{"id":5,"date":"2024-04-04T07:30:14","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T04:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/ainehulk-ja-mool\/"},"modified":"2025-11-05T09:43:39","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T07:43:39","slug":"ainehulk-ja-mool","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/ainehulk-ja-mool\/","title":{"rendered":"2.1. Ainehulk ja mool"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Oleme harjunud kaaluma asju grammides ja kilogrammides v\u00f5i m\u00f5\u00f5tma pikkust meetrites ja kilomeetrites. Keemias r\u00e4\u00e4gitakse aga aineosakeste arvust ehk ainehulgast, mida v\u00e4ljendavad ka keemiliste reaktsioonide v\u00f5rrandid. Mis on mool, kuidas lugeda \u00fchendis aatomeid ning kuidas teha arvutusi ainehulga ja Avogadro arvuga, saad vaadata j\u00e4rgmisest videost.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">Allikas:\u00a0<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=U6jHEEUPsYY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=U6jHEEUPsYY\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=U6jHEEUPsYY<\/a><\/h6>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\">Mis on ainehulk?<\/h2>\n<h5 dir=\"ltr\">Ainehulk on aine kogus moolides.<br>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0$n=\\frac{N}{N_{A}}$<br><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0n<\/em> \u2013 ainehulk (\u00fchik mol)<br><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0N<\/em> \u2013 osakeste arv (\u00fchik osake)<br>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0N<sub>A<\/sub> \u2013 Avogadro arv<br>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(6,02 \u00d7 10<sup>23<\/sup> osakest\/mol)<\/h5>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Vaatame keemilist reaktsiooni, kus hapniku ja vesiniku \u00fchinemisel tekib vesi:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\">2 H<sub>2<\/sub> + O<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 2 H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandist j\u00e4reldub, et kahe vesinikumolekuli ja \u00fche hapnikumolekuli omavahelisel reageerimisel tekib kaks molekuli vett. Tegelikus elus on aga v\u00e4ga palju rohkem aineosakesi, mis omavahel reageerivad, ning seet\u00f5ttu kasutatakse ainehulga \u00fchikuna mooli. Ainehulk on aine kogus moolides, t\u00e4his <em>n<\/em>. \u00dches moolis on 6,02 \u00d710<sup>23<\/sup> osakest. Osake v\u00f5ib olla nii molekul, aatom kui ka ioon.<\/p>\n<h5 dir=\"ltr\">J\u00e4ta meelde, et\u00a0<br>\u00a0 \u00a0 1 mol = 1000 mmol<br>\u00a0 \u00a0 1 kmol = 1000 mol<\/h5>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ainehulk on avaldatav osakeste arvu ja Avogadro arvu kaudu: $n=\\frac{N}{N_{A}}$,\u00a0<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">kus <i>n<\/i> t\u00e4histab ainehulka (\u00fchik mool, l\u00fchend mol), <em>N<\/em> osakeste arvu (\u00fchik osakene) ning N<sub>A<\/sub> on Avogadro arv, mille v\u00e4\u00e4rtus on 6,02 $\\times $ 10<sup>23<\/sup> osakest\/mol.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Analoogiliselt meetri, kilomeetri ja millimeetri teisendustega on v\u00f5imalik ka mooli teisendada kilomooliks ja millimooliks. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d56f8349804-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d56f8349804-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d56f8349804-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 1<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d56f8349804-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d56f8349804-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p>Teisenda \u00fchikud.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n<h2 style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;line-height: 150%\">\n\tKuidas loendada aatomeid?<br>\n<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\">Kui v\u00f5tame n\u00e4iteks taaskord vee molekuli\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>O, siis \u00fches molekulis vees on 2 vesinikuaatomit ja 1 hapnikuaatom. Kuna mool on hulga loendamise \u00fchik, siis \u00fches moolis vees on 2 mooli vesinikuaatomeid ja 1 mool hapnikuaatomeid. V\u00f5ttes 2 mooli vett, kahekordistub ka aatomite hulk. Seega kahes moolis vees on 4 mooli vesinikuaatomeid ja 2 mooli hapnikuaatomeid. K\u00fcmnes moolis vees on 20 mooli vesinikuaatomeid ja 10 mooli hapnikuaatomeid. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm\">\n\t<span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\",serif\"><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d56f8349826-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d56f8349826-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d56f8349826-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 2<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d56f8349826-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d56f8349826-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d56f834982a-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d56f834982a-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d56f834982a-collapse\">\u00dclesande 2\u00a0 lahendused <\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d56f834982a-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d56f834982a-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><i>2.1 Arvuta hapniku aatomite hulk moolides 2 moolis H<sub>2<\/sub>O-s.