{"id":1217,"date":"2019-02-09T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-02-09T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/?p=1217"},"modified":"2024-10-23T11:30:26","modified_gmt":"2024-10-23T08:30:26","slug":"pseudomonas-putida-responds-to-the-toxin-grat-by-inducing-ribosome-biogenesis-factors-and-repressing-tca-cycle-enzymes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/pseudomonas-putida-responds-to-the-toxin-grat-by-inducing-ribosome-biogenesis-factors-and-repressing-tca-cycle-enzymes\/","title":{"rendered":"Pseudomonas putida\u00a0Responds to the Toxin GraT by Inducing Ribosome Biogenesis Factors and Repressing TCA Cycle Enzymes"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p>Ainelo A, Porosk R, Kilk K, Rosendahl S, Remme J, H\u00f5rak R.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The potentially self-poisonous toxin-antitoxin modules are widespread in bacterial chromosomes, but despite extensive studies, their biological importance remains poorly understood. Here, we used whole-cell proteomics to study the cellular effects of the\u00a0<em>Pseudomonas putida<\/em>\u00a0toxin GraT that is known to inhibit growth and ribosome maturation in a cold-dependent manner when the\u00a0<em>graA<\/em>\u00a0antitoxin gene is deleted from the genome. Proteomic analysis of\u00a0<em>P. putida<\/em>\u00a0wild-type and \u0394<em>graA<\/em>\u00a0strains at 30 \u00b0C and 25 \u00b0C, where the growth is differently affected by GraT, revealed two major responses to GraT at both temperatures. First, ribosome biogenesis factors, including the RNA helicase DeaD and RNase III, are upregulated in \u0394<em>graA<\/em>. This likely serves to alleviate the ribosome biogenesis defect of the \u0394<em>graA<\/em>\u00a0strain. Secondly, proteome data indicated that GraT induces downregulation of central carbon metabolism, as suggested by the decreased levels of TCA cycle enzymes isocitrate dehydrogenase Idh, \u03b1-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase subunit SucA, and succinate-CoA ligase subunit SucD. Metabolomic analysis revealed remarkable GraT-dependent accumulation of oxaloacetate at 25 \u00b0C and a reduced amount of malate, another TCA intermediate. The accumulation of oxaloacetate is likely due to decreased flux through the TCA cycle but also indicates inhibition of anabolic pathways in GraT-affected bacteria. Thus, proteomic and metabolomic analysis of the \u0394<em>graA<\/em>\u00a0strain revealed that GraT-mediated stress triggers several responses that reprogram the cell physiology to alleviate the GraT-caused damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toxins (Basel). 2019 Feb 9;11(2):103. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6651\/11\/2\/103\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6651\/11\/2\/103\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10.3390\/toxins11020103.<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30744127\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30744127\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pubmed<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ainelo A, Porosk R, Kilk K, Rosendahl S, Remme J, H\u00f5rak R. The potentially self-poisonous toxin-antitoxin modules are widespread in bacterial chromosomes, but despite extensive studies, their biological importance remains poorly understood. Here, we used whole-cell proteomics to study the &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":194,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1217","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-artiklid"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1217","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/194"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1217"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1217\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1236,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1217\/revisions\/1236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1217"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1217"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ribolab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1217"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}