{"id":6,"date":"2024-04-04T07:30:14","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T04:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/25-lahuse-protsendilise-koostise-arvutamine\/"},"modified":"2025-03-30T23:19:44","modified_gmt":"2025-03-30T20:19:44","slug":"25-lahuse-protsendilise-koostise-arvutamine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/25-lahuse-protsendilise-koostise-arvutamine\/","title":{"rendered":"2.5. Lahuse protsendilise koostise arvutamine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\tLahuseid ei saa alati valmistada kaalumise teel. Kuna suur osa lahusest on lahusti, mis tavap\u00e4raselt on vedelik, siis on seda otstarbekas m\u00f5\u00f5ta m\u00f5\u00f5tesilindriga. Kui tahta valmistada kindla massiprotsendiga lahust, on vaja ruumala \u00fcmber arvutada massiks. Seda saab teha aine tiheduse abil.\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\n\tJ\u00e4rgnevast videost saad vaadata, kuidas teisendada \u00fchikuid, kuidas leida aine protsendilist sisaldust lahuses ja lahuse protsendilise koostise\u00a0kaudu aine ning lahuse massi.\n<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\n\t<\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h6 dir=\"ltr\">\n\tAllikas:\u00a0<a data-url=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/ZAyQWKmeo6Y\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/ZAyQWKmeo6Y\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/ZAyQWKmeo6Y<\/a><br>\n<\/h6>\n<p>\n\tKordame \u00fcle teadmised protsendist.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tLahus koosneb lahustist ja lahustunud ainest, seega\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\n\t<strong><em>m<\/em>(lahus) =<em> m<\/em>(lahusti) + <em>m<\/em>(lahustunud<em> <\/em>aine).<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tMassiprotsent (t\u00e4his P)\u00a0n\u00e4itab, kui suure osa kogu lahuse massist moodustab lahustunud aine mass:\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\n\t<strong><em>m<\/em>(lahus) \u2013 100%<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\n\t<strong><em>m<\/em>(aine)\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013 P ;<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\n\t$P=\\frac{m(aine)}{m(lahus)}\\times 100%$\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tTihedus n\u00e4itab, kui suur on aine mass ruumala\u00fchiku kohta. Tiheduse valem on $\\rho=\\frac{m}{V}$, kus <em>\u03c1<\/em> t\u00e4histab tihedust, <em>m<\/em> massi ning <em>V<\/em> ruumala. Tiheduse enim kasutatavaks \u00fchikuks koolikeemias on g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>, massi p\u00f5hi\u00fchikuks on g ning ruumala \u00fchikuks on cm<sup>3<\/sup>.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d759-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e08fc12d759-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e08fc12d759-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 1<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d759-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e08fc12d759-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">Teisenda.\n\n<p>\n\n\n<\/p><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p>Kindlasti j\u00e4ta meelde, et massiprotsenti tohib arvutada ainult lahuse ja tema komponentide massidest.<\/p>\n<p>Arvutus\u00fclesannete lahendamisel v\u00f5id meeles pidada j\u00e4rgnevad sammud:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Loe \u00fclesande tekst m\u00f5ttega l\u00e4bi.<\/li>\n<li>Jooni tekstis alla k\u00f5ik arvud.<\/li>\n<li>Omista arvule kindel f\u00fc\u00fcsikaline suurus. Seda on lihtne teha n\u00e4iteks \u00fchiku alusel.<\/li>\n<li>Kirjuta v\u00e4lja andmed ning otsitav suurus.<\/li>\n<li>Kirjuta v\u00e4lja valemid ja kui vaja, avalda valemist otsitav suurus.<\/li>\n<li>Asenda valemitesse arvud ning arvuta.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ole valmis, et m\u00f5nikord tuleb \u00fchikuid teisendada.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">N\u00e4itena on toodud 3 erinevat \u00fclesannet.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">N\u00e4idis\u00fclesanne 1. L<\/span><\/span>ahuse protsendilise koostise arvutamine<\/h4>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" style=\"width: 100%;\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">1. Loe \u00fclesande tekst m\u00f5ttega l\u00e4bi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Arvuta v\u00e4\u00e4velhappe protsendiline sisaldus lahuses, kui 200 cm<sup>3<\/sup> lahust (<i>\u03c1\u00a0<\/i>= 1,329 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>) sisaldab 51,6 grammi v\u00e4\u00e4velhapet.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2. Jooni alla k\u00f5ik arvud tekstis.