{"id":280,"date":"2024-04-04T05:03:46","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T02:03:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keeleylesanded\/tuvemitmus-vanas-opikus-ii-0\/"},"modified":"2024-11-29T13:10:59","modified_gmt":"2024-11-29T11:10:59","slug":"tuvemitmus-vanas-opikus-ii-0","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keeleylesanded\/tuvemitmus-vanas-opikus-ii-0\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcvemitmus vanas \u00f5pikus (II)"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00e4nap\u00e4evases eesti keeles kasutatakse tuvemitmust peamiselt osastavas k\u00e4\u00e4ndes (v.a \u00f5nnelik-<\/i>t\u00fc\u00fcp, kus tuvemitmus on de-<\/i>mitmusest tavalisem). Muid k\u00e4\u00e4ndevorme kasutatakse fraseologismides ja liits\u00f5nades (nt k\u00e4sil <\/i><\/b>olema, munele <\/b>hakkama<\/i>). Vanemas keelepruugis on tuvemitmus m\u00e4rksa sagedasem.
\nVarem nimetati tuvemitmust i-<\/i>mitmuseks, sest keeleajalooliselt on tegemist i-<\/i>tunnuselise vormiga.<\/span><\/p>\n

J\u00e4rgnev reeglistik on p\u00e4rit 1942. aastal ilmunud \u00f5pikust \u201eEesti keele grammatika g\u00fcmnaasiumile III. T\u00e4iendav kursus\u201c (autor Henno J\u00e4nes).<\/span><\/p>\n

(partitiiv = osastav k\u00e4\u00e4ne, genitiiv = omastav k\u00e4\u00e4ne)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

L\u00fchike mitmuse partitiiv<\/span><\/span>. L\u00fchikese mitmuse partitiivi l\u00f5pul v\u00f5ib leiduda e<\/b>, u<\/b> v\u00f5i i<\/b>. See oleneb s\u00f5na t\u00fcvevokaalist<\/span> ja a-t\u00fcvelistel pealeselle veel esimese silbi<\/span> esimesest vokaalist<\/span>. J\u00e4rgmise tabeli p\u00f5hjal on v\u00f5imalik leida l\u00fchikese mitm. partitiivi l\u00f5ppvokaal.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
I silbi vokaal<\/th>\nT\u00fcve l\u00f5pp-vokaal<\/th>\nMitm.part. l\u00f5ppvokaal<\/th>\nN\u00e4ited<\/th>\nErandid<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
<\/td>\ne<\/td>\ni<\/td>\nhetki, nurmi<\/em><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\ni<\/td>\ne<\/td>\nkeppe, sokke, piiskoppe<\/em><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nu<\/td>\ne<\/td>\nkulme, iseloome<\/em><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ai\n

\u00f5<\/p>\n

i<\/p>\n

ei<\/p>\n

\u00e4i<\/p><\/td>\n

a<\/td>\nu<\/td>\nkanu, aegu, asju<\/em>sigu, linnu<\/em>\n

m\u00f5\u00f5ku, \u00f5unu<\/em><\/p>\n

seinu<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00e4iu<\/em><\/p><\/td>\n

pikk \u2013 pikki<\/em>king \u2013 kingi<\/em>\n

silm \u2013 silmi<\/i>[1]<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\nkeni, relvi; kelli, metsi<\/em><\/td>\n\n

1) i <\/i>ja j <\/i>j\u00e4rel i <\/b>muutub e<\/b>-ks: nuie<\/i>, t\u00fchje<\/i>[2]<\/span><\/a>;<\/span><\/p>\n

2) 2-silbilistel esmav\u00e4ltelistel s\u00f5nadel, mil on esimeses silbis o <\/b>v\u00f5i u<\/b>, on mitm. partitiivis e<\/b> (v\u00e4lja arvatud oma, osa \u2013 omi, osi<\/i>)<\/span><\/p>\n

oda \u2013 ode; muna \u2013 mune; tuba \u2013 tube<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

