{"id":173,"date":"2024-04-04T06:11:51","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T03:11:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/settekivimid\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T06:13:00","modified_gmt":"2024-04-04T03:13:00","slug":"settekivimid","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/settekivimid\/","title":{"rendered":"Settekivimid"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\t<font face=\"Arial\"><font style=\"medium;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none\"><b>Settekivimid<\/b>\u00a0kujutavad endast enamasti veekogu p\u00f5hjas, harvem maismaal kuhjunud sette (lubimuda, liiv jne.) k\u00f5vastumise saadust (lubjakivi, liivakivi jt.).<\/font><\/font>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<font face=\"Arial\">Settekivimid iseloomustavad maakoore k\u00f5ige \u00fclemist osa, kus nad on tekkinud teiste kivimite arvel. Settekivimite l\u00e4htematerjaliks on harilikult tard- ja moondekivimite v\u00f5i varasemate settekivimite murenemissaadused. Peenestatud materjal (<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/kruus1-jpg\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/kruus1-jpg\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">kruus<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">,\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/liiv1-jpg\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/liiv1-jpg\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">liiv<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">,\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/sinisavi2-jpg\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/sinisavi2-jpg\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">savi<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">) kantakse tuule v\u00f5i voolava vee poolt n\u00f5gudesse v\u00f5i veekogudesse, kus ta setitatakse kihtidena. Sellel teekonnal esialgu teravaservaline murend \u00fcmardub \u2013 olenavalt kande tee pikkusest, osakeste suurusest, k\u00f5vadusest ja voolu kiirusest. Eriti \u00fcmaraks muutuvad korduvalt \u00fcmbersettinud ja tuule kantud osakesed.<\/font>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<font face=\"Arial\">V\u00e4rskelt kuhjunud settematerjali iseloomustab pudedus, kobedus, mist\u00f5ttu neist r\u00e4\u00e4gitakse kui\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/sete\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/sete\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">setetest<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">. Setete k\u00f5vastumine, tsementeerumine ja \u00fcleminek settekivimiks on pidev ja aegan\u00f5udev protsess.<\/font>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<font face=\"Arial\">Settekivimitele on oluliseks tunnuseks kihilisus, mis osutab setete kuhjumise perioodilisusele v\u00f5i r\u00fctmilisusele. Settekivimid sisaldavad ka mitmesuguste loomade v\u00f5i taimede kivistunud j\u00e4\u00e4nuseid \u2013\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/fossiil3\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/fossiil3\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">fossiile<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">\u00a0ehk\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/kivistis2\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/kivistis2\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">kivistisi<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">.<\/font>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<font face=\"Arial\">Settekivimites valitsevad vastupidavad mineraalid, nagu\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/maekrist3-jpg\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/maekrist3-jpg\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">kvarts<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">,\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/kaltsedon1-jpg\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/kaltsedon1-jpg\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">kaltsedon<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">,\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/opaal1-jpg\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/opaal1-jpg\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">opaal<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">, kaoliniit, rauah\u00fcdroksiidid,\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/hapnikulised-%C3%BChendid\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/hapnikulised-%C3%BChendid\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">karbonaadid<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">, <\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/hapnikulised-%C3%BChendid\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/hapnikulised-%C3%BChendid\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">sulfaadid<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">\u00a0ja\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/halogeniidid\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/halogeniidid\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">halogeniidid<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">.<\/font>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<font face=\"Arial\">Setted ja settekivimid moodustavad 5% maakoorest, kuid katavad ligikaudu 75% maismaast, st valdavalt puutume me maapinnal kokku setete ja settekivimitega. Settelise kihi paksus k\u00f5igub vahemikus 0 \u2013 25 km, olles keskmiselt 4,5 km paksune.<\/font>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<font face=\"Arial\">T\u00fc\u00fcpilised settekivimid Eestis on\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/lubjakivi\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/lubjakivi\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">lubjakivid<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">,\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/dolokivi\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/dolokivi\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">dolomiidid<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">,\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/mergel\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/mergel\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">merglid<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">\u00a0ja\u00a0<\/font><a data-url=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/liivakivi\" href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/liivakivi\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">liivakivid<\/a><font face=\"Arial\">.<\/font>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:start\">\n\t<span><span style=\"color:#000000\"><span><span style=\"font-style:normal\"><span><span><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"letter-spacing:normal\"><span><span style=\"text-transform:none\"><span><span><span><span><span>Koostanud \u00a9 2003 Mare Isakar<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Settekivimid\u00a0kujutavad endast enamasti veekogu p\u00f5hjas, harvem maismaal kuhjunud sette (lubimuda, liiv jne.) k\u00f5vastumise saadust (lubjakivi, liivakivi jt.). Settekivimid iseloomustavad maakoore k\u00f5ige \u00fclemist osa, kus nad on tekkinud teiste kivimite arvel. Settekivimite l\u00e4htematerjaliks on harilikult tard- ja moondekivimite v\u00f5i varasemate settekivimite &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":226,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-173","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/173","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/226"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=173"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/173\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":680,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/173\/revisions\/680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/mineraalid-ja-kivimid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=173"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}