{"id":2502,"date":"2024-04-04T08:57:03","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T05:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/tuon-toon\/"},"modified":"2025-02-22T09:30:26","modified_gmt":"2025-02-22T07:30:26","slug":"tuon-toon","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/tuon-toon\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u016bo\u0146 \/ Tone"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Two tones are distinguished in Livonian words: <strong>plain tone<\/strong> and <strong>broken tone<\/strong>. In stressed syllables, plain tone is pronounced with a slight rise, while broken tone is rising-falling or falling. For broken tone, the peak of the fundamental frequency is accompanied by laryngealization, i.e., tensing of the laryngeal muscles and irregular oscillation of the vocal cords, and occasionally also a glottal stop. In words with broken tone, the voice sounds more tense. In the image below, the solid line shows the contour for plain tone and the dashed line shows the contour for broken tone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"582\" height=\"258\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/649\/ptk_1_toonikontuurid.png\" alt=\"P\u00fcsitoon ja katketoon liivi s\u00f5nades\" class=\"wp-image-88\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/649\/ptk_1_toonikontuurid.png 582w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/649\/ptk_1_toonikontuurid-300x133.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Plain tone and broken tone in Livonian words<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Listen to Hilda Gr\u012bva\u2019s pronunciation of broken and plain tone. In Livonian, broken tone is marked with an apostrophe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The sentences \u201cK\u012bt\u00f5 <strong>jo\u2019ud <\/strong>v\u0113l. K\u012bt\u00f5 <strong>joud <\/strong>v\u0113l.\u201d \u2018Say <strong>flour <\/strong>some more. Say <strong>power <\/strong>some more.\u2019\u00a0(<strong>jo\u2019ud <\/strong>with broken tone, <strong>joud <\/strong>with plain tone):\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio alignleft\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/649\/ptk_1_katketoon_pusitoon.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The word <span class=\"file media-element file-os-files-link\" data-file_info=\"%7B%22fid%22:%2278278%22,%22view_mode%22:%22os_files_link%22,%22type%22:%22media%22%7D\"><strong>m\u01ed <\/strong>\u2018earth\u2019 with plain tone:\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"file media-element file-os-files-link\" data-file_info=\"%7B%22fid%22:%2278279%22,%22view_mode%22:%22os_files_link%22,%22type%22:%22media%22%7D\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"file-icon\" src=\"\/profiles\/openscholar\/modules\/os\/modules\/os_files\/icons\/audio-x-generic.svg\" alt=\"\"> <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio alignleft\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/649\/ptk_1_pusitoon_moo.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:23px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"file media-element file-os-files-link\" data-file_info=\"%7B%22fid%22:%2278278%22,%22view_mode%22:%22os_files_link%22,%22type%22:%22media%22%7D\">The word <strong>r\u01ed\u2019\u00a0<\/strong>\u2018money\u2019 with broken tone:\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"file media-element file-os-files-link\" data-file_info=\"%7B%22fid%22:%2278280%22,%22view_mode%22:%22os_files_link%22,%22type%22:%22media%22%7D\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"file-icon\" src=\"\/profiles\/openscholar\/modules\/os\/modules\/os_files\/icons\/audio-x-generic.svg\" alt=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio alignleft\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/649\/ptk_1_katketoon_roo.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Two tones are distinguished in Livonian words: plain tone and broken tone. In stressed syllables, plain tone is pronounced with a slight rise, while broken tone is rising-falling or falling. For broken tone, the peak of the fundamental frequency is &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":320,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2502","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2502","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2502"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2502\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2556,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2502\/revisions\/2556"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2502"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}