{"id":10,"date":"2024-04-04T07:50:44","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T04:50:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keemiaabc\/23-keemilised-sidemed\/"},"modified":"2024-06-13T10:15:00","modified_gmt":"2024-06-13T07:15:00","slug":"23-keemilised-sidemed","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keemiaabc\/23-keemilised-sidemed\/","title":{"rendered":"2.3. Keemilised sidemed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Keemiliste sidemete abil moodustuvad aineosakestest erinevad ained. Millised v\u00f5imalused on keemiliste sidemete tekkeks, tutvustab Sulle j\u00e4rgnev video.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h6>Allikas: <a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/59Zr7-zeJ8I\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/59Zr7-zeJ8I\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/59Zr7-zeJ8I<\/a><\/h6>\n<p>Keemiline side on vastastikm\u00f5ju, mis \u00fchendab aatomid v\u00f5i ioonid molekuliks v\u00f5i kristalliks. Keemilise sideme moodustumisega p\u00fc\u00fcavad osakesed saavutada t\u00e4ielikult t\u00e4idetud (8 elektroni) v\u00e4list elektronkihti, sest selline olek on p\u00fcsivaim. Nendel\u00a0elementidel, mille elektronkattes on ainult \u00fcks elektronkiht,\u00a0on t\u00e4ielikult t\u00e4idetud elektronkihil 2 elektroni. Keemilise sideme liigid on\u00a0kovalentne side, iooniline side ja metalliline side. See, milline side tekib, s\u00f5ltub sellest, millised keemilised elemendid omavahel sideme moodustavad.<\/p>\n<p>Kovalentne side on \u00fchiste elektronpaaride abil moodustunud keemiline side. Kovalentne side tekib enamasti mittemetalliliste elementide aatomite vahel, kui aatomid moodustavad v\u00e4liskihi \u00fcksikute elektronide abil \u00fchise(d) elektronpaari(d). Maksimaalselt v\u00f5ib moodustuda kahe aatomi vahel kolmekordne side.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_76\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-76\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-76\" style=\"width: 600px; height: 180px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/546\/kovalentne_side.gif\" alt=\"Kovalentse sideme moodustumine vesiniku aatomite vahel\" width=\"600\" height=\"180\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-76\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kovalentse sideme moodustumine vesiniku aatomite vahel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Iooniline side on vastasm\u00e4rgiliste laengutega ioonide t\u00f5mbumine. Iooniline side tekib, kui metalli aatomid loovutavad oma elektronkatte v\u00e4liskihist elektrone mittemetalli aatomite elektonkatte v\u00e4liskihti.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_78\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-78\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-78\" style=\"width: 600px; height: 175px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/546\/iooniline_side.gif\" alt=\"Ioonilise sideme teke kloori iooni ja naatriumi iooni vahel\" width=\"600\" height=\"175\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-78\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ioonilise sideme teke kloori iooni ja naatriumi iooni vahel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Metalliline side esineb metallide lihtainetes. Metalliside moodustub metalli kristallv\u00f5res paiknevate positiivsete ioonide ja nende ioonide vahel liikuvate \u00fchiste vabade elektronide omavahelisel t\u00f5mbumisel.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-79\" style=\"width: 335px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-79\" style=\"width: 335px; height: 211px;\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/546\/metalliline_side_uus.gif\" alt=\"Metalliline side\" width=\"335\" height=\"211\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-79\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Metalliline side<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ainete omadused s\u00f5ltuvad nende ehitusest. Seejuures on v\u00e4ga oluline, kas aine koosneb molekulidest v\u00f5i mitte. Sellest l\u00e4htuvalt saabki ained liigitada molekulaarseteks ja mittemolekulaarseteks.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69dc491bec30f-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69dc491bec30f-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69dc491bec30f-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 1<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69dc491bec30f-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69dc491bec30f-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Keemiliste sidemete abil moodustuvad aineosakestest erinevad ained. Millised v\u00f5imalused on keemiliste sidemete tekkeks, tutvustab Sulle j\u00e4rgnev video.\u00a0 Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega. Muuda n\u00f5usolekut Allikas: https:\/\/youtu.be\/59Zr7-zeJ8I Keemiline side on vastastikm\u00f5ju, mis \u00fchendab aatomid v\u00f5i ioonid molekuliks v\u00f5i kristalliks. &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":276,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keemiaabc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keemiaabc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keemiaabc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keemiaabc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/276"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keemiaabc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keemiaabc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":567,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keemiaabc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10\/revisions\/567"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keemiaabc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}