<\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 40px;\">Lahendus: 2 mol, sest \u00fches moolis vees on \u00fcks mool hapnikuaatomeid.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 12pt 40px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">2.2\u00a0<i>Arvuta hapniku aatomite hulk moolides 0.01 moolis KMnO<sub>4<\/sub>-s.<\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: 0.04 mol, sest igas molekulis KMnO<sub>4<\/sub>-s on neli hapnikuaatomit.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">2.3 <i>Arvuta hapniku aatomite hulk moolides 15 moolis Ca(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>-s.<\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: 30 mol, sest igas molekulis Ca(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>-s on kaks hapnikuaatomit.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">2.4 <i>Arvuta vesiniku aatomite hulk moolides j\u00e4rgmises gaasisegus: 1,5 mol CH<sub>4<\/sub> + 6,5 mol HCl + 0,75 mol H<sub>2<\/sub>.<\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: Kokku 14 mol vesinikuaatomeid, sest 1,5 mol CH<sub>4<\/sub> sisaldab 6 mol vesinikuaatomeid, 6,5 mol HCl sisaldab 6,5 mol vesinikuaatomeid ja 0,75 mol H<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0 sisaldab 1,5 mol vesinikuaatomeid.<\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p>Arvutus\u00fclesannete lihtsamaks lahendamiseks v\u00f5id eeskujuks v\u00f5tta j\u00e4rgmised sammud:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Loe \u00fclesande tekst m\u00f5ttega l\u00e4bi.<\/li>\n<li>Jooni tekstis alla k\u00f5ik arvud.<\/li>\n<li>Omista arvule kindel f\u00fc\u00fcsikaline suurus. Seda on lihtne teha n\u00e4iteks \u00fchiku alusel.<\/li>\n<li>Kirjuta v\u00e4lja andmed ning otsitav suurus.<\/li>\n<li>Kirjuta v\u00e4lja valemid ning kui vaja, avalda valemist otsitav suurus.<\/li>\n<li>Asenda valemitesse arvud ning teosta arvutused.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ole valmis, et m\u00f5nikord tuleb \u00fchikuid teisendada.<\/p>\n<p>Teeme koos l\u00e4bi 2 n\u00e4idis\u00fclesannet.<\/p>\n<h2>N\u00e4idis\u00fclesanne 1. Aine hulga arvutamine<\/h2>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" style=\"width: 100%;\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">1. Loe \u00fclesande tekst m\u00f5ttega l\u00e4bi.<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Mitu mooli on 2<\/span><\/span><\/span>$\\times $<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">10<\/span><\/span><sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">23<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> s\u00fcsiniku aatomit?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2. Jooni alla k\u00f5ik arvud, mis on tekstis.<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Mitu mooli on <u>2<\/u><\/span><\/span><\/span>$\\times $<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><u>10<\/u><\/span><\/span><u><sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">23<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/u><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> s\u00fcsiniku aatomit?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3. Omista arvule kindel f\u00fc\u00fcsikaline suurus.<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span>$\\times $<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">10<\/span><\/span><sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">23<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> s\u00fcsiniku aatomit n\u00e4itab osakeste arvu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4. Kirjuta v\u00e4lja andmed.\u00a0Samuti on alati teada Avogadro arv.\u00a0Otsitav suurus on hetkel moolide arv, j\u00e4relikult<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> <i>n <\/i>= ?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">N\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">= 2<\/span><\/span><\/span>$\\times $<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">10<\/span><\/span><sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">23<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> aatomit<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">N<sub>A<\/sub><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">= 6,02<\/span><\/span><\/span>$\\times $<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">10<\/span><\/span><sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">23<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> aatomit\/mol<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5. Kirjuta v\u00e4lja valemid.\u00a0Kuna antud juhul on vajalik ainehulk, siis valemist m\u00f5nda muud suurust avaldama ei pea.<\/td>\n<td>$n=\\frac{N}{N_{A}}$<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\">\n<p>6.\u00a0Asenda arvud ja arvuta.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">$n=\\frac{N}{N_{A}}=\\frac{2\\times10^{23}\\ aatomit}{6.02\\times10^{23}\\ aatomit\/mol}\\approx 0.33 mol$<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d56f834982f-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d56f834982f-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d56f834982f-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 3<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d56f834982f-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d56f834982f-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"> Leia ainehulk.