{"id":9,"date":"2024-04-04T07:30:14","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T04:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/24-arvutusulesanded-reaktsioonivorrandi-pohjal\/"},"modified":"2025-04-05T20:42:07","modified_gmt":"2025-04-05T17:42:07","slug":"24-arvutusulesanded-reaktsioonivorrandi-pohjal","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/24-arvutusulesanded-reaktsioonivorrandi-pohjal\/","title":{"rendered":"2.4. Arvutus\u00fclesanded reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi p\u00f5hjal"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Keemias tuleb sageli teha arvutusi reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandite p\u00f5hjal. Selleks tuleb k\u00f5igepealt kirjutada reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrand ja see ka tasakaalustada. Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandis olevad kordajad n\u00e4itavad reageerivate ja tekkivate ainete hulka moolides. Kuidas reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi kordajaid arvutustes kasutada ning milliseid arvutusi reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi alusel v\u00f5ib teha, saad vaadata j\u00e4rgmisest videost.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h6 style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Allikas:\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><a data-url=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/m-orM45x_iw\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/m-orM45x_iw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/m-orM45x_iw<\/a><br>\n<\/h6>\n<h5 style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi kordajad v\u00e4ljendavad reageerivate ainete hulkade suhet moolides.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><br>\n<\/h5>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Selleks, et teha arvutusi reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandite p\u00f5hjal, tuleb k\u00f5igepealt aru saada, et reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi kordajad v\u00e4ljendavad reageerivate ainete hulkade suhet moolides.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">V\u00f5ttes aluseks lihtsa keemilise reaktsiooni, kus hapniku ja vesiniku \u00fchinemisel tekib vesi, saame kirja panna j\u00e4rgneva reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 40px\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">2 H<sub>2<\/sub> + O<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span> \u2192 2 H<\/span><\/span><\/span><sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">O<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrand n\u00e4itab, et kaks mooli vesinikku reageerib \u00fche mooli hapnikuga ning tekib kaks mooli vett. Oletame, et meil on vaja saada aga 10 mooli vett. Tasakaalus reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi kohaselt on meil aga kaks mooli vett. Selleks, et saada 10 mooli vett, tuleb v\u00f5tta viiekordne kogus aineid. Seega saame \u00f6elda, et 10 mooli vee saamiseks on vaja:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 40px\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">vesinikku 5 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"background:white\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\">$\\times $ <\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">2 mol = 10 mol<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 40px\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">hapnikku 5 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"background:white\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\">$\\times $<\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\"> 1 mol = 5 mol<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Arvutus\u00fclesannete lahendamisel v\u00f5id juhinduda j\u00e4rgnevatest sammudest:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n\t\tLoe \u00fclesande tekst m\u00f5ttega l\u00e4bi ning pane paika l\u00e4hteained ja saadused.\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tKirjuta tekstile vastav reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrand ning tasakaalusta see.\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tKirjuta v\u00e4lja andmed ja otsitav suurus.\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tL\u00e4hteainete massid v\u00f5i ruumalad tuleb \u00fcmber arvutada moolideks.\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tKasutades moolsuhet (reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi kordajaid) leia otsitava aine hulk moolides.\n\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\tVajadusel arvuta otsitava aine moolid \u00fcmber massiks v\u00f5i ruumalaks.