{"id":32,"date":"2024-04-04T07:30:17","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T04:30:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/48-metallide-keemilised-omadused\/"},"modified":"2025-05-04T22:31:51","modified_gmt":"2025-05-04T19:31:51","slug":"48-metallide-keemilised-omadused","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/48-metallide-keemilised-omadused\/","title":{"rendered":"4.8. Metallide keemilised omadused"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Metallid on t\u00fc\u00fcpilised redutseerijad keemilistes reaktsioonides ning loovutavad alati redoksreaktsioonide k\u00e4igus elektrone. Seda n\u00e4ed igap\u00e4evaelus sellest, et metalli\u00a0pind\u00a0tuhmub\u00a0kergesti ehk korrodeerub. Metallide \u00fcldisemaid keemilisi omadusi saad vaadata j\u00e4rgmisest videost.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h6>Allikas:\u00a0<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/xLBQO2PDpoM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-url=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/xLBQO2PDpoM\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/xLBQO2PDpoM<\/a><\/h6>\n<h2>Metallide redoksomadused<\/h2>\n<p>Metallidele on iseloomulik loovutada elektrone, kuna tuumalaengu m\u00f5ju on n\u00f5rk t\u00e4nu metalli aatomi suurtele m\u00f5\u00f5tmetele. V\u00e4liskihi elektrone ei hoita tugevalt kinni ning need loovutatakse kergesti. Metallid on keemilistes reaktsioonides seega t\u00fc\u00fcpilised redutseerijad. Redutseerijad on ained, milles aineosakesed loovutavad elektrone. N\u00e4iteks alumiiniumi reageerimisel joodiga tekib alumiiniumjodiid:\u00a0 2Al + 3I<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 2AlI<sub>3<\/sub>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"524\" height=\"694\" class=\"wp-image-202 aligncenter\" style=\"width: 250px; height: 331px;\" title=\"screenshot_2022-03-10_at_10.09.27_01.png\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-10_at_10.09.27_01.png\" alt=\"pilt\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-10_at_10.09.27_01.png 524w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-10_at_10.09.27_01-227x300.png 227w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 524px) 100vw, 524px\"><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">Joonis 1. Alumiiniumi reaktsioon joodiga katal\u00fcsaatori juuresolekul. Tekib alumiiniumjodiid: 2Al+3I<span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>2<\/sub><\/span><\/span>\u21922All<span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><sub>3<\/sub><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">Jood sublimeerub, ehk muutub tahkest otse gaasiliseks ning on n\u00e4ha tekkinud lillakat joodiauru.<\/h6>\n<p>Reaktsioon on v\u00e4ga eksotermiline, st reaktsiooni k\u00e4igus vabaneb palju energiat, mille tulemusena ka \u00fcks l\u00e4heteaine, jood (I<sub>2<\/sub>), osaliselt sublimeerub. Sublimeerumine on aine \u00fcleminek tahkest olekust gaasilisse ilma vahepealse vedela oleku tekkimiseta. Jooniselt 1\u00a0on n\u00e4ha lillakad joodiaurud. Selle reaktsiooni k\u00e4igus metalli aatomid loovutavad elektrone ning mittemetalli (I<sub>2<\/sub>) molekulid seovad elektrone.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 5pt 0cm 5pt 40px;\"><span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\">Al \u2013 3e<sup>\u2013\u00a0<\/sup><\/span><\/span>\u2192<span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\">\u00a0Al<sup>3+<\/sup> metall on redutseerija<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 5pt 0cm 5pt 40px;\"><span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\">I<sub>2<\/sub> + 2e<sup>\u2013 <\/sup><\/span><\/span>\u2192<span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\"> 2I<sup>\u2013<\/sup> mittemetall on oks\u00fcdeerija<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 5pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 5pt;\">Elektroni loovutamisel tekib metalli katioon ja metalli oks\u00fcdatsiooniaste kasvab,\u00a0elektroni liitmisel tekib mittemetallist anioon ja oks\u00fcdatsiooniaste kahaneb.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d606bec6eaf-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d606bec6eaf-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d606bec6eaf-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 1<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d606bec6eaf-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d606bec6eaf-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<h2>Metallide reaktsioonid mittemetallidega<\/h2>\n<p>Enamik metalle reageerib mittemetallidega k\u00f5rgemal temperatuuril. Reaktsiooni saab kiirendada ka sobiva katal\u00fcsaatori valimisel. Metallide reaktsioonid mittemetallidega leiad tabelist 1.