{"id":627,"date":"2024-06-19T09:13:46","date_gmt":"2024-06-19T06:13:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/self-test-10-3\/"},"modified":"2024-06-19T09:13:46","modified_gmt":"2024-06-19T06:13:46","slug":"self-test-10-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/self-test-10-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Self-test 10.3"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"watupro_quiz\" class=\"quiz-area single-page-quiz\">\n<p id=\"submittingExam24\" style=\"display:none;text-align:center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\"><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"watupro-exam-description\" id=\"description-quiz-24\"><p>Here you can test your understanding how the uncertainty component accounting for systematic effects can be estimated in practice.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<form action=\"\" method=\"post\" class=\"quiz-form\" id=\"quiz-24\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\">\n<div class=\"watu-question \" id=\"question-1\" style=\";\"><div id=\"questionWrap-1\" class=\"   watupro-question-id-92\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"question-content\"><div><span class=\"watupro_num\">1. <\/span>Which are the possibilities of estimating the bias component of measurement uncertainty (component that accounts for the systematic effects) of an analytical procedure in your laboratory?<\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"question_id[]\" id=\"qID_1\" value=\"92\" class=\"watupro-question-id\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"answerType92\" class=\"answerTypeCnt1\" value=\"checkbox\"><!-- end question-content--><\/div><div class=\"question-choices watupro-choices-columns \" id=\"questionChoices92\"><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-92[]\" id=\"answer-id-311\" class=\"answer   answerof-92 \" value=\"311\"><label for=\"answer-id-311\" id=\"answer-label-311\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Make spiking studies with samples that have the same or similar matrix with the routine samples.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-92[]\" id=\"answer-id-315\" class=\"answer   answerof-92 \" value=\"315\"><label for=\"answer-id-315\" id=\"answer-label-315\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Make the measurements at three different concentration levels.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-92[]\" id=\"answer-id-316\" class=\"answer   answerof-92 \" value=\"316\"><label for=\"answer-id-316\" id=\"answer-label-316\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Acquire the estimates of all the systematic effects from scientific literature.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-92[]\" id=\"answer-id-314\" class=\"answer   answerof-92 \" value=\"314\"><label for=\"answer-id-314\" id=\"answer-label-314\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Carefully calibrate\u00a0the volumetric glassware used in the analysis.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-92[]\" id=\"answer-id-310\" class=\"answer   answerof-92 \" value=\"310\"><label for=\"answer-id-310\" id=\"answer-label-310\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Analyse the certificated reference material (CRM), which corresponds to a matrix that is routinely analyzed in the laboratory.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-92[]\" id=\"answer-id-312\" class=\"answer   answerof-92 \" value=\"312\"><label for=\"answer-id-312\" id=\"answer-label-312\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Participate\u00a0in an interlaboratory comparison (ILC) where the matrix is different from the laboratory\u2019s routine analysis samples, but there is reference value that has a low uncertainty.\u00a0<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-92[]\" id=\"answer-id-313\" class=\"answer   answerof-92 \" value=\"313\"><label for=\"answer-id-313\" id=\"answer-label-313\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Make\u00a0a large number of repeated measurements of a routine sample during a long time period.\u00a0<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><!-- end question-choices--><\/div><!-- end questionWrap--><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"display:none;\" id=\"liveResult-1\">\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading...\" title=\"Loading...\">\u00a0Loading...\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t   \t<p id=\"liveResBtn-92\" style=\"clear:both;\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"liveResultBtn92\" class=\"liveResultBtn1 watupro-live-result-btn\" value=\"See Answer\" onclick=\"WatuPRO.liveResult(92, 1);\"><\/p>\n\t   <div class=\"watu-question \" id=\"question-2\" style=\";\"><div id=\"questionWrap-2\" class=\"   watupro-question-id-93\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"question-content\"><div><span class=\"watupro_num\">2. <\/span>The laboratory wants to estimate the bias component of uncertainty of protein determination in different products by the Kjeldahl method. There are two certified reference materials available: Ham with protein content (19.6 \u00b1 0.6) g\/100g (<em>k<\/em>=2, norm) and cheese with protein content (26.3 \u00b1 0.7) g\/100g (<em>k<\/em>=2, norm). The laboratory has carried out four bias determinations with the following results (each found value is found as a mean from a number of parallel measurements):<br>\r\n<table width=\"259\"><tbody><tr><td style=\"width: 136.812px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">Reference\u00a0(g\/100g)<\/td><td style=\"width: 153.615px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">Found\u00a0value\u00a0(g\/100g)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 136.812px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">26.3<\/td><td style=\"width: 153.615px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">26.