{"id":15,"date":"2024-04-03T23:09:23","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:09:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/44-expanded-uncertainty\/"},"modified":"2024-06-19T15:46:59","modified_gmt":"2024-06-19T12:46:59","slug":"44-expanded-uncertainty","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/44-expanded-uncertainty\/","title":{"rendered":"4.4. Expanded uncertainty"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Brief summary:<\/strong> The probability of roughly 68% that is provided by the standard uncertainty is often too low for the users of measurement uncertainty. Therefore measurement uncertainty is presented to customers mostly as <strong>expanded uncertainty<\/strong>, U. Expanded uncertainty is calculated from the standard uncertainty by multiplying it with a <strong>coverage factor<\/strong>, k.<\/p>\n<p>In the case of the pipetting example the <em>k<\/em> = 2 expanded uncertainty is found as follows:<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" border=\"0\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><em>U\u00a0<\/em>(<em>V\u00a0<\/em>) \u00a0= \u00a0<em>u<\/em>c (<em>V\u00a0<\/em>) \u00b7\u00a0<em>k<\/em>\u00a0 =\u00a0 0. 019 ml \u00b7 2\u00a0 =\u00a0 0. 038 ml<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0(4.13)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"right\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">Expanded uncertainty at <\/span><em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">k<\/em><span style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> = 2 level is the most common way of expressing uncertainty of measurement and analysis results.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Calculating the expanded uncertainty<br>\n<\/strong><a style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.uttv.ee\/naita?id=17579\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.uttv.ee\/naita?id=17579<\/a><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=tBwkuL0ap14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=tBwkuL0ap14<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/self-test-4-4\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-60\" title=\"selftest.png\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/selftest.png\" alt=\"selftest.png\" width=\"104\" height=\"41\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Brief summary: The probability of roughly 68% that is provided by the standard uncertainty is often too low for the users of measurement uncertainty. Therefore measurement uncertainty is presented to customers mostly as expanded uncertainty, U. Expanded uncertainty is calculated &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":668,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15\/revisions\/668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/measurement\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}