<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">Tabel 1. Metallide reaktsioonid mittemetalidega<\/h6>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"1\" width=\"643\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 78.25pt; border: solidblack1.0pt;\" rowspan=\"7\" width=\"104\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">METALL<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 150px; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">+ HAPNIK<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">\u2192 OKSIID<br>(peroksiidid<br>tekivad K, Na jt)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">4 Fe + 3 O<sub>2 <\/sub><\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> 2 Fe<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span>raud(III)oksiid<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">2 Cu + O<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub><\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> 2 CuO\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>vask(II)oksiid<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">4 Na + O<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub><\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">2 Na<sub>2<\/sub>O\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span>naatriumoksiid<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">(2 Na + O<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub><\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> Na<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>)\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span>naatriumperoksiid<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">2 Zn + O<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub><\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> 2 ZnO<\/span><\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0tsinkoksiid<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">4 Al + 3O<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub><\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> 2 Al<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0alumiiniumoksiid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 99.2pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solidblack1.0pt; border-right: solidblack1.0pt;\" width=\"132\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">+ V\u00c4\u00c4VEL<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">\u2192 SOOL<br>(sulfiid) (S o.a \u2013II)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">2 Na + S <\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> Na<sub>2<\/sub>S<\/span><\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0naatriumsulfiid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 99.2pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solidblack1.0pt; border-right: solidblack1.0pt;\" width=\"132\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">+ HALOGEEN<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">CI<sub>2<\/sub>, F<sub>2<\/sub>, Br<sub>2<\/sub> jne<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">\u2192 SOOL<br>(halogeniidid)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">2 K + Cl<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> 2 KCl\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>kaalimkloriid<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">2 Na + Br<sub>2<\/sub> <\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> 2 NaBr\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>naatriumbromiid<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Ca + F<sub>2<\/sub> <\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> CaF<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span>kaltsiumfluoriid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 99.2pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solidblack1.0pt; border-right: solidblack1.0pt;\" width=\"132\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">+ H<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub>VESINIK<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">\u2192 h\u00fcdriidid<br>(H o.a \u2013I)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">2 Na + H<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub><\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> 2 NaH\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span>naatriumh\u00fcdriid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 99.2pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solidblack1.0pt; border-right: solidblack1.0pt;\" width=\"132\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">+ N<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub>L\u00c4MMASTIK<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">\u2192 nitriidid<br>(N o.a \u2013III)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">3 Ca + N<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub><\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> Ca<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>kaltsiumnitriid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 99.2pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solidblack1.0pt; border-right: solidblack1.0pt;\" width=\"132\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">+ P FOSFOR<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">\u2192 fosfiidid\u00a0<br>(P o.a \u2013III)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">3 Ca + 2 P <\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> Ca<sub>3<\/sub>P<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span>kaltsiumfosfiid<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">3 Mg + 2 P <\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> Mg<sub>3<\/sub>P<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span>magneesiumfosfiid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 