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 136.812px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">26.3<\/td><td style=\"width: 153.615px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">27.2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 136.812px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">19.6<\/td><td style=\"width: 153.615px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">20.1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"width: 136.812px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">19.6<\/td><td style=\"width: 153.615px; border: 1px solid #000000;\">20.4<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>Please calculate the bias component of uncertainty <strong>(please give 2 or 3 decimals)<\/strong>. Absolute uncertainties can be used in this case.<br>\r\n<div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\"><div id=\"accordion-accordion-6683c25b12875\" class=\"accordion \"><div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\"><h3 id=\"accordion-6683c25b12875-heading-1\" class=\"accordion-header\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-6683c25b12875-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-6683c25b12875-collapse-1\">Clue 1<\/button><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-6683c25b12875-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-6683c25b12875-heading-1\"><div class=\"accordion-body\"><div>The bias component is found as follows:<br>\r\n<br>\r\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"249\" height=\"37\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-288\" title=\"10-3-2-vihje1.png\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/10-3-2-vihje1.png\" alt=\"10-3-2-vihje1.png\">For finding the RMSbias and u(Cref) the bias values from the individual bias determinations (four altogether) and combined standard uncertainties of the reference materials used for the individual determinations (again, four altogether) have to be combined using the root mean square approach:<br>\r\n<br>\r\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"198\" height=\"143\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-289\" title=\"10-3-2-vihje1b.png\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/10-3-2-vihje1b.png\" alt=\"10-3-2-vihje1b.png\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\"><div id=\"accordion-accordion-6683c25b128752\" class=\"accordion \"><div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\"><h3 id=\"accordion-6683c25b128752-heading-1\" class=\"accordion-header\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-6683c25b128752-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-6683c25b128752-collapse-2\">Clue 2<\/button><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-6683c25b128752-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-6683c25b128752-heading-1\"><div class=\"accordion-body\"><div>The individual bias values are found as differences of the lab value and the reference value. The combined standard uncertainties of the reference values can be found by dividing the expanded uncertainties with the coverage factor.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\"><div id=\"accordion-accordion-6683c25b128753\" class=\"accordion \"><div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\"><h3 id=\"accordion-6683c25b128753-heading-1\" class=\"accordion-header\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-6683c25b128753-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-6683c25b128753-collapse-1\">Clue 3<\/button><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-6683c25b128753-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-6683c25b128753-heading-1\"><div class=\"accordion-body\"><div>The individual bias values are (all in g\/100g): 0.6, 0.9, 0.5, 0.8. The <em>RMS<\/em><sub>bias<\/sub> found from these data is 0.7176 g\/100g (decimal places are deliberately given in excess).<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\"><div id=\"accordion-accordion-6683c25b128754\" class=\"accordion \"><div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\"><h3 id=\"accordion-6683c25b128754-heading-1\" class=\"accordion-header\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-6683c25b128754-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-6683c25b128754-collapse-1\">Clue 4<\/button><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-6683c25b128754-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-6683c25b128754-heading-1\"><div class=\"accordion-body\"><div>The individual <em>u<\/em>(<em>Cref<sub>i<\/sub><\/em>) values are (all in g\/100g): 0.35, 0.35, 0.3, 0.3. The <em>u<\/em>(<em>Cref<\/em>) found from these data is 0.3260 g\/100g (decimal places are deliberately given in excess).<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\"><div id=\"accordion-accordion-6683c25b128755\" class=\"accordion \"><div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\"><h3 id=\"accordion-6683c25b128755-heading-1\" class=\"accordion-header\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-6683c25b128755-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-6683c25b128755-collapse-1\">Clue 5<\/button><\/h3><div id=\"accordion-6683c25b128755-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-6683c25b128755-heading-1\"><div class=\"accordion-body\"><div>The <em>u<\/em>(<em>bias<\/em>) found from these data is 0.7882 g\/100g (decimal places are deliberately given in excess). <em>u<\/em>(<em>bias<\/em>) is not yet the final uncertainty but rather an interim result for future calculations, so it should not be rounded to 1 or 2 significant digits.