\u00a0\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\">\n\n\n<\/p><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d56f8349836-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d56f8349836-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d56f8349836-collapse\">\u00dclesande 3 lahendused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d56f8349836-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d56f8349836-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.1 Mitu mooli on 3,612 \u00d7 10<sup>24<\/sup> r\u00e4nidioksiidi molekuli?<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: 6 mol, 3,612 \u00d7 10<sup>24<\/sup> n\u00e4itab r\u00e4nidioksiidi molekulide arvu <i>N<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\">$n = {N \\over N_A}={3.612 *10^{24}\\ aatomit \\over 6.02 *10^{23}\\ aatomit\/mol } = 6\\ mol$<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.2 Mitu mooli on 6,02 \u00d7 10<sup>2<\/sup><sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0r\u00e4nidioksiidi molekuli?\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: 1 mol,\u00a0<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">6<\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">,<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">02<\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> \u00d7 10<sup>2<\/sup><\/span><sup><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">3<\/span><\/span><\/sup> <span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">n\u00e4itab r\u00e4nidioksiidi molekulide arvu <i>N<\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\">$n = {N \\over N_A}={6.02 *10^{23}\\ aatomit \\over 6.02 *10^{23}\\ aatomit\/mol } = 1\\ mol$<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.3 Arvuta v\u00e4\u00e4velhappe 1,204 \u00d7 10<sup>24<\/sup>\u00a0molekuli hulk moolides.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: 2 mol,\u00a0<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">1<\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">,<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">204<\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> \u00d7 10<sup>24<\/sup> <\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">n\u00e4itab v\u00e4\u00e4velhappe molekulide arvu <i>N<\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\">$n = {N \\over N_A}={1.204 *10^{24}\\ aatomit \\over 6.02 *10^{23}\\ aatomit\/mol } = 2\\ mol$<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">3.4 Arvuta Fe2(SO4)3\u00a03,01 \u00d7 10<sup>24<\/sup>\u00a0molekuli hulk moolides.<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: 5 mol,\u00a0<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">3,<\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">01<\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> \u00d7 10<sup>24<\/sup> <\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">n\u00e4itab <\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Fe<\/span><span style=\"border: nonewindowtext1.0pt; padding: 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">(SO<\/span><span style=\"border: nonewindowtext1.0pt; padding: 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">4<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">)<\/span><span style=\"border: nonewindowtext1.0pt; padding: 0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">3<\/span><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> molekulide arvu <i>N<\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 80px;\">$n = {N \\over N_A}={3.01 *10^{24}\\ aatomit \\over 6.02 *10^{23}\\ aatomit\/mol } = 5\\ mol$<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<h2>N\u00e4idis\u00fclesanne 2. Osakeste arvu arvutamine<\/h2>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" style=\"width: 100%;\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 50%;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">1. Loe \u00fclesande tekst m\u00f5ttega l\u00e4bi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Mitu aatomit on 6 moolis naatriumis?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">2. Jooni alla k\u00f5ik arvud, mis on tekstis.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Mitu aatomit on <u>6<\/u> moolis naatriumis?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">3. Omista arvule kindel f\u00fc\u00fcsikaline suurus.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">6 mol n\u00e4itab ainehulka.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">4. Kirjuta v\u00e4lja andmed.\u00a0Samuti on alati teada Avogadro arv.\u00a0Otsitav suurus on hetkel aatomite arv, j\u00e4relikult <em>N<\/em> = ?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\">\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">n\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">= 6 mol<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">N<sub>A<\/sub><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> = 6,02<\/span><\/span><\/span>$\\times $<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">10<\/span><\/span><sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">23<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> aatomit\/mol<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">5. Kirjuta v\u00e4lja valemid.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Kuna antud juhul on vajalik aatomite ehk osakeste arv, siis tuleb valemist avaldada <em>N<\/em>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt0cm;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">N\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">=<i> n <\/i>$\\times $ N<sub>A<\/sub><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">6. Asenda arvud ja arvuta.