99.2pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solidblack1.0pt; border-right: solidblack1.0pt;\" width=\"132\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">+ C S\u00dcSINIK<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">\u2192 karbiidid\u00a0<br>(C\u00a0 t\u00fc\u00fcpiline o.a \u2013IV)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top: none; border-left: none;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Ca + 2 C <\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> CaC<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span>kaltsiumkarbiid<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm0cm0cm0cm;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Si + C <\/span><\/span>$\\xrightarrow{temp}$<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> SiC\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span>r\u00e4nikarbiid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d606bec6eb5-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d606bec6eb5-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d606bec6eb5-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 2<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d606bec6eb5-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d606bec6eb5-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<h2>Metallide reaktsioonid hapete lahjade vesilahustega<\/h2>\n<p><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Metallide reaktsioonide kirjutamisel lahjendatud hapete lahustega kasuta\u00a0<b>metallide pingerida<\/b>: <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1294\" height=\"283\" class=\"wp-image-208 aligncenter\" style=\"width: 700px; height: 153px;\" title=\"thumbnail_image001.png\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/thumbnail_image001.png\" alt=\"pilt\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/thumbnail_image001.png 1294w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/thumbnail_image001-300x66.png 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/thumbnail_image001-1024x224.png 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/thumbnail_image001-768x168.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1294px) 100vw, 1294px\"><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Metallide reageerimisel happe lahusega on oks\u00fcdeerijaks happe vesinikioonid<\/h5>\n<p>Metallid, mis asuvad metallide pingereas vesinikust vasakul, reageerivad lahjendatud hapete vesilahustega ning reaktsiooni tulemusena tekivad\u00a0sool ja vesinik. Erandiks on lahjendatud l\u00e4mmastikhappelahus, millest tuleb juttu hiljem.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">METALL + HAPPE LAHJENDATUD LAHUS <\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">\u2192<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> SOOL\u00a0 + VESINIK<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Zn(t) + 2 HCl(lahjendatud)\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u2192<span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"> <span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">ZnCl<sub>2<\/sub>(l)+ H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1124\" height=\"302\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-196\" style=\"width: 261px; height: 70px;\" title=\"screenshot_2022-03-14_at_08.58.21.png\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-14_at_08.58.21.png\" alt=\"pilt\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-14_at_08.58.21.png 1124w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-14_at_08.58.21-300x81.png 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-14_at_08.58.21-1024x275.png 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-14_at_08.58.21-768x206.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1124px) 100vw, 1124px\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Mg(t) + 2 HCl(lahj)<\/span><\/span> <\/span>\u2192<span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"> <span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">MgCl<sub>2<\/sub>(l) + H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Fe(t) + 2 HCl(lahj)<\/span><\/span> <\/span>\u2192<span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"> <span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">FeCl<sub>2<\/sub>(l) + H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">2 Al(t) + 6 HCl(lahj)<\/span><\/span> <\/span>\u2192<span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"> <span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">2 AlCl<sub>3<\/sub>(l) + 3 H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Eriti aktiivselt eraldub vesinikku magneesiumi reageerimisel. J\u00e4rgneva nelja video p\u00f5hjal saad n\u00e4ha, kui aktiivselt reageerib metall lahjendatud happelahusega. Aktiivsema metalli (Mg) reaktsioonil happelahusega eralduvad intensiivselt vesinikumullid. K\u00f5ige aeglasemalt toimub raua (Fe) reatsioon happelahusega.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-hover\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"831\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-188\" style=\"width: 166px; height: 230px;\" title=\"video_4_lk14_magneesiumi_reaktsioon_soolhappe_lahusega.