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"question_id[]\" id=\"qID_2\" value=\"93\" class=\"watupro-question-id\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"answerType93\" class=\"answerTypeCnt2\" value=\"textarea\"><!-- end question-content--><\/div><div class=\"question-choices \" id=\"questionChoices93\"><p><input type=\"text\" name=\"answer-93[]\" id=\"textarea_q_93\" class=\"watupro-text\" value=\"\" size=\"60\"><\/p><!-- end question-choices--><\/div><!-- end questionWrap--><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"display:none;\" id=\"liveResult-2\">\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading...\" title=\"Loading...\">\u00a0Loading...\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t   \t<p id=\"liveResBtn-93\" style=\"clear:both;\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"liveResultBtn93\" class=\"liveResultBtn2 watupro-live-result-btn\" value=\"See Answer\" onclick=\"WatuPRO.liveResult(93, 2);\"><\/p>\n\t   <div class=\"watu-question \" id=\"question-3\" style=\";\"><div id=\"questionWrap-3\" class=\"   watupro-question-id-94\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"question-content\"><div><span class=\"watupro_num\">3. <\/span>Which of the following statements about the previous exercise are true?\u00a0Please mark the true statements in the tick-boxes.<\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"question_id[]\" id=\"qID_3\" value=\"94\" class=\"watupro-question-id\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"answerType94\" class=\"answerTypeCnt3\" value=\"checkbox\"><!-- end question-content--><\/div><div class=\"question-choices watupro-choices-columns \" id=\"questionChoices94\"><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-94[]\" id=\"answer-id-321\" class=\"answer   answerof-94 \" value=\"321\"><label for=\"answer-id-321\" id=\"answer-label-321\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Four bias determinations are sufficient and it is not necessary to do more bias determinations.\u00a0<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-94[]\" id=\"answer-id-318\" class=\"answer   answerof-94 \" value=\"318\"><label for=\"answer-id-318\" id=\"answer-label-318\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>The results obatained with this procedure seem to be positively biased (i.e. systematically higher results are obtained).\u00a0<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-94[]\" id=\"answer-id-320\" class=\"answer   answerof-94 \" value=\"320\"><label for=\"answer-id-320\" id=\"answer-label-320\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>The found <em>u<\/em>(<em>bias<\/em>) value can be used as the combined standard uncertainty of this procedure.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-94[]\" id=\"answer-id-319\" class=\"answer   answerof-94 \" value=\"319\"><label for=\"answer-id-319\" id=\"answer-label-319\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>This uncertainty calculation assumes that ham and cheese matrixes behave the same way in this analysis.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><!-- end question-choices--><\/div><!-- end questionWrap--><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"display:none;\" id=\"liveResult-3\">\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading...\" title=\"Loading...\">\u00a0Loading...\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t   \t<p id=\"liveResBtn-94\" style=\"clear:both;\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"liveResultBtn94\" class=\"liveResultBtn3 watupro-live-result-btn\" value=\"See Answer\" onclick=\"WatuPRO.liveResult(94, 3);\"><\/p>\n\t   <div class=\"watu-question \" id=\"question-4\" style=\";\"><div id=\"questionWrap-4\" class=\"   watupro-question-id-95\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"question-content\"><div><span class=\"watupro_num\">4. <\/span>For determining within-lab long-term reproducibility and bias of determination of heavy metals in soil laboratory has a sewage sludge control sample. Sample preparation has been carried out with this sample (by microwave digestion) and the resulting solution is kept in refrigerator and analyzed on all days when determination of heavy metals is carried out. The solution is analyzed twice on the same day and standard deviation is calculated from the two results. These standard deviations are pooled over a time period of approximately one year. This pooled standard deviation is used as estimate of within-lab long-term reproducibility. The absolute differences between the two results are averaged over a time period of one year and the average absolute difference is used as bias estimate.<br>\r\n<br>\r\nThere are several flaws in the above described approach. Which statements are true?<\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"question_id[]\" id=\"qID_4\" value=\"95\" class=\"watupro-question-id\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"answerType95\" class=\"answerTypeCnt4\" value=\"checkbox\"><!-- end question-content--><\/div><div class=\"question-choices watupro-choices-columns \" id=\"questionChoices95\"><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-95[]\" id=\"answer-id-327\" class=\"answer   answerof-95 \" value=\"327\"><label for=\"answer-id-327\" id=\"answer-label-327\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Stable control sample is not needed for determining within-lab long-term reproducibility\u00a0<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-95[]\" id=\"answer-id-322\" class=\"answer   answerof-95 \" value=\"322\"><label for=\"answer-id-322\" id=\"answer-label-322\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Keeping solution in a refrigerator is a mistake.