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Arvuta v\u00e4\u00e4velhappe protsendiline sisaldus lahuses, kui <u>200<\/u> cm<sup>3<\/sup> lahust (<i>\u03c1\u00a0<\/i>=\u00a0<u>1,329<\/u> g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>) sisaldab <u>51,6<\/u> grammi v\u00e4\u00e4velhapet.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">3. Omista arvudele kindlad f\u00fc\u00fcsikalised suurused.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">200 cm<sup>3 <\/sup>on lahuse ruumala, 1,329 g\/cm<sup>3 <\/sup>on lahuse tihedus ning 51,6 g on aine mass.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">4. Kirjuta v\u00e4lja andmed, mis on olemas ja mida otsitakse.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">V<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(lahus) = 200 cm<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">\u03c1<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(lahus) = 1,329 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(aine) = 51,6 g<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">P\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">= ?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">5. Kirjuta v\u00e4lja valemid.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>$P=\\frac{m(aine)}{m(lahus)}\\times 100%$<\/p>\n<p>$\\rho=\\frac{m}{V}$<\/p>\n<p>Kuna\u00a0m(aine<span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">) teada, kuid <i>m<\/i>(lahus) pole teada, saame viimase leida lahuse tihedust ja ruumala kasutades. Selleks avaldame tiheduse p\u00f5hivalemist massi: <i>m<\/i> = <i>\u03c1<\/i><\/span><\/span><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">\u00d7<\/span><\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">V<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">6. Asenda arvud ja arvuta.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">K\u00f5igepealt arvutame kogu lahuse massi: <i>m<\/i> = <i>\u03c1<\/i>\u00d7<i>V<\/i> = 1,329 g\/cm<sup>3 <\/sup>\u00d7 200 cm<sup>3<\/sup> = 265,8 g<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Seej\u00e4rel saame arvutada\u00a0lahuse massiprotsendi:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(lahus) \u2013 100%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(aine)\u00a0 \u2013 <i>P<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">265,8 g \u2013 100%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">51,6 g\u00a0 \u2013 <i>P<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\">$P =\\frac{51,6g\\times 100%}{265,8g}\\approx 19%$ %<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d772-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e08fc12d772-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e08fc12d772-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 2<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d772-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e08fc12d772-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d77b-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e08fc12d77b-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e08fc12d77b-collapse\">\u00dclesande 2 lahenused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d77b-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e08fc12d77b-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">2.1 Arvuta lahustunud aine protsendiline sisaldus, kui 250 cm<sup>3<\/sup> lahust (\u03c1=1,21 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>) sisaldab 84,7 grammi v\u00e4\u00e4velhapet. (Anna vastus t\u00e4isarvuna)<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>28%<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Teada on <i>V<sub>lahus <\/sub><\/i>= 250 cm<sup>3<\/sup>, \u03c1=1,21 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup> ja <i>m<sub>H2SO4<\/sub> <\/i>= 84,7 g. V\u00e4\u00e4velhappe protsendilise koostise ehk massiprotsendi leidmiseks peame teadma lahuse kogumassi. Leiame selle lahuse ruumala ja tiheduse j\u00e4rgi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 54.0pt;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m=<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">V<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>la<\/sub><sub>h<\/sub><sub>us<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u00d7\u00a0\u03c1\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">250 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">cm<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">\u00d7 1,21 g\/<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">cm<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">= 302,5 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Teades lahustunud aine massi ja lahuse kogumassi, leiame massiprotsendi.