{"id":6,"date":"2024-04-03T23:08:25","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:08:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/histoloogia\/neerukehake\/"},"modified":"2024-04-08T10:08:33","modified_gmt":"2024-04-08T07:08:33","slug":"neerukehake","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/histoloogia\/neerukehake\/","title":{"rendered":"Neerukehake"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"331\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/neerukehake.png\" alt=\"neerukehake.png\" class=\"wp-image-13\" title=\"neerukehake.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/neerukehake.png 500w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/neerukehake-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Neerukehake. Keskel p\u00e4smake, selle \u00fcmber lai kihnu valendik. Masson Trichrome<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Neerukehakesed on \u00fcmara v\u00f5i ovaalse kujuga struktuurid ja paiknevad koore osas. Neid \u00fcmbritseb glomerulooskihn e Bowmani kapsel (<em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">capsula glomeruli Bowmani<\/em>), kehakese keskel paikneb p\u00e4smake (<em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">glomerulus corpusculi renis<\/em>). Neerukehakeses eristatakse soonpoolust (<em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">polus vascularis<\/em>) ja tubulaarpoolust (<em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">polus tubularis<\/em>). Kapsli ja p\u00e4smakese vahele j\u00e4\u00e4b kihnu valendik (<em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">lumen capsulae<\/em>), kuhu filtreeritakse esmane uriin. Neerukehakese p\u00e4smakese moodustavad verekapillaarid (35-50 kapillaari), mesangiaalrakud ja ekstratsellulaarne mesangiaalmaatriks. Mesangiaalrakud on suured ja ebakorrap\u00e4raste j\u00e4tketega.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rakud osalevad fagots\u00fctoosis, s\u00e4ilitavad basaalmembraani ja kindlustavad glomerulaarse verevoolu. Neerude filtratsioonibarj\u00e4\u00e4ri moodustavad kapillaari endoteel, glomerulaarne basaalne membraan (GBM) ja podots\u00fc\u00fcdid. L\u00e4bi selle barj\u00e4\u00e4ri ei p\u00e4\u00e4se l\u00e4bi suure molekulaarmassi ja diameetriga proteiinid. P\u00e4smakese verekapillaaridel on v\u00e4ga paks GBM (2-3 korda paksem, kui teiste organite basaalmembraanid) ja viimane m\u00e4ngib neerude filtratsioonis v\u00e4ga olulist osa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>GBM koosneb kolmest kihist: kahest elektronheledast kihist \u2013\u00a0<em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">lamina rara externa<\/em>,\u00a0<em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">lamina rara interna<\/em>\u00a0ja elektrontumedast kihist \u2013\u00a0<em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">lamina densa<\/em>. Basaalmembraan on makromolekulaarne filter, mille moodustab proteiinide v\u00f5rgustik.\u00a0<em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">Lamina densa\u00a0<\/em>k\u00f5ige olulisem komponent on kollageen IV, lisaks sisaldab ta laminiini, proteogl\u00fckaani, heparaan sulfaati.\u00a0<em style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">Lamina rara interna et externa\u00a0<\/em>sisaldab fibronektiini. Glomerulaarsele basaalsele membraanile kinnituvad j\u00e4tketega rakud \u2013 podots\u00fc\u00fcdid. Podots\u00fc\u00fctide primaarseid j\u00e4tkeid nimetatakse ts\u00fctotrabeekuliteks, sekundaarseid j\u00e4tkeid ts\u00fctopoodideks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/membraan.png\" alt=\"membraan.png\" class=\"wp-image-14\" title=\"membraan.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/membraan.png 500w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/membraan-300x240.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Glomerulaarne basaalne membraan. TEM 24 000x<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">J\u00e4ta meelde!\u00a0\nNeerukehakest \u00fcmbritseb Bowmani kapsel.<\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Neerukehake. Keskel p\u00e4smake, selle \u00fcmber lai kihnu valendik. Masson Trichrome Neerukehakesed on \u00fcmara v\u00f5i ovaalse kujuga struktuurid ja paiknevad koore osas. Neid \u00fcmbritseb glomerulooskihn e Bowmani kapsel (capsula glomeruli Bowmani), kehakese keskel paikneb p\u00e4smake (glomerulus corpusculi renis). Neerukehakeses eristatakse soonpoolust &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/histoloogia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/histoloogia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/histoloogia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/histoloogia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/histoloogia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/histoloogia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":74,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/histoloogia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6\/revisions\/74"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/histoloogia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}