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-95[]\" id=\"answer-id-323\" class=\"answer   answerof-95 \" value=\"323\"><label for=\"answer-id-323\" id=\"answer-label-323\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>If the lab does determination of heavy metals in soil then also the control sample should be a soil sample.\u00a0<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-95[]\" id=\"answer-id-326\" class=\"answer   answerof-95 \" value=\"326\"><label for=\"answer-id-326\" id=\"answer-label-326\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Bias cannot be determined this way.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-95[]\" id=\"answer-id-324\" class=\"answer   answerof-95 \" value=\"324\"><label for=\"answer-id-324\" id=\"answer-label-324\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>On every day the analysis should be carried out in full, with all steps, including also the sample preparation step, instead of just analyzing the solution.\u00a0<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-95[]\" id=\"answer-id-325\" class=\"answer   answerof-95 \" value=\"325\"><label for=\"answer-id-325\" id=\"answer-label-325\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>The obtained pooled standard deviations are repeatability standard deviations, not within-lab long-term reproducibility standard deviations.<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><!-- end question-choices--><\/div><!-- end questionWrap--><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"display:none;\" id=\"liveResult-4\">\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading...\" title=\"Loading...\">\u00a0Loading...\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t   \t<p id=\"liveResBtn-95\" style=\"clear:both;\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"liveResultBtn95\" class=\"liveResultBtn4 watupro-live-result-btn\" value=\"See Answer\" onclick=\"WatuPRO.liveResult(95, 4);\"><\/p>\n\t   <div class=\"watu-question \" id=\"question-5\" style=\";\"><div id=\"questionWrap-5\" class=\"   watupro-question-id-96\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"question-content\"><div><span class=\"watupro_num\">5. <\/span><span style=\"color: #282828; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 20.7999992370605px; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; display: inline !important; float: none; background-color: #ffffff;\">Which of the following issues are important in determining bias?<\/span><\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"question_id[]\" id=\"qID_5\" value=\"96\" class=\"watupro-question-id\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"answerType96\" class=\"answerTypeCnt5\" value=\"checkbox\"><!-- end question-content--><\/div><div class=\"question-choices watupro-choices-columns \" id=\"questionChoices96\"><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-96[]\" id=\"answer-id-331\" class=\"answer   answerof-96 \" value=\"331\"><label for=\"answer-id-331\" id=\"answer-label-331\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Matrix match<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-96[]\" id=\"answer-id-328\" class=\"answer   answerof-96 \" value=\"328\"><label for=\"answer-id-328\" id=\"answer-label-328\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Sufficient number of replicate measurements<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-96[]\" id=\"answer-id-334\" class=\"answer   answerof-96 \" value=\"334\"><label for=\"answer-id-334\" id=\"answer-label-334\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Inclusion the sample preparation<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-96[]\" id=\"answer-id-329\" class=\"answer   answerof-96 \" value=\"329\"><label for=\"answer-id-329\" id=\"answer-label-329\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Sufficiently long timeframe<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-96[]\" id=\"answer-id-333\" class=\"answer   answerof-96 \" value=\"333\"><label for=\"answer-id-333\" id=\"answer-label-333\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Reliable reference value<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-96[]\" id=\"answer-id-330\" class=\"answer   answerof-96 \" value=\"330\"><label for=\"answer-id-330\" id=\"answer-label-330\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Homogeneous sample<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><div class=\"watupro-question-choice  \" dir=\"auto\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"answer-96[]\" id=\"answer-id-332\" class=\"answer   answerof-96 \" value=\"332\"><label for=\"answer-id-332\" id=\"answer-label-332\" class=\" answer\"><span><p>Concentration range match<\/p><\/span><\/label><\/div><!-- end question-choices--><\/div><!-- end questionWrap--><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"display:none;\" id=\"liveResult-5\">\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading...\" title=\"Loading...\">\u00a0Loading...\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t   \t<p id=\"liveResBtn-96\" style=\"clear:both;\"><input type=\"button\" id=\"liveResultBtn96\" class=\"liveResultBtn5 watupro-live-result-btn\" value=\"See Answer\" onclick=\"WatuPRO.liveResult(96, 5);\"><\/p>\n\t   <div style=\"display:none\" id=\"question-6\">\n\t<div class=\"question-content\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/plugins\/watupro\/img\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading...\" title=\"Loading...\">\u00a0Loading...\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<br>\n\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"watupro_buttons flex \" id=\"watuPROButtons24\">\n\t\t  <div id=\"prev-question\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type=\"button\" value=\"&lt; 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