\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Tuleta varasemast meelde ka j\u00e4rgmised valemid, mida v\u00f5ib arvutustes vaja minna. Ainehulga arvutamine:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\n\t$n=\\frac{m}{M}$\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\"><i>n\u00a0<\/i>\u2013 ainehulk\u00a0(\u00fchik mool, l\u00fchend mol)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><br><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">m <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">\u2013 aine massi (\u00fchik gramm) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><br><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">M <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">\u2013 molaarmass (\u00fchik g\/mol)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\n\t$n=\\frac{N}{N_{A}}$\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">N\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">\u2013 osakeste arv (\u00fchik osakene)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><br><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">N<sub>A<\/sub> \u2013 Avogadro arv, mille v\u00e4\u00e4rtus on 6,02 <\/span><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"background:white\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\">\u00d7<\/span><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">10<sup>23<\/sup> osakest\/mol<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;text-align: center\">\n\t$n=\\frac{V}{V_{m}}$\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">V\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">\u2013 aine ruumala (\u00fchik dm<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><br><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">V<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">m<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\"> \u2013 molaarruumala (v\u00e4\u00e4rtus 22,4 dm<sup>3<\/sup>\/mol\u00a0normaaltingimustel)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<h2>\n\tN\u00e4idis\u00fclesanne 1. Moolilt moolile \u00fcleminek<br>\n<\/h2>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\" cellspacing=\"1\" style=\"width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">\n\t\t\t\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">1. Loeme teksti l\u00e4bi ning paneme kirja l\u00e4hteained, milleks on vesinik ja hapnik.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/td>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Mitu mooli hapnikku kulub reageerimiseks 12 mol vesinikuga?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">2. Kirjutame ja tasakaalustame tekstile vastava reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/td>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">2 H<sub>2<\/sub> + O<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span> \u2192 2H<\/span><\/span><\/span><sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">O<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">\u00a03. Kirjutame v\u00e4lja andmed ja otsitava.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/u><\/i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">(H<sub>2<\/sub>) = 12 mol<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/u><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">(O<sub>2<\/sub>) = ?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t4. <span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Vaja on leida \u00fche aine moolid teise aine moolide j\u00e4rgi. Seega ei pea \u00fcle minema ei massile ega ruumalale, vaid lihtsalt arvestama moolsuhet. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Tasakaalustatud reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist on n\u00e4ha, et H<sub>2<\/sub> ja O<sub>2<\/sub> moolsuhe on 2:1. Kirjutame v\u00e4lja j\u00e4rgneva seose:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\",serif\">\u00a02 \u2013 1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\",serif\">12 mol \u2013 x mol<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n\t\t\t\t<span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\",serif\">5. Avaldame hapniku moolide arvu.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t$n(O_{2})=\\frac{12 mol\\times 1}{2}= 6 mol$\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Kui sa ei soovi seost v\u00e4lja kirjutada, v\u00f5id ka m\u00f5elda, et hapnikku peab olema 2 korda v\u00e4hem kui vesinikku ning sellest tulenevalt saad arvutada<i> n<\/i>(O<sub>2<\/sub>) = 12 mol \/ 2 = 6 mol<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\t<\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de654406fc8-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de654406fc8-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de654406fc8-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 1<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de654406fc8-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de654406fc8-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n<p style=\"margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm\">\n\n\n<\/p><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de654406fd2-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de654406fd2-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de654406fd2-collapse\">\u00dclesande 1 lahendused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de654406fd2-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de654406fd2-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p>1.1. Mitu mooli hapnikku kulub reageerimiseks 12 mooli kaaliumiga?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>3 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus. <\/b>Esmalt kirjutame v\u00e4lja reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi kaaliumi ja hapniku vahel.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\">4K + O<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 2K<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Meil on teada kaaliumi moolide arv (12 mol), otsime hapniku moolide arvu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i>n<\/i>(K) = 12 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i>n<\/i>(O<sub>2<\/sub>) = ?