{"id":628,"date":"2024-06-19T09:14:18","date_gmt":"2024-06-19T06:14:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/self-test-10-5-a\/"},"modified":"2024-06-19T09:14:18","modified_gmt":"2024-06-19T06:14:18","slug":"self-test-10-5-a","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/self-test-10-5-a\/","title":{"rendered":"Self-test 10.5 A"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"watupro_quiz\" class=\"quiz-area single-page-quiz\">\n<p id=\"submittingExam37\" style=\"display:none;text-align:center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<form action=\"\" method=\"post\" class=\"quiz-form\" id=\"quiz-37\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\">\n<div class=\"watu-question \" id=\"question-1\" style=\";\"><div id=\"questionWrap-1\" class=\"   watupro-question-id-121\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"question-content\"><p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 18pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 18pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;\">In a steelworks chemical laboratory the nickel content of steel is determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS).\u00a0For the estimation of the within lab reproducibility they use a steel control sample with nickel content of around 8%. An X control chart is maintained with control sample (data are below).\u00a0The laboratory has participated in 5 interlaboratory comparisons (data are below).<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 18pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;\"><strong>Data<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 18pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;\">X control chart:<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 528px; width: 19.6685%; border: 1px solid #000000;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.0pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 48px; text-align: center; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>Date<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 48px; text-align: center; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>Ni\u00a0content\u00a0(%)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">01.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">02.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.77<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">05.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">06.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.92<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">07.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">08.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.0pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">09.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.0pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">12.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">11.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">13.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">14.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">15.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.04<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.0pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">16.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.79<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.0pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">19.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">20.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.76<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">21.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">22.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.72<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">23.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.82<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.0pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">26.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.68<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.0pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">27.08.2015<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"height: 24px; border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 18pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-align: left;\">Proficiency tests data:<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"4\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 39.0pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>No<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>Consensus value (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>Standard deviation<br>\nof participants (%)\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>Result of the<br>\nlaboratory\u00a0(%)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>No of participants<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.72<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">0.19<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.06<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.49<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">0.20<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.67<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">29<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">9.23<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">0.30<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">9.66<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">7.89<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">0.21<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">8.11<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 12.5pt;\">\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\"><strong>5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">10.25<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">0.16<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">10.01<\/td>\n<td class=\"xl65\" style=\"border: 1px solid #000000;\" align=\"center\" valign=\"middle\">32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\">\n<div id=\"accordion-accordion-6683c25b12875\" class=\"accordion \">\n<div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n<h3 id=\"accordion-6683c25b12875-heading-1\" class=\"accordion-header\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-6683c25b12875-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-6683c25b12875-collapse-1\">Clue 1<\/button><\/h3>\n<div id=\"accordion-6683c25b12875-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-6683c25b12875-heading-1\">\n<div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<div>From the control chart the random component <em>u<\/em>(<em>R<\/em><sub>w<\/sub>) can be calculated. That is actually the standard deviation.