{"id":4,"date":"2024-04-03T23:11:39","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:11:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/otsing\/paringu-koostamine\/"},"modified":"2026-03-23T13:24:30","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T11:24:30","slug":"paringu-koostamine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/otsing\/paringu-koostamine\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u00e4ringu koostamine"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u00e4ringu s\u00f5nastamisel on oluline otsingus\u00f5nade oskuslik kombineerimine, et piiritleda teema v\u00f5imalikult selgelt ja t\u00e4pselt. Selleks saab kasutada j\u00e4rgmisi tehnikaid:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
Boole\u2019i loogikaoperaatorid <\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

\u00dchendades otsis\u00f5nu Boole\u2019i loogikaoperaatoritega\u00a0AND<\/strong><\/span><\/span>,\u00a0OR<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0v\u00f5i\u00a0NOT<\/strong><\/span> saab otsingut piirata v\u00f5i laiendada. Operaatorite kasutamisest annab \u00fclevaate <\/span>Boolean machine <\/span>https:\/\/www.schrockwell.com\/rbs3k\/boolean\/<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
\n

AND<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0piirab otsingut, p\u00e4ringus sellega \u00fchendatud s\u00f5nad peavad k\u00f5ik leitavates dokumentides esinema.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e4ide:<\/span><\/strong>
\ntelevisioon AND v\u00e4givald <\/em><\/strong><\/span>\u2013 leitakse dokumendid, kus esinevad nii s\u00f5na\u00a0televisioon<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0<\/em>kui ka\u00a0v\u00e4givald<\/em><\/span><\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

OR<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0laiendab otsingut, leitavates dokumentides peab esinema kas \u00fcks v\u00f5i teine\u00a0(v\u00e4hemalt \u00fcks) p\u00e4ringus operaatoriga OR \u00fchendatud s\u00f5nadest.<\/p>\n

N\u00e4ide:<\/span><\/strong>
\nv\u00e4givald OR\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/strong>agressioon<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/em>\u2013 leitakse artiklid, kus esinevad ainult\u00a0v\u00e4givald<\/em><\/span><\/strong>, ainult\u00a0agressioon<\/em><\/span><\/strong>, v\u00f5i nii\u00a0v\u00e4givald\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/span>kui ka\u00a0agressioon<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Operaatoriga\u00a0<\/span>OR<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>on otstarbekas \u00fchendada:
\ns\u00fcnon\u00fc\u00fcme
\ntudeng OR \u00fcli\u00f5pilane<\/em>
\nerineva kirjaviisiga s\u00f5nu
\nkeefir OR kefiir<\/em>
\nsarnase t\u00e4hendusega \/ seotud s\u00f5nu ja fraase
\nlapsed OR koolieelikud<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

NOT<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0kitsendab otsingut, esimene s\u00f5na peab esinema, teine ei tohi esineda. Nii saab v\u00e4listada m\u00f5ne s\u00f5na esinemist leitavates artiklites.<\/p>\n

N\u00e4ide:<\/em><\/strong>
\nrikkumine NOT kuritegu\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>\u2013<\/em> leitakse dokumendid, kus esineb s\u00f5na\u00a0rikkumine<\/em>, kuid j\u00e4etakse v\u00e4lja dokumendid, kus esineb s\u00f5na\u00a0kuritegu<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e4hedusoperaatorid<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Paljudes andmebaasides on kasutusel ka l\u00e4hedusoperaatorid (NEAR, ADJ jne), mille abil saab t\u00e4psemini otsida, kuna saab ette anda, kui l\u00e4hedal peavad otsitavad s\u00f5nad tekstis \u00fcksteisele olema. Nii on suurem t\u00f5en\u00e4osus, et otsitavad s\u00f5nad esinevad samas kontekstis. Sageli on otstarbekas asendada operaator AND l\u00e4hedusoperaatoriga.<\/p>\n

N\u00e4ide:<\/strong><\/em>
\nmedia N3 violence\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>\u2013 <\/em>leitakse dokumendid, kus s\u00f5nad\u00a0media<\/em>\u00a0ja\u00a0violence<\/em>\u00a0esinevad teineteisest 3 s\u00f5na kaugusel olenemata j\u00e4rjekorrast,\u00a0leitakse nii\u00a0media violence\u00a0<\/em>kui ka\u00a0violence in media<\/em>.<\/p>\n

L\u00e4hedusoperaatorid ja nende funktsioonid on erinevates andmebaasides erinevad.<\/p>\n

Fraasiotsing<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n
Kui soovite leida mingit kindlat v\u00e4ljendit v\u00f5i lauset sisaldavaid tekste, tuleb otsitav fraas tavaliselt panna\u00a0<\/span>jutum\u00e4rkidesse<\/strong>.<\/span>\n

N\u00e4ide:\u00a0<\/strong>
\n\u201cmedia violence<\/em>\u201c <\/strong>\u2013 leitakse dokumendid, kus on t\u00e4pselt selline fraas.<\/p>\n