<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$P = {m_{aine} \\over m_{lahus}} * 100 = {84.7 g \\over 302.5g }*100 = 28%$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">2.2 Ema keetis \u00f5unakompotti. Siirupi tegemiseks lahustas ta 3 liitris vees pool kilo suhkrut. Arvuta suhkru massiprotsent saadud lahuses. (Anna vastus t\u00e4isarvuna)<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 14%<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> meil on teada <i>m<sub>suhkur<\/sub> <\/i>= 0,5 kg, vee ruumala <i>V<sub>vesi<\/sub><\/i> = 3 l. Massiprotsendi leidmiseks tuleb leida lahuse kogumass, <i>m<sub>lahus<\/sub> <\/i>= <i>m<sub>suhkur<\/sub><\/i> + <i>m<sub>vesi<\/sub><\/i>. Vee massi saame ruumala j\u00e4rgi arvutada (\u03c1<sub>vesi <\/sub>on alati 1 kg\/dm<sup>3<\/sup>):<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 54.0pt;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>vesi<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">V<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>vesi<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u00d7\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u03c1<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>vesi<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">3 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">\u00d7 1\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">kg\/<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">dm<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">= 3 kg<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">J\u00e4rgmisena leiame lahuse kogumassi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i>m<\/i><sub>lahus<\/sub><i> <\/i>= <i>m<\/i><sub>suhkur<\/sub> + <i>m<\/i><sub>vesi<\/sub><i> <\/i>= 0,5 + 3 = 3,5 kg<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">N\u00fc\u00fcd saab arvutada suhkru massiprotsendi lahuses:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$P = {m_{suhkur} over m_{lahus}} * 100 = {0.5 kgover 3.5kg }*100 \u2248 14%$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">2.3 500 g Kellukese joogis sisaldub 0,13 mol suhkrut C<sub>12<\/sub>H<sub>22<\/sub>O<sub>11<\/sub>, mitme %-lise suhkrulahusega on tegemist? (Esita vastus t\u00e4isarvuna)<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 9%<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Teada on <i>n<\/i><sub>suhkur<\/sub> = 0,13 mol, <i>m<\/i><sub>lahus<\/sub> = 500 g ja suhkru brutovalem. Massiprotsendi leidmiseks on vaja leida suhkru mass, arvutades esmalt selle molaarmassi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i>M<\/i>(C<sub>12<\/sub>H<sub>22<\/sub>O<sub>11<\/sub>) = 12\u00d712 + 22\u00d71 + 11\u00d716 = 342 g\/mol<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m\u00a0=\u00a0n\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0M\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">0,13 mol \u00d7 342<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">g\/<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">mol\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">= 44,5 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">N\u00fc\u00fcd saab leida suhkru massiprotsendi joogis:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$P = {m_{suhkur} \\over m_{lahus}} * 100 = {44.5g \\over 500g }*100 \u2248 9$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">2.4 Selleks, et Kellukese jook ei tunduks v\u00e4ga magus lisatakse sellele sidrunhapet, 1l Kellukese jooki sisaldab 1,8 g sidrunhapet, Kellukese joogi tihedus on 1,012 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>. Mis on sidrunhappe protsent Kellukeses? (Anna vastus t\u00e4psusega \u00fcks koht peale koma)<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>0.2%\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b><span lang=\"ET\" style=\"color: black;\">Lahendus:<\/span><\/b><span lang=\"ET\" style=\"color: black;\"> Teada on <i>V<\/i><sub>lahus<\/sub> = 1 l, <i>m<\/i><sub>sidrunhape<\/sub> = 1,8 g, <\/span>\u03c1<sub>lahus<\/sub> = 1,012 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>. Massiprotsendi leidmiseks on vaja teada lahuse massi, mille saab ruumala ja tiheduse j\u00e4rgi arvutada, teisendame esmalt liitrid kuupsentimeetriteks:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\" style=\"color: black;\">V<\/span><\/i><sub><span lang=\"ET\" style=\"color: black;\">lahus<\/span><\/sub><span lang=\"ET\" style=\"color: black;\"> = 1 l = 1 dm<sup>3<\/sup> = 1000 cm<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>lahus<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">V<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>lahus<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u00d7\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u03c1<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>lahus<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">1000 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">cm<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">\u00d7 1,012\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">g\/<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">cm<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">= 