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Tasakaalustatud reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist on n\u00e4ha, et K ja O<sub>2<\/sub> moolsuhe on 4:1. J\u00e4relikult peab O<sub>2<\/sub> moolide arv olema 4 korda v\u00e4iksem ehk 12\/4 = 3 mol.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Alternatiivse lahendusena kirjutame v\u00e4lja j\u00e4rgneva seose:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">4 \u2013 1 = 12 mol \u2013 <i>x<\/i> mol (<i>x<\/i> on hapniku moolide arv)<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Siit saame avaldada hapniku moolide arvu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n(O_2) = {12mol*1 \\over 4}=3mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">\n<\/p><p>1.2. Etanool, mille summaarne valem on C<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>6<\/sub>O, p\u00f5leb hapniku juuresolekul andes vee ja s\u00fcsihappegaasi. Mitu mooli etanooli p\u00f5les, kui reaktsiooni k\u00e4igus eraldus 2,5 mooli s\u00fcsihappegaasi?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>1,25 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Kirjutame v\u00e4lja etanooli hapniku juuresolekul p\u00f5lemise v\u00f5rrandi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\">C<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>6<\/sub>O + 3O<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 2CO<sub>2<\/sub> + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Siit n\u00e4eme, et \u00fche mooli etanooli p\u00f5lemisel tekib kaks mooli s\u00fcsihappegaasi, suhe on 1:2. Reaktsiooni k\u00e4igus tekkis 2,5 mooli s\u00fcsihappegaasi, seega etanooli oli kaks korda v\u00e4hem ehk 1,25 mooli.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">\n<\/p><p>1.3. Naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi ja vesinikkloriidhappe vahelist reaktsiooni nimetatakse ka neutralisatsioonireaktsiooniks. Mitu mooli naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi peab reageerima 73 grammi vesinikkloriidhappega selle m\u00f5ju neutraliseerimiseks?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>2 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus: <\/b>Kirjutame v\u00e4lja naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi ja vesinikkloriidhappe vahelise neutralisatsioonireaktsiooni:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\">NaOH + HCl \u2192 NaCl + H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">On teada HCl mass (<i>m<\/i> = 73 grammi), mille p\u00f5hjal saame leida HCl moolide arvu<i> n<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n={m \\over M} = {73g \\over 36,5 g\/mol} = 2mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist n\u00e4eme, et naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi ja vesinikkloriidhappe moolsuhe on 1:1. J\u00e4relikult on naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi tarvis samuti 2 mooli.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">\n<\/p><p>1.4. Rakuhingamise saab summaarselt kokku v\u00f5tta j\u00e4rgmise reaktsiooniga:<\/p>\n<p>C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub> + 6O<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 6CO<sub>2<\/sub> + 6H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p>Mitu mooli hapnikku kulub 15 mooli gl\u00fckoosi lagundamiseks?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 90 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Lahendus:<\/span><\/span><\/b><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist n\u00e4eme, et gl\u00fckoosi ja hapniku moolsuhe on 1:6. Seega kulub gl\u00fckoosi lagundamisel hapnikku kuus korda rohkem kui gl\u00fckoosi ehk 15\u00a0<\/span><\/span><b><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">\u00d7\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">6 = 90 mol.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<h2>N\u00e4idis\u00fclesanne 2. Moolilt massile \u00fcleminek<\/h2>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" style=\"width: 100%;\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">1. Loeme teksti l\u00e4bi ning paneme kirja, et nii vesinik kui ka hapnik on l\u00e4hteained ning tekib vesi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Mitu grammi vett tekib, kui hapnik reageerib 2 mol vesinikuga?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2. Kirjutame ja tasakaalustame tekstile vastava reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2 H<sub>2<\/sub> + O<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> \u2192 2 H<\/span><\/span><sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2<\/span><\/span><\/sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">O<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">\u00a03. Kirjutame v\u00e4lja andmed ja otsitava.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">n<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">(H<sub>2<\/sub>) = 2 mol<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">(H<sub>2<\/sub>O) = ?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">\u00a04. Vaja on leida \u00fche aine mass teise aine moolide arvu j\u00e4rgi. J\u00e4relikult tuleb k\u00f5igepealt leida vee moolide arv, arvestades moolsuhet. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Tasakaalustatud reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist on n\u00e4ha, et H<sub>2<\/sub> ja H<sub>2<\/sub>O moolsuhe on 2:2 ehk moolide arvud on v\u00f5rdsed.\u00a0 Sellest saame j\u00e4reldada, et ka <i>n<\/i>(H<sub>2<\/sub>O) = 2 mol.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">\u00a05. \u00dclesandes k\u00fcsitakse aga vee massi. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Moolid ja massid sidus j\u00e4rgnev valem:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>$n=\\frac{m}{M}$<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">6. Avaldame valemist massi:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"> = <i>n <\/i>$\\times $ <i>M<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">7. Arvutame H<sub>2<\/sub>O molaarmassi:<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">M<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(H<sub>2<\/sub>O) = 2 $\\times $ 1 + 16 = 18 g\/mol<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">8. Arvutame H<sub>2<\/sub>O massi:<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m <\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">= <i>n <\/i>$\\times $ <i>M <\/i>= 2 mol $\\times $ 18 g\/mol = 36 g<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de654406fd6-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de654406fd6-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de654406fd6-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 2<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de654406fd6-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de654406fd6-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">\n\n\n<\/p><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de654406fde-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de654406fde-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de654406fde-collapse\">\u00dclesande 2 lahendused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de654406fde-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de654406fde-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">2.1 Magneesiumi ja vesinikkloriidhappe vahelisel reaktsioonil eraldub vesinikku. Mitu mooli vesinikku eraldub reaktsioonil 3,6 grammi magneesiumiga?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 0,15 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Kirjutame v\u00e4lja magneesiumi ja vesinikkloriidhappe vahelise reaktsiooni:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 80px;\">Mg + 2HCl \u2192 MgCl<sub>2<\/sub> + H<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 40px;\">On teada magneesiumi mass <i>m<\/i>(Mg) = 3,6 grammi, vaja on leida vesiniku moolide arv <i>n<\/i>(H<sub>2<\/sub>). Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist n\u00e4eme, et \u00fche mooli magneesiumi reageerimisel tekib \u00fcks mool vesinikku ehk moolsuhe on 1:1. J\u00e4rgmise sammuna leiame magneesiumi moolide arvu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n= {m\\over M} = {3.6g \\over 24g\/mol}=0.15mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 40px;\">Kuna moolsuhe on 1:1, tekib vesinikku samuti 0,15 mol.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 40px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">2.2 Naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi ja vesinikkloriidhappe vahelist reaktsiooni nimetatakse ka neutralisatsioonireaktsiooniks. Mitu grammi naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi peab reageerima 73 grammi vesinikkloriidhappega selle m\u00f5ju neutraliseerimiseks?<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>80 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus<\/b>: Kirjutame v\u00e4lja naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi ja vesinikkloriidhappe vahelise neutralisatsioonireaktsiooni:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\">NaOH + HCl \u2192 NaCl + H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">On teada HCl mass (<i>m<\/i> = 73 grammi), mille p\u00f5hjal saame leida HCl moolide arvu<i> n<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n= {m \\over M} = {73g \\over 36,5g\/mol}=2mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist n\u00e4eme, et naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi ja vesinikkloriidhappe moolsuhe on 1:1. J\u00e4relikult on naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi tarvis samuti 2 mooli. Leiame selle ainehulga massi:<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0M\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">2 mol \u00d7 40\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">g\/<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">mol\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">= 80 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">2.3 Mitu mooli v\u00e4\u00e4velhapet kulub reageerimiseks 35 grammi liitiumiga?<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>2,5 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus<\/b>: kirjutame v\u00e4lja reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi: 2Li + H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub> \u2192 Li<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub> + H<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">N\u00e4eme, et liitiumi ja v\u00e4\u00e4velhappe moolsuhe on reageerimisel 2:1. Meil on teada liitiumi mass (<i>m<\/i> = 35 g), sellest leiame liitiumi moolide arvu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n= {m \\over M} = {35g \\over 7g\/mol}=5mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Moolsuhte 2:1 j\u00e4rgi leiame, et v\u00e4\u00e4velhapet kulub kaks korda v\u00e4hem kui liitiumit, seega 5\/2 = 2,5 mooli.