Sageli otsitakse mitut s\u00f5na koos ka ilma jutum\u00e4rkidesse panemata automaatselt kui fraasi, m\u00f5nikord aga \u00fchendatakse need hoopis operaatoriga\u00a0AND<\/span>, st k\u00f5ik peavad esinema olenemata asukohast. \u00a0Enne otsingut v\u00f5i otsingu k\u00e4igus peate veenduma, milline variant toimib.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00e4rpimine<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

K\u00e4rpimine\u00a0(ingl k truncation<\/em>) v\u00f5imaldab otsida samat\u00fcvelisi erinevate l\u00f5ppudega s\u00f5nu.
\nSuvaline arv t\u00e4hem\u00e4rke s\u00f5na l\u00f5pus asendatakse s\u00fcmboliga, enamasti on kasutusel\u00a0 *\u00a0(t\u00e4rn)<\/strong>\u00a0v\u00f5i\u00a0? (k\u00fcsim\u00e4rk)<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e4ide:<\/strong>
\nquestion<\/em>*<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>leitakse ka\u00a0questions, questioning<\/em><\/span><\/strong>
\nchild<\/em>*<\/strong> leitakse ka\u00a0children, childhood<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Sisuliselt asendab see erinevate vormide \u00fchendamist operaatoriga\u00a0OR<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>
\nM\u00f5elge j\u00e4rele, millise t\u00e4he juurest on k\u00f5ige otstarbekam s\u00f5na katkestada ja asendada l\u00f5pp s\u00fcmboliga \/ metam\u00e4rgiga. Kui panna metam\u00e4rk liiga vara, v\u00f5ite saada palju mitterelevantseid tulemusi, kui liiga hilja, j\u00e4\u00e4vad m\u00f5ned s\u00f5nad otsingust v\u00e4lja (adolescent<\/em>*\u00a0\u2013 leitakse ka\u00a0adolescents<\/em>, kuid mitte\u00a0adolescence;<\/em> teacher<\/em>*\u00a0\u2013 ei leita\u00a0teaching<\/em>).<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00f5na sees kasutatakse s\u00fcmbolit t\u00e4he asemel, kui on v\u00f5imalik kasutada erinevat kirjaviisi v\u00f5i kui te ei ole kindel, kuidas s\u00f5na t\u00e4pselt kirjutatakse v\u00f5i kui tahate leida korraga m\u00f5lema t\u00e4hega s\u00f5nu.<\/p>\n

N\u00e4ide:
\norgani?ation<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 leitakse nii\u00a0organization<\/em>\u00a0kui\u00a0organisation<\/em>
\nwom?n<\/strong> \u2013\u00a0<\/em>leitakse nii\u00a0woman<\/em>\u00a0kui\u00a0women<\/em><\/p>\n

Nende s\u00fcmbolite kasutamine erinevates andmebaasides on erinev. Tutvuge iga andmebaasi puhul kindlasti eraldi selles kasutatavate metam\u00e4rkidega.<\/p>\n

Sulgude kasutamine\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Kui te kasutate \u00fches p\u00e4ringus erinevaid operaatoreid, tuleb arvestada, et operaatoritega\u00a0NOT\u00a0ja\u00a0AND\u00a0\u00fchendatud avaldisi otsitakse enne,\u00a0OR\u00a0j\u00e4\u00e4b k\u00f5ige viimaseks.\u00a0Seega, kui soovite seda j\u00e4rjekorda muuta, tuleb kasutada sulge. Sulgudes olevat avaldist otsitakse enne.<\/p>\n

Kasutades eelpool toodud otsingus\u00f5nade tabelit, \u00fchendame s\u00fcnon\u00fc\u00fcmid ja sarnase t\u00e4hendusega s\u00f5nad operaatoriga\u00a0OR, eraldame need grupid sulgudega ning \u00fchendame operaatoriga\u00a0AND, et leida nende k\u00f5igi \u00fchisosa. Kasutame ka k\u00e4rpimist, et ei peaks v\u00e4lja kirjutama k\u00f5iki sama t\u00fcvega erinevate l\u00f5ppudega s\u00f5nu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(aggressi* OR violen*) AND (tv OR television) AND (child* OR adolescen* OR teen*)\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u00e4ringu s\u00f5nastamisel on oluline otsingus\u00f5nade oskuslik kombineerimine, et piiritleda teema v\u00f5imalikult selgelt ja t\u00e4pselt. Selleks saab kasutada j\u00e4rgmisi tehnikaid:\u00a0 Boole\u2019i loogikaoperaatorid \u00dchendades otsis\u00f5nu Boole\u2019i loogikaoperaatoritega\u00a0AND,\u00a0OR\u00a0v\u00f5i\u00a0NOT saab otsingut piirata v\u00f5i laiendada. Operaatorite kasutamisest annab \u00fclevaate Boolean machine https:\/\/www.schrockwell.com\/rbs3k\/boolean\/\u00a0\u00a0 AND\u00a0piirab otsingut, p\u00e4ringus …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/otsing\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/otsing\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/otsing\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/otsing\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/otsing\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/otsing\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":173,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/otsing\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4\/revisions\/173"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/otsing\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}