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/video_4_lk14_magneesiumi_reaktsioon_soolhappe_lahusega.gif\" alt=\"pilt\"><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"582\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-189\" style=\"width: 237px; height: 230px;\" title=\"video_5_lk_14_alumiiniumi_reageerimine_soolhappelahusega.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/video_5_lk_14_alumiiniumi_reageerimine_soolhappelahusega.gif\" alt=\"pilt\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Magneesiumi reageerimine soolhappe lahusega: <\/span><\/span><\/span><br><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Mg(t) + 2 HCl(lahj)<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"> \u2192 <\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">MgCl<sub>2<\/sub>(l)+ H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Alumiiniumi reageerimine soolhappe lahusega:<br>2Al(t) + 6 HCl(lahj)<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"> \u2192 <\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">2 AlCl<sub>3<\/sub>(l)+ 3 H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"690\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-197\" style=\"width: 200px; height: 230px;\" title=\"video_6_tsingi_reageerimine_soolhappe_lahusega.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/video_6_tsingi_reageerimine_soolhappe_lahusega.gif\" alt=\"pilt\"><\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"598\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-198\" style=\"width: 231px; height: 230px;\" title=\"video_7_raua_reageerimine_soolhappe_lahusega.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/video_7_raua_reageerimine_soolhappe_lahusega.gif\" alt=\"pilt\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<h6><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">Tsingi reageerimine soolhappe lahusega:<br>Zn(t) + 2HCl(lahj) <\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">\u2192 <\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%;\">ZnCl<sub>2<\/sub>(l)+ H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<h6>\u00a0<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<h6><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Raua reageerimine soolhappe lahusega:<br>Fe(t) + 2HCl(lahj)<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> \u2192 <\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">FeCl<sub>2<\/sub>(l)+ H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">Joonis 2. Metallide reageerimine soolhappe lahusega<\/h6>\n<p>Reaktsioonide kirjutamisel tuleb lahustuvustabelist vaadata tekkiva soola lahustuvust. Kui metalli pinnale tekib mittelahustuva soola kiht, siis v\u00f5ib metalli ja lahjendatud happelahuse vaheline reaktsioon lakata v\u00f5i pole soolakihi kiire tekkimise t\u00f5ttu reaktsioon \u00fcldse m\u00e4rgatav. Seda v\u00f5ib n\u00e4ha n\u00e4iteks kaltsiumi reageerimisel lahja v\u00e4\u00e4velhappelahusega.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Ca + H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub>(lahj)<\/span><\/span>\u2192<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> CaSO<sub>4<\/sub>\u2193+H<sub>2<\/sub> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h5>Metallid, mis asuvad pingereas vesinikust paremal, lahjade happelahusega ei reageeri.<\/h5>\n<p><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Kaltsiumi pind kattub rasklahustuva kaltsiumsulfaadi tiheda kihiga, mis takistab metalli edasist kokkupuudet happelahusega ja reaktsioon vaibub.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Katsete l\u00e4biviimisel oleks m\u00f5istlik metallid ka oksiidikihist puhastada.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Metallid, mis asuvad pingereast vesinikust paremal, lahjade happelahustega ei reageeri.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Cu + HCl(lahj)\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u2192<span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> ei toimu<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Metallide reaktsioonid l\u00e4mmastikhappelahusega<\/h2>\n<h5>Lahja HNO<sub>3<\/sub>-lahuse reageerimisel metallidega ei eraldu vesinikku.<\/h5>\n<p>L\u00e4mmastikhape on v\u00e4ga tugev oks\u00fcdeerija. Kontsentreeritud\u00a0HNO<sub>3<\/sub> on tugevam oks\u00fcdeerija kui H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub>. Lahjendatud HNO<sub>3<\/sub>-s (erinevalt H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub>-st) on oks\u00fcdeerijaks NO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2013<\/sup> -ioonid, mitte H<sup><sub>+<\/sub><\/sup>-ioonid. Seet\u00f5ttu ka lahja HNO<sub>3<\/sub>-lahuse reageerimisel metallidega ei eraldu vesinikku. S\u00f5ltuvalt happe kontsentratsioonist, metalli aktiivsusest ning temperatuurist on saadused erinevad.<\/p>\n<p><strong>METALL + L\u00c4MMASTIKHAPE <\/strong>\u2192\u00a0<strong>SOOL + VESI + L\u00c4MMASTIKU\u00dcHEND<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">tsink + l\u00e4mmastikhape \u2192 tsink(II)nitraat + l\u00e4mmastikdioksiid + vesi<br>Zn + 4 HNO<sub>3<\/sub>(konts) \u2192 Zn(NO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub> + 2 NO<sub>2<\/sub>\u2191\u00a0+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">tsink + l\u00e4mmastikhape \u2192 tsink(II)nitraat + l\u00e4mmastikoksiid + vesi<br>3 Zn + 8 HNO<sub>3<\/sub>(lahj)\u2192 3 Zn(NO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub> + 2 NO\u2191\u00a0 + 4 H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e4mmastikhappe vesilahusega reageerivad ka v\u00e4hemaktiivsed metallid Cu, Hg, Ag.