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">2.4 Rakuhingamise saab summaarselt kokku v\u00f5tta j\u00e4rgmise reaktsiooniga:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub> + 6O<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 6CO<sub>2<\/sub> + 6H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">Mitu grammi hapnikku kulub 15 mooli gl\u00fckoosi lagundamiseks?<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 2880 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus: <\/b>Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist n\u00e4eme, et gl\u00fckoosi ja hapniku moolsuhe on 1:6. Seega kulub gl\u00fckoosi lagundamisel hapnikku kuus korda rohkem kui gl\u00fckoosi ehk 15<b>\u00d7<\/b>6 = 90 mol. Leiame selle ainehulga massi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">m\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0M\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">90 mol \u00d7 32<\/span><\/span> <span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">g\/<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">mol<\/span><\/span> <span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">= 2880 g<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<h2>N\u00e4idis\u00fclesanne 3. Moolilt ruumalale \u00fcleminek<\/h2>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" style=\"width: 100%;\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">1. Loeme teksti l\u00e4bi ning paneme kirja l\u00e4hteained vesiniku ja hapniku.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Mitu kuupdetsimeetrit hapnikku reageerib 3 mol vesinikuga?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2. Kirjutame ja tasakaalustame tekstile vastava reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2 H<sub>2<\/sub> + O<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> \u2192 2 H<\/span><\/span><sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2<\/span><\/span><\/sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">O<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">3. Kirjutame v\u00e4lja andmed ja otsitava.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">n<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">(H<sub>2<\/sub>) = 3 mol<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">V<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">(O<sub>2<\/sub>) = ?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">4. Vaja on leida \u00fche aine ruumala teise aine moolide j\u00e4rgi. Seega tuleb k\u00f5igepealt leida hapniku moolid, arvestades moolsuhet. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Tasakaalustatud reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist on n\u00e4ha, et H<sub>2<\/sub> ja O<sub>2<\/sub> moolsuhe on 2:1 ehk hapnikku on 2 korda v\u00e4hem. Sellest saame j\u00e4reldada, et <i>n<\/i>(O<sub>2<\/sub>) = 3 mol \/ 2 = 1,5 mol.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">5. \u00dclesandes k\u00fcsitakse aga hapniku ruumala. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Moolid ja ruumala sidus j\u00e4rgnev valem:<\/span><\/span><\/span><br>$n=\\frac{V}{V_{m}}$<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">6. Avaldame valemist ruumala:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">V <\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">= <i>n <\/i>$\\times $ <i>V<\/i><sub>m<\/sub><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">7. Arvutame hapniku ruumala:<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">V<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> = <i>n <\/i>$\\times $ <i>V<\/i><sub>m<\/sub> = 1,5 mol $\\times $ 22,4 dm<sup>3<\/sup>\/mol = 33,6 dm<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de654406fe2-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de654406fe2-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de654406fe2-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 3<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de654406fe2-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de654406fe2-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">\n\n\n<\/p><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de654406feb-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de654406feb-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de654406feb-collapse\">\u00dclesande 3 lahendused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de654406feb-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de654406feb-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.1 Magneesiumi ja vesinikkloriidhappe vahelisel reaktsioonil eraldub vesinikku. Mitu kuupdetsimeetrit vesinikku (nt.) eraldub reaktsioonil 3,6 grammi magneesiumiga?<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>3,36 dm<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Kirjutame v\u00e4lja magneesiumi ja vesinikkloriidhappe vahelise reaktsiooni:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\">Mg + 2HCl \u2192 MgCl<sub>2<\/sub> + H<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">On teada magneesiumi mass <i>m<\/i>(Mg) = 3,6 grammi, vaja on leida vesiniku ruumala <i>V<\/i>(H<sub>2<\/sub>). Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist n\u00e4eme, et \u00fche mooli magneesiumi reageerimisel tekib \u00fcks mool vesinikku ehk moolsuhe on 1:1. J\u00e4rgmise sammuna leiame magneesiumi moolide arvu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n= {m \\over M} = {3,6g \\over 24g\/mol}=0,15mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Kuna moolsuhe on 1:1, tekib vesinikku samuti 0,15 mol. Leiame molaarruumala abil selle ainehulga ruumala:<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">V\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">V<\/span><\/i><sub><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>m<\/sub><\/span><\/i><\/sub><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">0,15 mol \u00d7 22,4 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\">3<\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"ET\">\/mol =\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">3,36 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\">3<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.2 Mitu kuupdetsimeetrit vesinikku (nt.) tekib v\u00e4\u00e4velhappe reageerimisel 35 grammi liitiumiga?<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus<\/b>: 56 dm<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Kirjutame v\u00e4lja reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi: 2Li + H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub> \u2192 Li<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub> + H<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">N\u00e4eme, et liitiumi ja tekkiva vesiniku moolsuhe on 2:1. Meil on teada liitiumi mass (<i>m<\/i> = 35 g), sellest leiame liitiumi moolide arvu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n= {m \\over M} = {35g \\over 7g\/mol}=5mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Moolsuhte 2:1 j\u00e4rgi leiame, et vesinikku tekib moolides kaks korda v\u00e4hem kui on reageerivat liitiumi, seega 5\/2 = 2,5 mooli. Leiame molaarruumala abil selle ainehulga ruumala:<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">V\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">V<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>m<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">2,5 mol \u00d7 22,4 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\">3<\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"ET\">\/mol =\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">56 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\">3<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.3 Mitu kuupdetsimeetrit hapnikku kulub reageerimiseks 6,8 dm<sup>3<\/sup> vesinikuga (nt.)?<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 3,4 dm<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> kirjutame v\u00e4lja reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi: 2H<sub>2<\/sub> + O<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">N\u00e4eme, et vesiniku ja hapniku moolsuhe on 2:1. Leiame vesiniku ruumala kaudu vesiniku moolide arvu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n= {V \\over V_m} = {6,8dm^3 \\over 22,4dm^3\/mol}=0.3mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Hapnikku kulub moolides kaks korda v\u00e4hem kui vesinikku, seega 0,3\/2 = 0,15 mooli. Sellest saame leida hapniku ruumala:<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">V\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">V<\/span><\/i><sub><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>m<\/sub><\/span><\/i><\/sub><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">0,15 mol \u00d7 22,4\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\">3<\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"ET\">\/mol =\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">3,4 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\">3<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Alternatiivse lahendusena saab moolsuhte abil otse vesiniku ruumala teades hapniku ruumala leida, sest aine moolide arv <i>n<\/i> ja ruumala <i>V<\/i> on omavahel seoses konstandi, molaarruumala <i>V<sub>m<\/sub> <\/i>kaudu. Seega, kuna vesiniku ruumala <i>V<\/i> on 6,8 dm<sup>3<\/sup> ja moolsuhe hapnikuga on 2:1, kulub hapnikku kaks korda v\u00e4hem ehk 6,8\/2 = 3,4 dm<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.4 Rakuhingamise saab summaarselt kokku v\u00f5tta j\u00e4rgmise reaktsiooniga:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub> + 6O<sub>2<\/sub>\u2192 6CO<sub>2<\/sub> + 6H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">Mitu liitrit hapnikku (nt.) kulub 0,5 mooli gl\u00fckoosi lagundamiseks?<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 67,2 liitrit\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist n\u00e4eme, et gl\u00fckoosi ja hapniku moolsuhe on 1:6. Seega kulub gl\u00fckoosi lagundamisel hapnikku kuus korda rohkem kui gl\u00fckoosi ehk 0,5<b>\u00d7<\/b>6 = 3 mol. Leiame selle hapniku ainehulga ruumala:<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">V\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">V<\/span><\/i><sub><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>m<\/sub><\/span><\/i><\/sub><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">3 mol \u00d7 22,4 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\">3<\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"ET\">\/mol =\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">67,2 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\">3<\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"ET\">= 67,2 l<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<h2>N\u00e4idis\u00fclesanne 4.\u00a0Massilt ruumalale \u00fcleminek<\/h2>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" style=\"width: 100%;\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">1. Loeme teksti l\u00e4bi ning paneme kirja l\u00e4hteained vesiniku ja hapniku.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Mitu kuupdetsimeetrit hapnikku reageerib 6 grammi vesinikuga?