1012 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">N\u00fc\u00fcd saab leida sidrunhappe massiprotsendi joogis:<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$P = {m_{sidrunhape} \\over m_{lahus}} * 100 = {1.8g \\over 1012g }*100 \u2248 0.2%$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<h4>N\u00e4idis\u00fclesanne 2. Lahustunud aine massi arvutamine<\/h4>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" style=\"width: 100%;\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Loe \u00fclesande tekst m\u00f5ttega l\u00e4bi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Kui palju on 500 cm<sup>3<\/sup> 20% lahuses soola, kui lahuse tihedus on 1,43 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>?<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Andmed:<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">V<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(lahus) = 500 cm<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">P\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">= 20%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">\u03c1<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(lahus) = 1,43 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"><i>m<\/i>(aine) =?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Valemid:<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(lahus) \u2013 100%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(aine) \u2013 <i>P<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Kuna pole teada ei aine ega lahuse massi, kuid on antud lahuse tihedus ja ruumala, saame leida lahuse massi: <i>m<\/i> = <i>\u03c1<\/i>\u00d7<i>V<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Arvutused:<\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">K\u00f5igepealt leiame kogu lahuse massi: <i>m = \u03c1 <\/i>\u00d7 <i>V<\/i>= 1,43 g\/cm<sup>3 <\/sup>\u00d7 500 cm<sup>3<\/sup> = 715 g<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Seej\u00e4rel saame leida juba lahustunud aine massi:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(lahus) \u2013 100%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(aine)\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013 <i>P<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">715 g \u2013 100%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(aine)\u00a0 \u2013 20%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">$m(aine)=\\frac{715\\times 20%}{100%}=143g$<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d780-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e08fc12d780-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e08fc12d780-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 3<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d780-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e08fc12d780-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d787-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e08fc12d787-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e08fc12d787-collapse\">\u00dclesande 3 lahendused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d787-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e08fc12d787-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.1 Gl\u00fckoosi 5%-list lahust (tihedus 1,0175 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>)<i> <\/i>kasutatakse s\u00fcsivesikute- ja vedelikupuuduse raviks. Soovitatav annus t\u00e4iskasvanud inimesel veenisisesel manustamisel on 500 ml lahust 3 tunni jooksul. Mitu grammi on selle gl\u00fckoosilahuse mass? Esita vastused t\u00e4isarvuna.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 509 g<\/p>\n<p>Mitu grammi gl\u00fckoosi see lahus sisaldab? (Keemia p\u00f5hikooli l\u00f5pueksam 2013)<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus: <\/b>25 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Teades gl\u00fckoosilahuse tihedust ja ruumala, saame leida selle massi:<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">V<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>la<\/sub><sub>h<\/sub><sub>us<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u00d7\u00a0\u03c1\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">500 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">cm<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">\u00d7 1,0175 g\/<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">cm<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">= 508,75 \u2248 509 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Lisaks on teada, et lahus sisaldab 5% gl\u00fckoosi, seega massiprotsent P = 5%. Selle abil saame leida lahuses oleva gl\u00fckoosi massi, sest oleme leidnud lahuse kogumassi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$m_{gl\u00fckoos} = {m_{lahus}*P \\over 100} = {509g*5 \\over 100 } = 25.45 \u224825g$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.2 Kurkide soolamiseks kasutatakse 8%-list soolvett. Mitu grammi soola ja mitu liitrit vett tuleb v\u00f5tta, et valmistada 5 kg sellist soolvett (vee tihedus on 1 g\/cm<sup><span style=\"border: nonewindowtext1.0pt; padding: 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/sup>)?