<\/p>\n<p>Metalli reageerimisel l\u00e4mmastikhappe lahusega v\u00f5ib tekkida veel teisi l\u00e4mmastik\u00fchendeid. Koolikeemias seda teemat laiemalt ei k\u00e4sitleta, aga huvi korral v\u00f5id lisaks lugeda siit<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"168\" height=\"130\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-96\" style=\"width: 50px; height: 39px; float: right;\" title=\"popup.png\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/popup.png\" alt=\"popup\">\u00a0 <a href=\"#\" data-bs-toggle=\"modal\" data-bs-target=\"#popup-modal\" data-title=\"Loe lisaks: Metallide reaktsioonid l\u00e4mmastikhappelahusega.\" data-content='&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"&gt;\u00dcldised reegelid l\u00e4mmastikhappe reageerimisel metallidega:&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"&gt;1. mida lahjem on lahus, seda madalama oks\u00fcdatsiooniastmega l\u00e4mmastiku\u00fchend tekib;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;br \/&gt;&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"&gt;2. mida aktiivsem on metall, seda madalama oks\u00fcdatsiooniastmega l\u00e4mmastik\u00fchend tekib.&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"&gt;\u00a0 \u00a0+5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0+4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0+3\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0+2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0+1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0-3\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 -3\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;br \/&gt;&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"&gt;HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; \u2192 NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; \u2192 HNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; \u2192 NO \u2192 N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O \u2192 N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; \u2192 NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;L\u00e4mmastikhappe lahuse kontsentratsiooni m\u00f5ju&lt;\/strong&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Vaatleme n\u00e4itena Zn reageerimist erineva kontsentratsiooniga l\u00e4mmastikhappe lahusega (eksperimentaalsete andmete p\u00f5hjal).&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Metall + l\u00e4mmastikhape \u2192\u00a0sool + vesi + l\u00e4mmastik\u00fchend&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Zn + 4 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;(konts) \u2192 Zn(NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; + 2 NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;\u2191\u00a0+ 2H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;3 Zn + 8 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;\u00a0(lahj)\u2192 3 Zn(NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; + 2 NO\u2191\u00a0 + 4 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: normal;\"&gt;&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"color: black;\"&gt;NB! &lt;\/span&gt;Olukord on sageli keerulisem, sest reaktsioonisegu v\u00f5ib sisaldada erinevaid \u00fchendeid samaaegselt (vaata \u00fclevalpool toodud l\u00e4mmastik\u00fchendite rida). Sageli kirjutatakse reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrand aga selle saaduse kohta, mida segus on k\u00f5ige rohkem.&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;L\u00e4mmastikhappe reageerimine erineva aktiivsusega metallidega&lt;\/strong&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Al, Fe, Ni ja Cr passiveeruvad konts. l\u00e4mmastikhappes ja Pt ning Au ei reageeri. Alates Mn-st tekib NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;, aktiivsete metallidega tekib N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O. Sn reageerimisel HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;-ga tekib tinahape H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;SnO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;. V\u00e4ga aktiivsete metallide reageerimisel kontsentreeritud l\u00e4mmastikhappe lahusega tekib p\u00f5hisaadusena dil\u00e4mmastikoksiid.&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;8 Na + 10 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3 &lt;\/sub&gt;(konts)\u00a0 \u2192 8 NaNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; + N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O + 5 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O&lt;br \/&gt;4 Ca + 10 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3 &lt;\/sub&gt;(konts) \u2192 4 Ca(NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; + N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O + 5 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;V\u00e4heaktiivsete metallidega reageerimisel on p\u00f5hisaaduseks punakaspruun NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;, mida eraldub reaktsiooni k\u00e4igus m\u00e4rgatavalt (vaata joonist allpool).