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\">\n<div id=\"accordion-accordion-6683c25b128752\" class=\"accordion \">\n<div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n<h3 id=\"accordion-6683c25b128752-heading-1\" class=\"accordion-header\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-6683c25b128752-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-6683c25b128752-collapse-2\">Clue 2<\/button><\/h3>\n<div id=\"accordion-6683c25b128752-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-6683c25b128752-heading-1\">\n<div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<div>\n<p>Using the proficiency tests data, calculate the\u00a0<em>bias<\/em><sub>i<\/sub>,\u00a0<em>u<\/em>(<em>C<\/em>ref<sub>i<\/sub>),\u00a0<em>RMS<\/em><sub>bias<\/sub>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>u<\/em>(<em>C<\/em>ref).\u00a0Combine\u00a0<em>RMS<\/em>bias\u00a0and the\u00a0<em>u<\/em>(<em>C<\/em>ref). Consensus values can be considered as the\u00a0<em>C<\/em>ref\u00a0 values in the Nordtest approach.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\">\n<div id=\"accordion-accordion-6683c25b128753\" class=\"accordion \">\n<div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n<h3 id=\"accordion-6683c25b128753-heading-1\" class=\"accordion-header\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-6683c25b128753-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-6683c25b128753-collapse-1\">Clue 3<\/button><\/h3>\n<div id=\"accordion-6683c25b128753-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-6683c25b128753-heading-1\">\n<div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<div>Combine the\u00a0<em>u<\/em>(<em>R<\/em><sub>w<\/sub>) and the\u00a0<em>u<\/em>(<em>bias<\/em>). Calculate the expanded uncertainty from the standard uncertainty (via multiplying with coverage factor).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Task 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Please calculate the absolute expanded uncertainty of this analysis (at<span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><em>k<\/em><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span>= 2 level) for a sample with nickel content 10.2% using <strong><em>absolute<\/em><\/strong> uncertainties for calculation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><input type=\"text\" size=\"10\" name=\"gap_121_1\" class=\"watupro-gap answer answerof-121\" value=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Task 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Please calculate the absolute expanded uncertainty of this analysis (at<span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><em>k<\/em><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span>= 2 level) for a sample with nickel content 10.2% using <strong><em>relative<\/em><\/strong> uncertainties for calculation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><input type=\"text\" size=\"10\" name=\"gap_121_2\" class=\"watupro-gap answer answerof-121\" value=\"\"><\/p>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"question_id[]\" id=\"qID_1\" value=\"121\" class=\"watupro-question-id\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"answerType121\" class=\"answerTypeCnt1\" value=\"gaps\"><!-- end question-content--><\/div><!-- end questionWrap--><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"display:none;\" id=\"liveResult-1\">\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading...\" title=\"Loading...\">\u00a0Loading...\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t   \t<p id=\"liveResBtn-121\" style=\"clear:both;\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"liveResultBtn121\" class=\"liveResultBtn1 watupro-live-result-btn\" value=\"See Answer\" onclick=\"WatuPRO.liveResult(121, 1);\"><\/p>\n\t   <div class=\"watu-question \" id=\"question-2\" style=\";\"><div id=\"questionWrap-2\" class=\"   watupro-question-id-123\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"question-content\"><div><strong>Task 3<\/strong><br>Which uncertainty estimation would you rather use?<\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"question_id[]\" id=\"qID_2\" value=\"123\" class=\"watupro-question-id\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"answerType123\" class=\"answerTypeCnt2\" value=\"checkbox\"><!-- end question-content--><\/div><div class=\"question-choices watupro-choices-columns \" id=\"questionChoices123\"><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-123[]\" id=\"answer-id-402\" class=\"answer   answerof-123 \" value=\"402\"><label for=\"answer-id-402\" id=\"answer-label-402\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Calculated by relative uncertainties<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-123[]\" id=\"answer-id-401\" class=\"answer   answerof-123 \" value=\"401\"><label for=\"answer-id-401\" id=\"answer-label-401\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Calculated by absolute uncertainties<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><!-- end question-choices--><\/div><!-- end questionWrap--><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"display:none;\" id=\"liveResult-2\">\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading...\" title=\"Loading...\">\u00a0Loading...