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18.0pt;\"><b>Vastus<\/b>: 400 g soola; 4600 g vett ehk 4,6 l vett<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Meil on teada soola massiprotsent <i>P <\/i>= 8% ja soolvee kogumass <i>m <\/i>= 5 kg = 5000 g. Nende abil saame leida soola massi lahuses:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$m_{sool} = {m_{lahus}*P \\over 100} = {5000g*8 \\over 100 } = 400g$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 54.0pt;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Vee massi saame leida nii, et lahutame soolvee massist selles sisalduva soola massi:<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 54.0pt;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>vesi<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>la<\/sub><sub>h<\/sub><sub>us<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u2013\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>sool<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">5000 g-\u00a0\u00a0400 g= 4600 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Kuna aga k\u00fcsitakse veehulka liitrites, peame leidma selle ruumala. Kuna oleme leidnud vee massi ja \u00fclesandes on antud ka vee tihedus, saame selle arvutada.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$V = {m \\over \u03c1} = {4600g*8 \\over 1g\/{cm}^3 } = 4600 cm^3 = 4.6 dm^3 = 4.6l$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.3 Domino k\u00fcpsise pakis on 175 g k\u00fcpsiseid, mis sisaldavad kokku 0,2% piimapulbrit. Arvuta mitu grammi piimapulbrit sisaldub \u00fches pakis Domino k\u00fcpsites. (Anna vastus t\u00e4psusega kaks kohta p\u00e4rast koma)<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 0,35 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Antud on k\u00fcpsiste kogumass <i>m<\/i> = 175 g ja piimapulbri massiprotsent <i>P<\/i> = 0,2%. Saame piimapulbri massi arvutada j\u00e4rgmise valemiga:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$m_{piimapulber} = {m_{k\u00fcpsised}*P_{piimapulber} \\over 100} = {175g*0.2 \\over 100 } = 0.35g$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.4 \u00dcks Kinderi Maxi Kingi batoon 35 g sisaldab 19 % rasvasid. Mitu grammi rasva sisaldab \u00fcks batoon? Anna vastus t\u00e4psusega kaks kohta p\u00e4rast koma.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 6,65 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Sarnaselt eelmisele \u00fclesandele on antud batooni kogumass <i>m<\/i> = 35 g ja rasvade massiprotsent <i>P<\/i> = 19%. Neid teades leiame rasvade massi batoonis:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$m_{rasv} = {m_{batoon}*P_{rasv} \\over 100} = {35g*19 \\over 100 } = 6.65g$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<h4>N\u00e4idis\u00fclesanne 3. Lahuse ruumala arvutamine<\/h4>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" style=\"width: 100%;\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Loe \u00fclesande tekst m\u00f5ttega l\u00e4bi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">52,4 grammi naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi lahustumisel vees saadi 16%-line lahus (<i>\u03c1\u00a0<\/i>= 1,09 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>). Arvuta lahuse ruumala.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Andmed:<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(aine) = 52,4 g<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">P<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"> = 16%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">\u03c1<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/i><u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(lahus) = 1,09 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/u><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">V<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(lahus) = ?