{"id":59,"date":"2024-04-04T07:30:20","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T04:30:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/76-estrid\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T23:35:46","modified_gmt":"2024-04-04T20:35:46","slug":"76-estrid","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/76-estrid\/","title":{"rendered":"7.6. Estrid"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\r\n\t\u00a0\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">\r\n\t<\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align:center\">\r\n\tAllikas:\u00a0<a data-url=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/jojq9IijCSM\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/jojq9IijCSM\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/jojq9IijCSM<\/a>\r\n<\/h6>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\t\u00a0\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h5>\r\n\tEstri \u00fcldvalem: <span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\">R<sup>1<\/sup>\u2013COO\u2013R<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"260\" height=\"176\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-376\" style=\"width: 118px;height: 80px\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.10.25.png\" title=\"screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.10.25.png\" alt=\"pilt\">\r\n<\/h5>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\tEstrid on karboks\u00fc\u00fclhapete derivaadid, mida saadakse karboks\u00fc\u00fclhappe ja alkoholi vahelisel reaktsioonil (teise saadusena tekib vesi). Estrite valmistamisel kasutatakse tavaliselt katal\u00fcsaatorina tugevat hapet ja soojendamist.\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\r\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1390\" height=\"262\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-377\" style=\"width: 637px;height: 120px\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.11.27.png\" title=\"screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.11.27.png\" alt=\"pilt\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.11.27.png 1390w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.11.27-300x57.png 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.11.27-1024x193.png 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.11.27-768x145.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1390px) 100vw, 1390px\">\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center\">\r\n\tJoonis 1. Estri saamisreaktsioon\r\n<\/h6>\r\n\r\n<h5>\r\n\tEstri saamine on p\u00f6\u00f6rduv reaktsioon ja ester v\u00f5ib h\u00fcdrol\u00fc\u00fcsuda l\u00e4hteaineteks.\r\n<\/h5>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\tEstri moodustumine on p\u00f6\u00f6rduv reaktsioon, aga katal\u00fcsaator kiirendab reaktsiooni m\u00f5lemas suunas. Seet\u00f5ttu on \u00f5igetes tingimustes (kokkupuude veega happelises keskkonnas) estreid v\u00f5imalik\u00a0<b>h\u00fcdrol\u00fc\u00fcsida<\/b> tagasi karboks\u00fc\u00fclhappeks ja alkoholiks, mis on estri moodustumise p\u00f6\u00f6rdreaktsioon. Ka aluseline keskkond kiirendab estri h\u00fcdrol\u00fc\u00fcsi, kuid aluselises keskkonnas moodustub karboks\u00fc\u00fclhappe asemel selle sool.\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\r\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1444\" height=\"464\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-378\" style=\"width: 600px;height: 193px\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.12.40.png\" title=\"screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.12.40.png\" alt=\"pilt\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.12.40.png 1444w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.12.40-300x96.png 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.12.40-1024x329.png 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-28_at_09.12.40-768x247.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1444px) 100vw, 1444px\">\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center\">\r\n\tJoonis 2. Estri happeline h\u00fcdrol\u00fc\u00fcs (\u00fcleval) ja estri aluseline h\u00fcdrol\u00fc\u00fcs (all)\r\n<\/h6>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\tKa seebi saamisreaktsioon (\u201eseebi keetmine\u201c) on estri \u2013 rasva \u2013 aluseline h\u00fcdrol\u00fc\u00fcs.\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\tV\u00e4iksema molekuliga estrid on meeldiva puuviljal\u00f5hnaga vedelikud. Estrid on m\u00f5\u00f5dukalt polaarsed v\u00f5i\u00a0v\u00e4hepolaarsed ained (polaarsemad kui eetrid, ent v\u00e4hem polaarsed kui aldeh\u00fc\u00fcdid v\u00f5i ketoonid), nende molekulid ei anna omavahel vesiniksidemeid. L\u00fchema s\u00fcsinikahelaga estrite molekulid lahustuvad vees suhteliselt v\u00e4he, pikema\u00a0s\u00fcsinikahelaga estrid vees praktiliselt ei lahustu. Rasvad ja looduslikud vahad on estrid. Pol\u00fcestritest valmistatakse nt tehiskiude.\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\t<\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d56f9a40267-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d56f9a40267-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d56f9a40267-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 1<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d56f9a40267-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d56f9a40267-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega. Muuda n\u00f5usolekut Allikas:\u00a0https:\/\/youtu.be\/jojq9IijCSM \u00a0 Estri \u00fcldvalem: R1\u2013COO\u2013R2\u00a0 Estrid on karboks\u00fc\u00fclhapete derivaadid, mida saadakse karboks\u00fc\u00fclhappe ja alkoholi vahelisel reaktsioonil (teise saadusena tekib vesi). Estrite valmistamisel kasutatakse tavaliselt katal\u00fcsaatorina tugevat hapet ja soojendamist. Joonis &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":269,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-59","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/59","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/269"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/59\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":626,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/59\/revisions\/626"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}