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2. Kirjutame ja tasakaalustame tekstile vastava reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2 H<sub>2<\/sub> + O<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> \u2192 2 H<\/span><\/span><sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2<\/span><\/span><\/sub><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">O<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">3. Kirjutame v\u00e4lja andmed ja otsitava.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">(H<sub>2<\/sub>) = 6 g<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">V<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">(O<sub>2<\/sub>) = ?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">4. Pea meeles, et moolide hulk seob reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandis kahte ainet omavahel. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Seega tuleb k\u00f5igepealt leida moolide arv ainele, mille kohta algandmetes on infot. Kuna vesiniku mass on antud, saab leida\u00a0 vesiniku moolide arvu, kasutades valemit:\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>$n=\\frac{m}{M}$<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">M<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">(H<sub>2<\/sub>) = 2 $\\times $ 1 = 2 g\/mol<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>$n(H_{2})=\\frac{6 g}{2\u00a0g\/mol}= 3 mol$<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">5. Kui teame vesiniku moolide arvu, saame leida ka hapniku moolide arvu. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Tasakaalustatud reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist on n\u00e4ha, et H<sub>2<\/sub> ja O<sub>2<\/sub> moolsuhe on 2:1 ehk hapnikku on 2 korda v\u00e4hem. Sellest saame j\u00e4reldada, et <i>n<\/i>(O<sub>2<\/sub>) = 3 mol \/ 2 = 1,5 mol.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">6. \u00dclesandes k\u00fcsiti aga hapniku ruumala. <\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Moolid ja ruumala sidus j\u00e4rgnev valem:\u00a0<\/span><\/span>$n=\\frac{V}{V_{m}}$<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">7. Avaldame valemist ruumala.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">V<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"> = <i>n <\/i>$\\times $ <i>V<\/i><sub>m<\/sub><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">8.Arvutame hapniku ruumala.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">V<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> = <i>n<\/i> $\\times $ <i>V<\/i><sub>m<\/sub> = 1,5 mol $\\times $ 22,4 dm<sup>3<\/sup>\/mol = 33,6 dm<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de654406fef-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de654406fef-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de654406fef-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 4<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de654406fef-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de654406fef-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de654406ff7-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de654406ff7-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de654406ff7-collapse\">\u00dclesande 4 lahendused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de654406ff7-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de654406ff7-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.1 Mitu grammi vett tekib 2,8 dm<sup>3<\/sup> hapniku (nt.) reageerimisel vesinikuga?<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 4,5 grammi<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> kirjutame v\u00e4lja reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi: 2H<sub>2<\/sub> + O<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Antud on hapniku ruumala <i>V<\/i>(O<sub>2<\/sub>), tarvis on leida vee mass <i>m<\/i>(H<sub>2<\/sub>O). Ruumalalt massile \u00fcleminekuks tuleb leida ainehulgad moolides. Hapniku ruumala teades saame leida hapniku moolide arvu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n= {V \\over V_m} = {2.8dm^3 \\over 22,4dm^3\/mol}=0.125mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist selgub, et hapniku ja tekkiva vee moolsuhe on 1:2. Kuna hapnikku on 0,125 mol, tekib vett 0,125<b>\u00d7<\/b>2 = 0,25 mol. Siit saame juba leida vee massi:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0M\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">0,25 mol \u00d7 18<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">g\/<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">mol\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">= 4,5 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.2 Inimene hingab \u00f6\u00f6p\u00e4evas v\u00e4lja umbes 470 dm<sup>3<\/sup> s\u00fcsinikdioksiidi. Mitu grammi gl\u00fckoosi (C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub>) tekib sellise koguse s\u00fcsinikdioksiidi t\u00e4ielikul sidumisel taimede poolt fotos\u00fcnteesi k\u00e4igus? (Keemia p\u00f5hikooli l\u00f5pueksam 2009)<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">6CO<sub>2<\/sub> + 6H<sub>2<\/sub>O \u2192 C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub> + 6O<sub>2<\/sub>\u2191<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>630 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist n\u00e4eme, et kuue mooli CO<sub>2<\/sub> reageerimisel tekib \u00fcks mool gl\u00fckoosi ehk moolsuhe on 6:1. Teame CO<sub>2 <\/sub>ruumala, sellest saame