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Valemid ja arvutused:<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p>$P=\\frac{m(aine)}{m(lahus) }\\times 100%$<\/p>\n<p>$\\rho=\\frac{m}{V}$<\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Kuna teada on aine mass ja protsendiline sisaldus, saame leida kohe kogu lahuse massi\u00a0 ning seej\u00e4rel tiheduse p\u00f5hivalemist avaldada lahuse ruumala:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>$V=\\frac{m}{\\rho }$<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Kogu lahuse mass\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">m<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">(lahus) \u2013 100%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Lahustunud aine mass\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a052,4 g\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u2013 16%<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">$m(lahus) =\\frac{52,4\\times 100%}{16%}= 327,5 g$<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Seej\u00e4rel leiame lahuse ruumala:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">$V(lahus)=\\frac{327,5 g}{1,09 g\/cm^{3}}= 300,5 cm^{3}$<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d78b-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e08fc12d78b-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e08fc12d78b-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 4<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d78b-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e08fc12d78b-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 12.0pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d795-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e08fc12d795-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e08fc12d795-collapse\">\u00dclesande 4 lahendused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e08fc12d795-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e08fc12d795-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.1 \u017delatiini kasutatakse tarretise tegemiseks. Selleks lahustatakse \u017eelatiin kuumas vees, segatakse maitse- ja v\u00e4rvainetega ning saadud segu jahutatakse. Tugeva tarretise saamiseks peab segu \u017eelatiinisisaldus olema 3%. Tarretise valmistamiseks v\u00f5eti kuus teelusikat\u00e4it \u017eelatiini. Mitu grammi vett oli vaja v\u00f5tta, kui \u00fcks teelusikat\u00e4is \u017eelatiini kaalub 5 grammi? Anna vastus t\u00e4isarvuna. (Keemia p\u00f5hikooli l\u00f5pueksam 2021)<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus:<\/b> 970 g vett<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Meil on teada \u017eelatiini massiprotsent <i>P<\/i> = 3% ja v\u00f5etud \u017eelatiini kogus. Seda v\u00f5eti kuus teelusikat\u00e4it, kusjuures iga teelusikat\u00e4is kaalub 5 g, seega v\u00f5etud \u017eelatiini mass on <i>m<sub>\u017e<\/sub><\/i> = 6\u00d75 = 30 g. Leida tuleb vee mass tarretisesegus, kuid selle leidmiseks on esmalt vaja leida segu kogumass. Seda saab \u017eelatiini massi ja massiprotsendi abil teha:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$m_{segu} = {m_{\u017e} \\over P_\u017e} = {30g \\over 0.03 } = {30g*100 \\over 3 } = 1000g$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">N\u00fc\u00fcd saame leida vee massi segus, sest saame kogumassist \u017eelatiini massi maha lahutada:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>vesi<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>segu<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u2013\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>\u017e<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">1000 g \u2013 30 g = 970 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.2 Sool j\u00f5udis Tallinnasse peamiselt Prantsusmaalt, Portugalist ja Saksamaalt. Saksamaa t\u00e4htsaim soolatootmise keskus oli L\u00fcneburg. Seal eraldati sool maap\u00f5uest v\u00e4lja pumbatud looduslikust suure soolasisaldusega veest. L\u00fcneburgi soolvesi (\u03c1 = 1,20 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>) sisaldab 26,3% keedusoola.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">a. Arvatakse, et keskajal tarbis \u00fcks inimene keskmiselt 6 kg soola aastas. Mitu kilogrammi L\u00fcneburgi soolvett sisaldab sellise koguse soola? Anna vastus t\u00e4psusega \u00fcks koht p\u00e4rast koma.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus<\/b>: 22,8 kg<\/p>\n<p>b. Mitu liitrit on selle soolvee ruumala? Anna vastus t\u00e4isarvuna. (Keemia p\u00f5hikooli l\u00f5pueksam 2021)<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus<\/b>: 19 l<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus<\/b>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">a. Antud on soola mass <i>m<sub>s<\/sub> <\/i>= 6 kg ja soola massiprotsent vees, <i>P<\/i> = 26,3%. Nende abil saab leida soolvee kogumassi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$m_{soolvesi} = {m_{sool} \\over P_{sool}} = {6kg \\over 0.263 } = {6kg*100 \\over 26.3 } \u2248 22.8kg$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">b. \u00dclesandes on antud ka soolvee tihedus, \u03c1 = 1,20 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup> = 1,20 kg\/dm<sup>3<\/sup>. Kuna teame n\u00fc\u00fcd soolvee massi, saame ruumala nende kahe suuruse kaudu leida:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$V = {m \\over \u03c1} = {22.8kg*8 \\over 1.2kg\/{dm}^3 } = 19 dm^3 = 19l$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.3 Surnumeri on maailma \u00fcks soolasemaid veekogusid. Wikipedia andmetel on Surnumere vee keskmine soolasisaldus 31,5% ja tihedus 1,24 kg\/dm<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">Mitu kilogrammi Surnumere vett tuleb v\u00f5tta, et aurustumise tulemusena saada k\u00e4tte t\u00e4pselt 1000 g soola? Anna vastus t\u00e4isarvuna.