&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Ag + 2 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3 &lt;\/sub&gt;(konts) \u2192 AgNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; + NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O&lt;br \/&gt;Bi + 6 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3\u00a0&lt;\/sub&gt;(konts) \u2192 Bi(NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; + 3 NO&lt;sub&gt;2 &lt;\/sub&gt;+ 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O&lt;br \/&gt;Cu + 4 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3 &lt;\/sub&gt;(konts) \u2192 Cu(NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; + 2 NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; + 2 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O\u00a0&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Tina reageerimisel kontsentreeritud l\u00e4mmastikhappega tekib tinahape H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;SnO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;, mis ei lahustu vees. Tina reageerimisel\u00a0lahjendatud l\u00e4mmastikhappe lahusega tekib sool.&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Sn+4 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; (konts) \u2192 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;SnO&lt;sub&gt;3\u00a0&lt;\/sub&gt;+ 4 NO&lt;sub&gt;2\u00a0&lt;\/sub&gt;+ H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;3 Sn + 8 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; (lahj) \u2192 3 Sn(NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; + 2 NO\u00a0+ 4 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;img class=\"alignnone wp-image-199\" style=\"width: 200px; height: 369px;\" title=\"video_8_metallide_keemilised_omadused_joonis_2_asemel_vase_reaktsioon_kontsentreeritud_lammastikhappelahusega.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/video_8_metallide_keemilised_omadused_joonis_2_asemel_vase_reaktsioon_kontsentreeritud_lammastikhappelahusega.gif\" alt=\"pilt\" \/&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vase reaktsioon kontsentreeritud l\u00e4mmastikhappelahusega. HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; sisaldus suurem kui 63%&lt;\/em&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;'>Loe lisaks: Metallide reaktsioonid l\u00e4mmastikhappelahusega.<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d606bec6eb7-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d606bec6eb7-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d606bec6eb7-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 3<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d606bec6eb7-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d606bec6eb7-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebb-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d606bec6ebb-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebb-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 4<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebb-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebb-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<h2>Metallide reaktsioonid vee ja veeauruga<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\">Metallide reageerimine veega s\u00f5ltub metalli aktiivsusest. Taas on reaktsioonide kirjutamisel abiks metallide pingerida. Eristada saab kolme t\u00fc\u00fcpi reaktsioone.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>AKTIIVNE METALL + VESI \u2192 H\u00dcDROKSIID + VESINIK<\/li>\n<li>KESKMISE AKTIIVSUSEGA METALL + VEEAUR \u2192 OKSIID + VESINIK<\/li>\n<li>V\u00c4HEAKTIIVSED METALLID EI REAGEERI EI VEE EGA VEEAURUGA<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1297\" height=\"353\" class=\"wp-image-210 aligncenter\" style=\"width: 700px; height: 191px;\" title=\"thumbnail_image001_1.png\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/thumbnail_image001_1.png\" alt=\"pilt\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/thumbnail_image001_1.png 1297w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/thumbnail_image001_1-300x82.png 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/thumbnail_image001_1-1024x279.png 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/thumbnail_image001_1-768x209.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1297px) 100vw, 1297px\"><\/p>\n<p>Metallid alates alumiiniumist ei reageeri veega tavatingimustel (st toatemperatuuril). P\u00f5hjuseks on tihe oksiidikiht metalli pinnal. Kui oksiidikihti metalli pinnal ei oleks, siis reaktsioon toimuks, mist\u00f5ttu ei ole v\u00f5imalik Al toota soolalahuse elektrol\u00fc\u00fcsil. Veega reageerib alumiinium temperatuuril \u00fcle 180 \u00b0C:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\">2 Al + 6 H<sub>2<\/sub>O \u2192\u00a02 Al(OH)<sub>3<\/sub> + 3 H<sub>2<\/sub> (tekkida v\u00f5ib ka oksiidi ja h\u00fcdroksiidi segu).\u00a0<\/p>\n<h6>Aktiivse metalli reageerimisel veega eraldub vesinik ja tekib leelise lahus.<\/h6>\n<p>Aktiivsed metallid Li, Rb, K, Cs, Ba, Sr, Ca, Na, Mg regeerivad veega. Redutseerijaks on metall ja oks\u00fcdeerijaks on vesi. Veest eraldub leelismetallide toimel vesinik. Alates kaaliumist toimub reaktsioon nii tormiliselt, et tekkinud leelismetall ja vesinik s\u00fcttivad.