{"id":37,"date":"2024-04-04T07:30:17","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T04:30:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/63-oksudatsiooniastme-o-maaramine\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T23:35:49","modified_gmt":"2024-04-04T20:35:49","slug":"63-oksudatsiooniastme-o-maaramine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/63-oksudatsiooniastme-o-maaramine\/","title":{"rendered":"6.3. Oks\u00fcdatsiooniastme (o-a) m\u00e4\u00e4ramine"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5>\r\n\tIga sideme korral v\u00e4iksema elektronegatiivsusega aatomiga v\u00e4heneb C o-a \u00fche v\u00f5rra.<br><br>Iga sideme korral s\u00fcsinikuaatomist suurema elektronegatiivsusega aatomiga suureneb C o-a \u00fche v\u00f5rra.\r\n<\/h5>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\tS\u00fcsiniku oks\u00fcdatsiooniastmeid v\u00f5ib orgaanilistes ainetes leida iga s\u00fcsinikuaatomi jaoks eraldi v\u00f5i arvutada s\u00fcsiniku keskmine oks\u00fcdatsiooniaste molekulis. S\u00fcsinikuaatomi o-a leidmiseks tuleb vaadata, milliste aatomitega on s\u00fcsinikuaatomil keemilised sidemed. Iga sideme korral v\u00e4iksema elektronegatiivsusega aatomiga (vesinik) v\u00e4heneb C o-a \u00fche v\u00f5rra. Iga sideme korral s\u00fcsiniku aatomist suurema elektronegatiivsusega aatomiga (hapnik, l\u00e4mmastik, halogeenid)\u00a0suureneb C o-a \u00fche v\u00f5rra. Sidemed teiste s\u00fcsinikuaatomitega C-aatomi oks\u00fcdatsiooniastet ei muuda.\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\tVesiniku o-a orgaanilistes \u00fchendites on I, hapniku o-a enamasti \u2013II ning halogeenide o-a \u2013I.\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3>\r\n\tN\u00e4ide 1\r\n<\/h3>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\tMetanoolis CH<sub>3<\/sub>\u2013OH on s\u00fcsinikuaatomil kolm sidet vesinikuaatomitega ja \u00fcks side hapnikuaatomiga. Kokku saame C oks\u00fcdatsiooniastmeks \u20131\u22193 + 1 = \u20132 (\u2013II).\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3>\r\n\tN\u00e4ide 2\r\n<\/h3>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\tDiklorometaanis CH<sub>2<\/sub>Cl<sub>2<\/sub> on s\u00fcsinikuaatomil kaks sidet vesinikuaatomitega ja kaks sidet klooriaatomitega. Seega on C o-a \u20131\u22192 + 1\u22192 = 0.\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h3>\r\n\tN\u00e4ide 3\r\n<\/h3>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\tEtanaalis CH<sub>3<\/sub>\u2013CH=O on esimesel C-aatomil kolm sidet H-aatomitega ja \u00fcks side teise C-aatomiga, teisel C-aatomil on t\u00e4iendavalt side H-aatomiga ja kaksikside O-aatomiga. Esimese C-aatomi o-a on seega \u20131\u22193 = \u20133 (\u2013III), teise C aatomi o-a \u20131 + 2 = +1 (I).\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\t<\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de2e3b537db-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de2e3b537db-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de2e3b537db-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 1<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de2e3b537db-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de2e3b537db-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\r\n\t<\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69de2e3b537e0-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69de2e3b537e0-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69de2e3b537e0-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 2<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69de2e3b537e0-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69de2e3b537e0-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Iga sideme korral v\u00e4iksema elektronegatiivsusega aatomiga v\u00e4heneb C o-a \u00fche v\u00f5rra. Iga sideme korral s\u00fcsinikuaatomist suurema elektronegatiivsusega aatomiga suureneb C o-a \u00fche v\u00f5rra. S\u00fcsiniku oks\u00fcdatsiooniastmeid v\u00f5ib orgaanilistes ainetes leida iga s\u00fcsinikuaatomi jaoks eraldi v\u00f5i arvutada s\u00fcsiniku keskmine oks\u00fcdatsiooniaste molekulis. S\u00fcsinikuaatomi &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":269,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-37","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/269"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":661,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37\/revisions\/661"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}