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus<\/b>: 3175 g Surnumere vett<\/p>\n<p>Mitu liitrit on selle veekoguse ruumala? Anna vastus t\u00e4psusega kaks kohta p\u00e4rast koma. (Keemia p\u00f5hikooli l\u00f5pueksam 2010)<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus<\/b>: 2,56 l<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b> Surnumere vee massi leidmisel on meile abiks soola mass <i>m<sub>s<\/sub> <\/i>= 1000 g ja soola massiprotsent <i>P<\/i> = 31,5%. Neist saame leida merevee massi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$m_{soolvesi} = {m_{sool} \\over P_{sool}} = {1000g \\over 0.315 } = {1000g*100 \\over 31.5 } = 3175g$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Selle veekoguse ruumala leidmisel on meile abiks \u00fclesandes antud merevee tihedus \u03c1 = 1,24 kg\/dm<sup>3<\/sup>. Lisaks on just arvutatud merevee mass. Nende abil leiame ruumala:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$V = {m \\over \u03c1} = {3.175kg*8 \\over 1.24kg\/{dm}^3 } = 2.56 dm^3 = 2.56l$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.4 Kelluke sisaldab 100 ml (\u03c1 = 1,034 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>) joogis 8% suhkrut. Anna vastused t\u00e4psusega kaks kohta p\u00e4rast koma.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">a. Mitu grammi suhkrut on pooles liitris Kellukese joogis?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus<\/b>: 41,36 g suhkrut<\/p>\n<p>b. Mitu liitrit vett on 500 ml Kellukeses?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Vastus<\/b>: 0,48 l vett<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><b>Lahendus:<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">a. K\u00fcsitakse suhkru massi Kellukese joogis, mille ruumala <i>V<\/i> = 0,5 l = 500 ml. Meil on teada suhkru massiprotsent <i>P<\/i> <i>=<\/i> 8%, kuid mitte lahuse kogumass, mida on suhkru massi leidmiseks vaja tead Kuna on aga teada joogi tihedus \u03c1 = 1,034 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>, saame selle kogumassi leid<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">V<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>la<\/sub><sub>h<\/sub><sub>us<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u00d7\u00a0\u03c1\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">500 <\/span><span lang=\"ET\">cm<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">\u00d7 1,034 g\/<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">cm<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"ET\">= 517 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Suhkru massiprotsendi ja joogi massi kaudu saame leida suhkru massi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$m_{suhkur} = {m_{lahus}*P \\over 100} = {517g*8 \\over 100 } = 41.36g$<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">b. Olemasolevate andmete p\u00f5hjal ei saa kohe arvutada vee ruumala, k\u00fcll aga saame leida vee massi, millest hiljem ruumala arvutada. Teame joogi kogumassi ja selles sisalduva suhkru massi, nii et vee mass on:<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>vesi<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>la<\/sub><sub>h<\/sub><sub>us<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u2013\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">m<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>su<\/sub><sub>h<\/sub><sub>kur<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">=\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">517 g \u2013 41,36 g = 475,64 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Eeldame, et tegemist on standardtingimustega, mille korral vee tihedus \u03c1 = 1 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>. N\u00fc\u00fcd saame juba leida vee ruumala:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><i><span class=\"math-tex\">$V = {m \\over \u03c1} = {475.64g \\over 1g\/{cm}^3 } = 475.64cm^3=0.47564 dm^3 \u2248 0.48l$<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lahuseid ei saa alati valmistada kaalumise teel. Kuna suur osa lahusest on lahusti, mis tavap\u00e4raselt on vedelik, siis on seda otstarbekas m\u00f5\u00f5ta m\u00f5\u00f5tesilindriga. Kui tahta valmistada kindla massiprotsendiga lahust, on vaja ruumala \u00fcmber arvutada massiks. Seda saab teha aine tiheduse &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":269,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/269"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1051,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6\/revisions\/1051"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}