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\">2 Li(t) + 2 H<sub>2<\/sub>O(v) <\/span><\/span>\u2192<span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\"> 2 LiOH(l) + H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\">2 Rb(t) + 2 H<sub>2<\/sub>O(v) <\/span><\/span>\u2192<span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\">\u00a0 2 RbOH(l) + H<sub>2<\/sub>(g) (s\u00fcttib p\u00f5lema)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\">Ba(t) + 2 H<sub>2<\/sub>O(v) <\/span><\/span>\u2192<span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><span lang=\"ET\"> Ba(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>(l) + H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/span> (energiline reaktsioon)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" class=\"wp-image-209 aligncenter\" style=\"width: 300px; height: 169px;\" title=\"na_loikamine_ja_reaktsioon_veega_1.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/na_loikamine_ja_reaktsioon_veega_1.gif\" alt=\"pilt\">\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" class=\"wp-image-204 aligncenter\" style=\"width: 300px; height: 169px;\" title=\"ca_loikamine_ja_reaktsioon_veega.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/ca_loikamine_ja_reaktsioon_veega.gif\" alt=\"pilt\"><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">Joonis 3. Na ja Ca reaktsioon veega<\/h6>\n<p>Allolevalt videolt n\u00e4ed, et Mg-t\u00fcki \u00fcmber on tekkinud vees aluseline keskkond, sest fenoolftaleiin (indikaator) on v\u00e4rvunud roosaks. Vesinikumullide eraldumine intensiivistub v\u00e4hesel kuumutamisel. Toatemperatuuril Mg reaktsioon veega praktiliselt ei toimu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"1067\" class=\"wp-image-205 aligncenter\" style=\"width: 200px; height: 356px;\" title=\"mg_reaktsioon_veega.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/mg_reaktsioon_veega.gif\" alt=\"pilt\"><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">Joonis 4. Mg reaktsioon veega (lisatud on indikaatorit fenoolftaleiini). V\u00e4hesel kuumutamisel tekib magneesiumh\u00fcdroksiid ja eraldub vesinik. Reaktsiooni tunnusena n\u00e4ed, et aluse tekkimisel v\u00e4rvub\u00a0lahus indikaatori t\u00f5ttu roosaks, lisaks n\u00e4ed\u00a0 gaasi eraldumist. <span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"color: black;\">Mg<\/span><\/span><\/i><i><span lang=\"ET\">(t) + 2 H<sub>2<\/sub>O(v) <\/span><\/i><\/span>\u2192<span style=\"line-height: normal;\"><i><span lang=\"ET\">\u00a0Mg(OH)<sub>2<\/sub>(l) + H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/h6>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebc-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d606bec6ebc-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebc-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 5<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebc-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebc-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebf-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d606bec6ebf-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebf-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 6<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebf-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d606bec6ebf-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<h2>Metallide reaktsioonid soolade vesilahustega<\/h2>\n<h5>\u00dcldreegel on, et metalli reageerimisel soolalahusega t\u00f5rjub aktiivsem metall v\u00e4lja v\u00e4hem aktiivse metalli.\u00a0<\/h5>\n<p>Metallide sukeldamisel soolade vesilahustesse v\u00f5ib toimuda v\u00e4ga palju erinevaid protsesse. Sageli toimuvad paralleelreaktsioonid. Reaktsioonid v\u00f5ivad olla m\u00f5jutatud nii metalli aktiivsusest kui ka soolalahuse happesusest. Kui soovitakse viia l\u00e4bi reaktsioon, kus aktiivsem metall t\u00f5rjub v\u00e4hem aktiivse metalli soolalahusest v\u00e4lja, tuleb j\u00e4rgida j\u00e4rgmisi reegleid:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>aktiivsem metall ei reageeri soola lahuses veega;<\/li>\n<li>reageeriv sool peab lahustuma vees;<\/li>\n<li>l\u00e4htemetall peab olema aktiivsem kui v\u00e4ljat\u00f5rjutav metall.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kui on j\u00e4lgitud eelnimetatud reegleid, siis saame kirjutada reaktsiooniv\u00f5rrandeid j\u00e4rgneva skeemi alusel:<\/p>\n<p><b><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">METALL + SOOL <\/span><\/span><\/b><i><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">\u2192<\/span><\/span><\/i><b><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"> UUS SOOL + UUS METALL<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Fe(t) + CuSO<sub>4<\/sub>(l)<\/span><\/span><i> <\/i>\u2192<i> <\/i><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Cu(t) + FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>(l)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Reaktsiooni saame kirjutada ioonv\u00f5rrandina:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1124\" height=\"302\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-200\" style=\"width: 261px; height: 70px;\" title=\"screenshot_2022-03-14_at_09.21.16.png\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-14_at_09.21.16.png\" alt=\"pilt\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-14_at_09.21.16.png 1124w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-14_at_09.21.16-300x81.png 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-14_at_09.21.16-1024x275.png 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/screenshot_2022-03-14_at_09.21.16-768x206.