peatada, nagu enne.<\/strong> N\u00e4ed, et see ei t\u00f6\u00f6ta enam.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>l.<\/strong> T\u00e4iendame peatamisk\u00e4sku veidi: <strong>sisesta <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">kill -SIGKILL &lt;id&gt;<\/span>, kus <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">&lt;id&gt;<\/span> on, nagu ennegi, asendatud protsessi ID-ga.<\/strong> Selle peale peaks programm ikkagi peatuma.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n<p>\n\t<\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d401d98ece0-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d401d98ece0-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d401d98ece0-collapse\"><strong>Valikuline sisu. Programmid: protsessori- ja m\u00e4lukasutus<\/strong><\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d401d98ece0-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d401d98ece0-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n<p>\n\t<strong>a. Sisesta terminali k\u00e4sk <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">top<\/span>.<\/strong><br>N\u00e4ed tabelit, mida uuendatakse kord sekundis ja mis n\u00e4itab k\u00f5iki aktiivseid protsesse. Lisaks n\u00e4idatakse ka \u00fcldist CPU ja m\u00e4lukasutust.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>b. Vajuta klahvikombinatsiooni <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">Shift+P<\/span>.<\/strong><br>See sorteerib protsessid CPU kasutuse j\u00e4rgi ja n\u00e4itab, missugused kasutavad seda enim.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>c. Vajuta klahvikombinatsiooni <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">Shift+M<\/span>.<\/strong><br>See sorteerib protsessid m\u00e4lukasutuse j\u00e4rgi ja n\u00e4itab, missugused kasutavad seda enim.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>d. V\u00e4ljumiseks vajuta klahvi <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">q<\/span> v\u00f5i klahvikombinatsiooni <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">Ctrl+C<\/span>.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n<p>\n\t<\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d401d98ece7-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d401d98ece7-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d401d98ece7-collapse\"><strong>Valikuline sisu. Programmid: k\u00e4skude k\u00e4ivitamine juurkasutajana<\/strong><\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d401d98ece7-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d401d98ece7-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n<p>\n\t<strong>a. Tr\u00fcki terminali k\u00e4sk <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">ls -a \/root<\/span>.<\/strong><br>Terminal annab Sulle teada, et ta ei suuda selle sisu kuvada.<br>Selleks on meil vaja rohkem \u00f5iguseid: t\u00e4psemini juurkasutaja \u00f5iguseid.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>b. Selleks, et eelmist k\u00e4sku jooksutada juurkasutajana, pead k\u00e4su algusesse lisama s\u00f5na <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">sudo<\/span>.<\/strong> K\u00e4sk oleks seega <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">sudo ls -a \/root<\/span>. Selle peale k\u00fcsib terminal parooli.<br>Kui Sinu kasutajal on juurkasutaja \u00f5igused, siis saad kataloogi <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">\/root<\/span> sisu n\u00e4ha p\u00e4rast parooli sisestamist.<br>Kui Sinu kasutajal juurkasutaja \u00f5iguseid ei ole, siis sa k\u00e4ske s\u00f5naga <span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">sudo<\/span> alustada ei saa ja proovimisel kuvatakse veateade.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"os-punane\">\n<h4>\n\t\tEttevaatust!<br>\n\t<\/h4>\n<p>\n\t\t<span style=\"font-family:Courier New,Courier,monospace\">sudo<\/span> on v\u00e4ga v\u00f5imas t\u00f6\u00f6riist ja ei kontrolli, kas teed midagi m\u00f5istlikku, seega peaksid selle kasutamisel olema v\u00e4ga ettevaatlik. Enamasti ei ole seda vaja.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\t\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Selles harjutuses \u00f5pid k\u00e4ivitama k\u00e4surealt programme, neid peatama, programme k\u00e4ivitama taustal, viima taustale ja sealt tagasi tooma. Valikulises osas \u00f5pid programme peatama ka siis, kui nad t\u00f6\u00f6d l\u00f5petada ei taha, leidma protsessi ID-d, kuvama protsessori- ja m\u00e4lukasutust ja saad teada, &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":98,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-20","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/rosak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/rosak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/rosak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/rosak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/98"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/rosak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/rosak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":381,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/rosak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20\/revisions\/381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/rosak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}