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">N\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/i><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">= <i>n<\/i> $\\times $ N<sub>A <\/sub>= 6 mol\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>$\\times $\u00a0<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">6,02<\/span><\/span><\/span>$\\times $<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">10<sup>23<\/sup><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> aatomit\/mol = 3,6<\/span><\/span><\/span>$\\times $<span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">10<\/span><\/span><sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">24<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span lang=\"et\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"> aatomit<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d56f834983d-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d56f834983d-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d56f834983d-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 4<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d56f834983d-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d56f834983d-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">Leia osakeste arv.\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\">\n\n\n<\/p><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d56f8349845-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d56f8349845-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d56f8349845-collapse\">\u00dclesande 4 lahendused<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d56f8349845-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d56f8349845-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.1 Arvuta molekulide arv 6,2 mol l\u00e4mmastikoksiidis. 3,73\u00d710<sup>24<\/sup> molekuli<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: 6,2 mol n\u00e4itab ainehulka <i>n<\/i>.<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">N = n \u00d7 <\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">N<\/span><\/i><sub><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>A<\/sub><\/span><\/i><\/sub><i><span lang=\"ET\">= <\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">6,2 mol \u00d7 <\/span>6,02\u00d710<sup><sup>23<\/sup><\/sup>aatomit\/mol = 3,73\u00d710<sup><sup>24<\/sup><\/sup> molekuli<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.2 Arvuta molekulide arv 0,45 mol vesinikkloriidhappes. 2,71\u00d710<sup>23<\/sup> molekuli<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: 0,45 mol n\u00e4itab ainehulka <i>n<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">N = n \u00d7 <\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">N<\/span><\/i><sub><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>A<\/sub><\/span><\/i><\/sub><i><span lang=\"ET\">= <\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">0,45 mol \u00d7 <\/span>6,02\u00d710<sup><sup>23<\/sup><\/sup>aatomit\/mol = 2,71\u00d710<sup><sup>23<\/sup><\/sup> molekuli<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.3 Arvuta molekulide arv 30 mmol vees. 1,81\u00d710<sup>2<\/sup><sup>2 <\/sup>molekuli<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: Teisendame 30 mmol moolideks. 30 mmol on 0,03 mol, see n\u00e4itab ainehulka <i>n<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">N = n \u00d7 <\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">N<\/span><\/i><sub><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>A<\/sub><\/span><\/i><\/sub><i><span lang=\"ET\">= <\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">0,03 mol \u00d7 <\/span>6,02\u00d710<sup><sup>23<\/sup><\/sup>aatomit\/mol = 1,81\u00d710<sup><sup>22<\/sup><\/sup> molekuli<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">\n<\/p><p style=\"list-style-type: none;\">4.4 Arvuta molekulide arv 15 kmol NaOH-s. 9,03\u00d710<sup>27<\/sup> molekuli<\/p>\n<p style=\"list-style-type: none; margin-left: 40px;\">Lahendus: Teisendame 15 kmol moolideks. 15 kmol on 15000 mol, see n\u00e4itab ainehulka <i>n<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">N = n \u00d7 <\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">N<\/span><\/i><sub><i><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>A<\/sub><\/span><\/i><\/sub><i><span lang=\"ET\">= <\/span><\/i><span lang=\"ET\">15000 mol \u00d7 <\/span>6,02\u00d710<sup><sup>23<\/sup><\/sup>aatomit\/mol = 9,03\u00d710<sup><sup>27<\/sup><\/sup> molekuli<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm;\"><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oleme harjunud kaaluma asju grammides ja kilogrammides v\u00f5i m\u00f5\u00f5tma pikkust meetrites ja kilomeetrites. Keemias r\u00e4\u00e4gitakse aga aineosakeste arvust ehk ainehulgast, mida v\u00e4ljendavad ka keemiliste reaktsioonide v\u00f5rrandid. Mis on mool, kuidas lugeda \u00fchendis aatomeid ning kuidas teha arvutusi ainehulga ja Avogadro &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":269,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/269"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1335,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5\/revisions\/1335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}