leida selle moolide arvu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n= {V \\over V_m} = {470dm^3 \\over 22,4dm^3\/mol}=21mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Moolsuhte 6:1 j\u00e4rgi teame, et gl\u00fckoosi tekib moolides kuus korda v\u00e4hem, seega 21\/6 = 3,5 mol. N\u00fc\u00fcd saame juba leida gl\u00fckoosi massi, arvutades esmalt selle molaarmassi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i>M<\/i>(C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub>) = 6\u00d712 + 12\u00d71 + 6\u00d716 = 180 g\/mol<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0M\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">3,5 mol \u00d7 180\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">g\/<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">mol\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">= 630 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.3 Autode turvapadjad sisaldavad naatriumasiidi (NaN<sub>3<\/sub>) ja kaaliumnitraati. Avarii korral k\u00e4ivitab sensor j\u00e4rgmise reaktsiooni:<\/p>\n<p>10NaN<sub>3<\/sub> + 2KNO<sub>3<\/sub> \u2192 5Na<sub>2<\/sub>O + K<sub>2<\/sub>O + 16N<sub>2<\/sub>\u2191<\/p>\n<p>Mitu dm<sup>3<\/sup> (nt.) l\u00e4mmastikku moodustub avarii korral, kui turvapadi sisaldab 175 g naatriumasiidi? (Keemia p\u00f5hikooli l\u00f5pueksam 2012)<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>96,32 dm<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus<\/b>: esmalt leiame naatriumasiidi moolide arvu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i>M<\/i>(NaN<sub>3<\/sub>) = 23 + 3\u00d714 = 65 g\/mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n= {m \\over M} = {175g \\over 65g\/mol}=2,7mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi j\u00e4rgi on naatriumasiidi ja tekkiva l\u00e4mmastiku moolsuhe 10:16. Kuna naatriumasiidi on 2,7 mol, saame l\u00e4mmastiku moolide arvu kalkuleerida:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0$n=\\frac{2,7 mol}{16}\\times 10 = 4,32 mol$<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Selle leidnuna saame juba leida tekkinud l\u00e4mmastiku ruumala.<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">V\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">V<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>m<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">=4<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">,32 mol \u00d7 22, 4<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\">3<\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"ET\">\/mol =\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">96,32 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\">3<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.4 Kihisevate vitamiinitablettide lahustumisel vees reageerib tablettides sisalduv sidrunhape s\u00f6\u00f6gisoodaga (NaHCO<sub>3<\/sub>). \u00dche pakit\u00e4ie kihisevate tablettide lahustumisel vees eraldub 6200 ml s\u00fcsihappegaasi (nt). Mitu grammi sidrunhapet sisaldub pakit\u00e4ies tablettides? (Keemia p\u00f5hikooli l\u00f5pueksam 2016)<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3NaHCO<sub>3<\/sub> + C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>8<\/sub>O<sub>7<\/sub> \u2192 Na<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>5<\/sub>O<sub>7<\/sub> + 3CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u2191 + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 17,3 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus<\/b>: S\u00fcsihappegaasi eraldub 6200 ml = 6,2 l = 6,2 dm<sup>3<\/sup>. Sellest saame leida selle moolide arvu:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><span class=\"math-tex\">$n= {V \\over V_m} = {6,2dm^3 \\over 22,4dm^3\/mol}=0,28mol$<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist n\u00e4eme, et sidrunhappe ja CO<sub>2<\/sub> moolsuhe on 1:3. Kuna CO<sub>2<\/sub> moolide arv on teada, saab leida, et sidrunhappe moolide arv on 0,28\/3 \u2248 0,09 mol. N\u00fc\u00fcd saame juba leida sidrunhappe massi, arvutades esmalt selle molaarmassi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i>M<\/i>(C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>8<\/sub>O<sub>7<\/sub>) = 6\u00d712 + 8\u00d71 + 7\u00d716 = 192 g\/mol<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0M\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">0,09 mol \u00d7 192<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">g\/<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">mol\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">\u2248 17,3 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Keemias tuleb sageli teha arvutusi reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandite p\u00f5hjal. Selleks tuleb k\u00f5igepealt kirjutada reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrand ja see ka tasakaalustada. Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandis olevad kordajad n\u00e4itavad reageerivate ja tekkivate ainete hulka moolides. Kuidas reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi kordajaid arvutustes kasutada ning milliseid arvutusi reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandi alusel v\u00f5ib teha, saad vaadata &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":269,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/269"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1209,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9\/revisions\/1209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}