\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t   \t<p id=\"liveResBtn-123\" style=\"clear:both;\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"liveResultBtn123\" class=\"liveResultBtn2 watupro-live-result-btn\" value=\"See Answer\" onclick=\"WatuPRO.liveResult(123, 2);\"><\/p>\n\t   <div class=\"watu-question \" id=\"question-3\" style=\";\"><div id=\"questionWrap-3\" class=\"   watupro-question-id-119\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"question-content\"><div><strong>Task 4<\/strong><br>Laboratory has participated in two consecutive years in interlaboratory comparisons (ILCs)of waste water and has obtained the following results for fluoride ion content: 0.99 mg\/l and 3.92 mg\/l. The reference values of the ILCs for fluoride (obtained by independent expert labs) were 1.14 mg\/l and 3.77 mg\/l, respectively. The laboratory routinely analyses only drinking water, not waste water (drinking water is a matrix of much simpler composition than waste water). Within-lab long-term reproducibility <em>s<\/em><sub>RW<\/sub> of the laboratory\u2019s procedure for fluoride determination at roughly 2 mg\/l level as found from the X control chart is 0.04 mg\/l. The procedure used at laboratory does not have detectable bias. Which of the following statements are necessarily true?<\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"question_id[]\" id=\"qID_3\" value=\"119\" class=\"watupro-question-id\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"answerType119\" class=\"answerTypeCnt3\" value=\"checkbox\"><!-- end question-content--><\/div><div class=\"question-choices watupro-choices-columns \" id=\"questionChoices119\"><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-119[]\" id=\"answer-id-398\" class=\"answer   answerof-119 \" value=\"398\"><label for=\"answer-id-398\" id=\"answer-label-398\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>If the laboratory wants to use its procedure for the analysis of waste water then the <em>s<\/em><sub>RW<\/sub> and bias should be determined in the waste water matrix.\u00a0<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-119[]\" id=\"answer-id-397\" class=\"answer   answerof-119 \" value=\"397\"><label for=\"answer-id-397\" id=\"answer-label-397\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>It is possible, that the mismatch between the laboratory values and the reference values is caused by the sample matrix, which is different from the one used routinely at the laboratory.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-119[]\" id=\"answer-id-395\" class=\"answer   answerof-119 \" value=\"395\"><label for=\"answer-id-395\" id=\"answer-label-395\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>These data indicate that in one case the laboratory\u2019s result is by 0.15 mg\/l below the reference value and in the other case by 0.15 mg\/l above the reference value. This proves that the laboratory bias is zero.\u00a0<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-119[]\" id=\"answer-id-396\" class=\"answer   answerof-119 \" value=\"396\"><label for=\"answer-id-396\" id=\"answer-label-396\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>The lab has estimated <em>s<\/em><sub>RW<\/sub> incorrectly and it should be significantly higher.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><!-- end question-choices--><\/div><!-- end questionWrap--><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"display:none;\" id=\"liveResult-3\">\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading...\" title=\"Loading...\">\u00a0Loading...\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t   \t<p id=\"liveResBtn-119\" style=\"clear:both;\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"liveResultBtn119\" class=\"liveResultBtn3 watupro-live-result-btn\" value=\"See Answer\" onclick=\"WatuPRO.liveResult(119, 3);\"><\/p>\n\t   <div style=\"display:none\" id=\"question-4\">\n\t<div class=\"question-content\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading...\" title=\"Loading...\">\u00a0Loading...\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<br>\n\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"watupro_buttons flex \" id=\"watuPROButtons37\">\n\t\t  <div id=\"prev-question\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type=\"button\" value=\"&lt; Previous\" onclick=\"WatuPRO.nextQuestion(event, 'previous');\"><\/div>\t\t  \t\t  \t\t   \n\t\t   \t  \t\t<div><input type=\"button\" name=\"action\" class=\"watupro-submit-button\" onclick=\"WatuPRO.submitResult(event)\" id=\"action-button\" value=\"View Results\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"quiz_id\" value=\"37\" id=\"watuPROExamID\">\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"start_time\" id=\"startTime\" value=\"2026-04-19 23:28:57\">\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"start_timestamp\" id=\"startTimeStamp\" value=\"1776641337\">\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"question_ids\" value=\"\">\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"watupro_questions\" value=\"121:399,421,422,423 | 123:402,401 | 119:398,397,395,396\">\n\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"no_ajax\" value=\"0\">\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\/\/jQuery(document).ready(function(){\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function(event) { \t\nvar question_ids = \"121,123,119\";\nWatuPROSettings[37] = {};\nWatuPRO.qArr = question_ids.split(',');\nWatuPRO.exam_id = 37;\t    \nWatuPRO.post_id = 628;\nWatuPRO.store_progress = 0;\nWatuPRO.curCatPage = 1;\nWatuPRO.requiredIDs=\"0\".split(\",\");\nWatuPRO.hAppID = \"0.91911000 1776630537\";\nvar url = \"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/show_exam.php\";\nWatuPRO.examMode = 1;\nWatuPRO.siteURL=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php\";\nWatuPRO.emailIsNotRequired = 0;\nWatuPRO.perDecade = 10;\nWatuPROIntel.init(37);\nWatuPRO.inCategoryPages=1;});    \t \n<\/script>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":280,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-628","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/628","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/280"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=628"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/628\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}