{"id":1256,"date":"2024-08-28T14:53:51","date_gmt":"2024-08-28T11:53:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/1-6-ilzandoksi-ulesandeid\/"},"modified":"2024-12-21T16:43:47","modified_gmt":"2024-12-21T14:43:47","slug":"1-6-ilzandoksi-ulesandeid","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/1-6-ilzandoksi-ulesandeid\/","title":{"rendered":"1.6. I\u2019lzand\u00f5k\u0161i \/ Exercises"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>If you know some of the sound changes that have occurred in Livonian, it can sometimes be easier to recognize Livonian words. In the following, in addition to Estonian, Finnish is sometimes also included in the comparison, which has often preserved the original form and thus helps to better identify the changes that have occurred.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Before i or j \u2013 s &gt; \u0161 (\u017e), e.g., <em>kak\u0161 <\/em>\u2019two\u2019 (cf. Finnish <em>kaksi<\/em>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>h has been lost in all positions, including at the boundary between the first and second syllables, where it is replaced by the broken tone, e.g., <em>r\u01ed\u2019<\/em> \u2019money\u2019, cf. Estonian <em>raha<\/em>. h does appear in foreign and loanwords as well as in certain interjections.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The first-syllable vowel is lengthened if it is followed by l r n or m, e.g., <em>j\u0101lga <\/em>\u2019leg, foot\u2019, <em>n\u01dflga <\/em>\u2019hunger\u2019, <em>\u01dfrma <\/em>\u2019hoarfrost\u2019, cf. Est. <em>jalg<\/em>, <em>n\u00e4lg<\/em>, <em>h\u00e4rma(tis)<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Word-initially o &gt; v\u022f and e &gt; je, e.g., <em>v\u022ft\u0161\u00f5 <\/em>\u2019to search\u2019, <em>jem\u0101 <\/em>\u2019mother\u2019, cf. Est. <em>otsida<\/em>, <em>ema<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The change a &gt; o occurs before v or u, e.g., <em>lova\u0304 <\/em>\u2019bed, sauna seat\u2019, cf. Est. <em>lava<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Historical mid-high vowels (marked with an asterisk), incl. short vowels, have diphthongized: *e &gt; ie, *\u00f6 &gt; \u00fc\u00f6, *o &gt; uo, *e\u0304 &gt; i\u0304e, *\u022b &gt; \u01d6\u00f6, *o\u0304 &gt; u\u0304o, e.g., *<em>sepp\u00e4 <\/em>&gt; <em>siep\u0101 <\/em>\u2019blacksmith\u2019, *<em>solmi <\/em>&gt; <em>suo\u013cm <\/em>\u2019knot\u2019, cf. Est. <em>sepp<\/em>, <em>s\u00f5lm<\/em>; \u00f6 and \u00fc have been replaced by e and i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a o u &gt; \u00e4 \u00f6 \u00fc in the first syllable due to influence of i or j in the second syllable, e.g., <em>t\u00e4m <\/em>\u2019oak\u2019 (cf. Finnish <em>tammi<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Taking these sound changes into account, solve the exercises on the following pages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<p>Study the Estonian and Finnish words on these pages and find the correct Livonian equivalent from the words below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.6.1. Find the correct corresponding form in Livonian<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:17px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.6.2. Find the correct corresponding form in Livonian<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:23px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.6.3. Find the correct corresponding form in Livonian<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you know some of the sound changes that have occurred in Livonian, it can sometimes be easier to recognize Livonian words. In the following, in addition to Estonian, Finnish is sometimes also included in the comparison, which has often &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":471,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1256","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1256","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/471"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1256"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1567,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1256\/revisions\/1567"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/liivikeel\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}