{"id":4,"date":"2024-04-03T23:27:36","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:27:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/jooksmine\/vastupidavuse-alused\/"},"modified":"2024-04-03T23:27:45","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:27:45","slug":"vastupidavuse-alused","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/jooksmine\/vastupidavuse-alused\/","title":{"rendered":"Vastupidavuse alused"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vastupidavus on v\u00f5ime kestva tegevuse s\u00e4ilitamiseks vajalikul tasemel, mis \u00a0m\u00e4\u00e4rab \u00e4ra ts\u00fckliliste tegevuste kiiruse. Vastupidavusaladel takistab k\u00f5rgete v\u00f5istluskiiruste saavutamist ja s\u00e4ilitamist s\u00fcvenev v\u00e4simus. J\u00e4relikult on vastupidavusaladel p\u00f5hiline \u00fclesanne treeningprotsessis v\u00e4simuse tekke momendi v\u00f5imalikult kaugele nihutamine ja organismi v\u00e4simuse talumise v\u00f5ime t\u00f5stmine.\u00a0Noorteklassis ja tervisespordis peaks esiplaanil olema v\u00e4simuse tekke kaugemale nihutamine.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Treeningtegevuse k\u00e4igus arendatakse erinevaid t\u00f6\u00f6v\u00f5ime komponente: \u00fcldisi ja spetsiifilisi.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00dcldised t\u00f6\u00f6v\u00f5ime komponendid<\/strong> peegeldavad s\u00fcdame-vereringe ja hingamiss\u00fcsteemi funktsionaalset seisundit ja on omased sportliku tegevuse erinevatele liikidele. Seet\u00f5ttu on vastupidavustreening v\u00e4ga mitmekesine ja treeningtegevuseks v\u00f5ib kasutada erinevaid spordialasid: ujumine, jalgrattas\u00f5it, suusatamine, s\u00f5udmine. Need k\u00f5ik arendavad organismi tsentraalseid mehhanisme.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Spetsiifilised t\u00f6\u00f6v\u00f5ime komponendid<\/strong> l\u00e4htuvad spordiala ise\u00e4rasustest, mis seostuvad eelk\u00f5ige kohanemistega vastavates valikulistes n\u00e4rvilihasstruktuurides. See t\u00e4hendab, et jooksja areneb joostes ning sealjuures on oluline vastav v\u00f5istlusr\u00fctm, tempo millega tuleb teatud distants l\u00e4bida. Sellele kiirusele vastavad teatud n\u00e4rvilihasaparaadi v\u00f5imekus, ainevahetuslikud reaktsioonid ja tsentraalsete mehhanismide t\u00f6\u00f6sse rakendumise tase.<\/p>\n<p>Lihtsustatult v\u00f5iksime vastupidavusalade sportlaste erialast t\u00f6\u00f6v\u00f5imet vaadelda p\u00fcramiidina, mille aluseks on j\u00f5ud ja vastupidavus, tipuks aga kiirus (vaata joonist). Seet\u00f5ttu ei saa vastupidavustreening olla edukas kui treener ja sportlane ei tunne v\u00e4simuse tekkemehhanisme, organismi ainevahetuse ja n\u00e4rvilihasaparaadi tegevuse aspekte, mis on aluseks vastupidavustreeningu tehnoloogiale ning treeningumeetodite ja vahendite valikule. Nende teadmiste olemasolul on treeningprotsess enam juhitavam. \u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center\">Kesk \u2013 ja pikamaajooksja spetsiaalse t\u00f6\u00f6v\u00f5ime p\u00fcramiid (Nurmekivi, 1994).\u00a0<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"634\" height=\"357\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-20\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/98\/joon1.png\" title=\"joon1.png\" alt=\"joon1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/98\/joon1.png 634w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/98\/joon1-300x169.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 634px) 100vw, 634px\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vastupidavus on v\u00f5ime kestva tegevuse s\u00e4ilitamiseks vajalikul tasemel, mis \u00a0m\u00e4\u00e4rab \u00e4ra ts\u00fckliliste tegevuste kiiruse. Vastupidavusaladel takistab k\u00f5rgete v\u00f5istluskiiruste saavutamist ja s\u00e4ilitamist s\u00fcvenev v\u00e4simus. J\u00e4relikult on vastupidavusaladel p\u00f5hiline \u00fclesanne treeningprotsessis v\u00e4simuse tekke momendi v\u00f5imalikult kaugele nihutamine ja organismi v\u00e4simuse talumise v\u00f5ime &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/jooksmine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/jooksmine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/jooksmine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/jooksmine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/jooksmine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/jooksmine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":132,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/jooksmine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4\/revisions\/132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/jooksmine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}