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1124px) 100vw, 1124px\"><\/p>\n<p>Kuna raud on pigereas eespool, saab raud v\u00e4lja t\u00f5rjuda metallilise vase vasesoola lahusest.<\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"ET\"><span style=\"line-height: 100%;\">Nende reaktsioonide kirjutamisel on j\u00e4llegi abiks metallide pingerida. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"236\" class=\"wp-image-206 aligncenter\" title=\"raua_plaadile_tilgutatakse_vaskiisulfaadi_lahust.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/raua_plaadile_tilgutatakse_vaskiisulfaadi_lahust.gif\" alt=\"pilt\"><\/p>\n<h6>Joonis 5. Videost n\u00e4ed, et raudplaadile tilgutatakse sinakat vask(II)sulfaadi lahust. Toimub reaktsioon ja on n\u00e4ha, et hallika raudplaadi pinnale tekib punakat v\u00e4rvi vasekiht.<\/h6>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d606bec6ec0-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d606bec6ec0-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d606bec6ec0-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 7<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d606bec6ec0-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d606bec6ec0-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69d606bec6ec1-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69d606bec6ec1-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69d606bec6ec1-collapse\">\u00dclesanne 8<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69d606bec6ec1-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69d606bec6ec1-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"168\" height=\"130\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-96\" style=\"width: 50px; height: 39px; float: right;\" title=\"popup.png\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/popup.png\" alt=\"popup\">\u00a0 <a href=\"#\" data-bs-toggle=\"modal\" data-bs-target=\"#popup-modal\" data-title=\"Loe lisaks: Amfoteersete metallide reaktsioonid leelistega.\" data-content='&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;LEELIS + METALL (amfoteerne) \u2192\u00a0KOMPLEKS\u00dcHEND + VESINIK&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Alumiiniumi reaktsiooni naatriumh\u00fcdroksiidi lahusega on n\u00e4ha videost allpool. Alumiinium on amfoteerne metall, mis reageerib nii aluste kui hapetega teatud tingimustel.&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"color: #00003a;\"&gt;2 Al(t) + 6 NaOH(l) + 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O(v) &lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;\u2192&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"color: #00003a;\"&gt; 2 Na&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;[Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;\/sub&gt;](l)+ 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;(g)&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"color: #00003a;\"&gt;v\u00f5i ioonsel kujul:&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"color: #00003a;\"&gt;2 Al(t) + 6 OH&lt;sup&gt;\u2013&lt;\/sup&gt;(l) + 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O &lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;\u2192&lt;span lang=\"ET\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"line-height: 100%;\"&gt;&lt;span style=\"color: #00003a;\"&gt; 2 [Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;\/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;\/sup&gt;(l) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;(g)&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;img class=\"alignnone wp-image-207\" style=\"width: 500px; height: 282px;\" title=\"alumiiniumi_reaktsioon_naoh-ga-_see_video_on_lehe_lopus_lisas.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/524\/alumiiniumi_reaktsioon_naoh-ga-_see_video_on_lehe_lopus_lisas.gif\" alt=\"pilt\" \/&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Alumiiniumi reaktsioon puhastusvaheniga Torusiil. Torusiil on selles katses 15%-line NaOH-lahus&lt;\/em&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;'>Loe lisaks: Amfoteersete metallide reaktsioonid leelistega.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Metallid on t\u00fc\u00fcpilised redutseerijad keemilistes reaktsioonides ning loovutavad alati redoksreaktsioonide k\u00e4igus elektrone. Seda n\u00e4ed igap\u00e4evaelus sellest, et metalli\u00a0pind\u00a0tuhmub\u00a0kergesti ehk korrodeerub. Metallide \u00fcldisemaid keemilisi omadusi saad vaadata j\u00e4rgmisest videost. Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega. Muuda n\u00f5usolekut Allikas:\u00a0https:\/\/youtu.be\/xLBQO2PDpoM Metallide redoksomadused &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":269,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-32","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/32","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/269"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/32\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1324,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/32\/revisions\/1324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/huvitavkeemia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}