i-<\/span><\/span><\/i>mitmuse<\/span><\/span> k\u00e4\u00e4nded moodustatakse mitm. partitiivi p\u00f5hjal j\u00e4rgmiselt:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Kui mitm. partitiivi l\u00f5pul on -id<\/b>, siis j\u00e4etakse -d<\/b> l\u00f5pust \u00e4ra ja liidetakse saadud t\u00fcvele soovitava k\u00e4\u00e4nde l\u00f5pp: m\u00f5ttei-d \u2013 m\u00f5ttei-s, mai-d \u2013 mai-le.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Kui mitm. partitiivi l\u00f5pul on u, i <\/i><\/b>v\u00f5i e<\/i><\/b>, siis liidetakse mitm. partitiivile soovitava k\u00e4\u00e4nde l\u00f5pp. Astmevahelduslikel s\u00f5nul muudetakse seejuures tugevaastmeline t\u00fcvi n\u00f5rgaastmeliseks: vanu \u2013 vanule, kive \u2013 kivel, \u00f5nnelikke \u2013 \u00f5nnelikele, lehti \u2013 lehile.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  3. S\u00f5nadel, mil mitm. partitiivi l\u00f5pul on sid<\/b>, i-mitmus puudub.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Kui i-<\/i>mitmuses j <\/i>sattub i <\/i>ette, siis ei j\u00e4\u00e4 h\u00e4\u00e4liku\u00fchend ji <\/i>p\u00fcsima, vaid:<\/span><\/span>\n
      \n
    1. a-<\/span><\/i>t\u00fcvelistel s\u00f5nadel muutub ji je-<\/i>ks (n\u00e4lg \u2013 n\u00e4ljele, h\u00e4rg \u2013 h\u00e4rjele<\/i>)<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    2. e-<\/span><\/i>t\u00fcvelistel s\u00f5nadel ji <\/i>muutub i-<\/i>ks (j\u00e4lg \u2013 j\u00e4lile, k\u00fclg \u2013 k\u00fclile<\/i>).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
    3. Mitm. partitiivi t\u00fcves olev s <\/i>j\u00e4\u00e4b i-<\/i>mitmuses p\u00fcsima (uusi \u2013 uusile, varsi \u2013 varsil<\/i>).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      <\/div>\n
      \n

      [1]<\/span><\/a> Lisaks neile kolmele veel viis v\u00e4hem esinevat s\u00f5na: iga \u2013 igi, isa \u2013 isi, iva \u2013 ivi, lisa \u2013 lisi, nisa \u2013 nisi. <\/i>S\u00f5nust iga, isa, lisa <\/i>tarvitatakse harilikult aga sid-<\/i>l\u00f5pulisi vorme: igasid, isasid, lisasid.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      [2]<\/span><\/a> S\u00f5nadest neli <\/i>ja v\u00e4li <\/i>on lubatud reeglip\u00e4raste vormide nelje, v\u00e4lje <\/i>k\u00f5rval tarvitada ka vorme nelju, v\u00e4lju<\/i>, mis viimased ongi eelistatavad.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n
      \n

      i-<\/span><\/i><\/b>mitmuse tarvitamist peeti ebasoovitavaks, kui eespool esitatud reeglite j\u00e4rgi moodustatud i-<\/i>mitmuse vorm langes kokku m\u00f5ne muu s\u00f5na m\u00f5ne vormiga. J\u00e4rgnevad n\u00e4ited sellistest mitmusevormidest. Kirjuta iga s\u00f5navormi j\u00e4rele, millisest s\u00f5nast see i-mitmuse vorm on saadud. <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      N\u00e4ide: \u00f5lul \u2013 algvorm \u00f5lg <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      M\u00f5ne s\u00f5na puhul on mitu v\u00f5imalust, aga \u00fchest piisab.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      metsis<\/td>\n<\/td>\nvahel<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      emis<\/td>\n<\/td>\np\u00f5llul<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      v\u00f5ides<\/td>\n<\/td>\nrajul<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      v\u00f5lus<\/td>\n<\/td>\npardel<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      pikiks<\/td>\n<\/td>\nkohina<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00f5lile<\/td>\n<\/td>\najul<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      t\u00e4his<\/td>\n<\/td>\nrahus<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      valgesse<\/td>\n<\/td>\njuustesse<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
      <\/div>\n
      \n
      \n
      \n

      \n<\/p><\/div>\n

      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      2018<\/p>\n

      vanem<\/p>\n

      piirkonnavoor<\/p>\n

      Vastus<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      T\u00e4nap\u00e4evases eesti keeles kasutatakse tuvemitmust peamiselt osastavas k\u00e4\u00e4ndes (v.a \u00f5nnelik-t\u00fc\u00fcp, kus tuvemitmus on de-mitmusest tavalisem). Muid k\u00e4\u00e4ndevorme kasutatakse fraseologismides ja liits\u00f5nades (nt k\u00e4sil olema, munele hakkama). Vanemas keelepruugis on tuvemitmus m\u00e4rksa sagedasem. Varem nimetati tuvemitmust i-mitmuseks, sest keeleajalooliselt on tegemist …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":185,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-280","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keeleylesanded\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/280","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keeleylesanded\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keeleylesanded\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keeleylesanded\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/185"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keeleylesanded\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=280"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keeleylesanded\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/280\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2012,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keeleylesanded\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/280\/revisions\/2012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/keeleylesanded\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}