{"id":778,"date":"2024-04-03T23:40:18","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:40:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/martraud\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T00:09:08","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T21:09:08","slug":"martraud","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/r\/martraud\/","title":{"rendered":"Mart Raud"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\tPoems <\/strong><\/a>\"Mart<\/a><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tShort stories<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tAbout Mart Raud<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

\n\tMart Raud <\/span>(Martin Raud, pseudonym Villem Sarapik; 14. \/ 1. X 1903 \u2013 6. VII 1980) was a poet and prose writer.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tHe was born in Viljandimaa county, was educated at Heimtali, Paistu and Viljandi, and passed his matriculation as an external student at Tallinn in 1923. From 1923 to 1924 he attended Tartu Higher Music School and attended lectures in the faculty of philosophy at the University of Tartu. Thereafter he was a professional writer in Tartu and Tallinn. During the Second World War, in 1941, he was a front-line correspondent for the Estonian Information Agency (ETA) and was a member of the NKVD\u2019s destruction battalion in Tartu. During the German occupation he was evacuated to the Soviet Union, and worked there in the press and on radio. Coming back to Estonia, he was for a short time an editor on the journal Looming.<\/span><\/i>\u00a0He was a member of the Estonian Writers\u2019 Union from 1930; he was repeatedly a member of its board. He was a member of the CPSU from 1945. In 1946 he was awarded the title of Merited Writer of the ESSR, and in 19072 People\u2019s Writer of the ESSR. He died in Tallinn and was buried in the Forest Cemetery. His second wife was the translator Valda Raud (1920-2013), his children the writer Eno Raud (1928-1996) and the artist Anu Raud (b. 1943); his grandchildren are the writers Rein Raud (b. 1961), Mihkel Raud (b. 1969) and Piret Raud (b. 1971). <\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tHe made his poetic debut in 1919; in his first collections Kangastused<\/span><\/i>\u00a0(\u2018Mirages\u2019, 1924) and \u00c4itsmik <\/span><\/i>(\u2018A Nosegay\u2019, 1925) a romantic quality prevails. The collection Rusemed <\/span><\/i>(\u2018Marigolds\u2019, 1927) contains epic poetry and social concerns. Certainty of both content and form is marked in the collection Kauge ring <\/span><\/i>(\u2018Distant Circle\u2019, 1935). He was one of the authors taken up in the legendary Arbujad <\/span><\/i>anthology compiled by Ants Oras (1938).<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tHe also started on short prose in the twenties; the novel Uued inimesed <\/span><\/i>(\u2018New People\u2019), popular in its day, appeared in serial form in the newspaper P\u00e4evaleht <\/span><\/i>in 1925 and was based on the theme of settlers. A new quality is marked in the novel Videvikust varavalgeni <\/span><\/i>(\u2018From Dusk to Early Light\u2019, 1927, 2nd prize in the Loodus publishing house\u2019s novel competition), based on an opposition of characters, and offering a deeper psychological approach. The novel Tuulte teedel <\/span><\/i>(\u2018In the Paths of the Winds\u2019, 1928, 3rd prize in the Loodus novel competition), dealing with farming life, appeared under the pseudonym Villem Sarapik. Greater attention was paid to the novel Kirves ja kuu <\/span><\/i>(\u2018The Axe and the Moon\u2019, 1935, Tartu city literary prize), which considers a father\u2019s and son\u2019s conflict over various issues in life, in which the countryman values practicality above all, the other being a romantic artistic dreamer. The relationship between the creative person and society is under scrutiny in the novel Turg <\/span><\/i>(\u2018The Market\u2019, 1937). The opposition between reality and dreams is also one of the central themes of the short story collection \u00d5htused kajad <\/span><\/i>(\u2018Evening Echoes\u2019, 1936). Short prose came to the fore again in the late fifties, with the collection Silmast silma <\/span><\/i>(\u2018Eye to Eye\u2019, 1959).<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tThe forties brought Soviet ideology into his work. Poetry collections appeared bearing the stamp of the rhetoric and subject matter of the time, often of a propagandistic tendency, such as S\u00f5jas\u00f5na <\/span><\/i>(\u2018War-word\u2019, 1943), Uued sillad <\/span><\/i>(\u2018New Bridges\u2019, 1945), Valimisp\u00e4evaks <\/span><\/i>(\u2018For Election Day\u2019, 1947, Soviet Estonia prize 1948), J\u00f5ud ja valgus<\/span><\/i>\u00a0(\u2018Power and Light\u2019, 1948, Soviet Estonia prize 1949) and K\u00f5ik teed <\/span><\/i>(\u2018All Roads\u2019, 1953). One of the motifs of the poetry written during the war is the unification of past and present struggles; thus the motivation for the cantata J\u00fcri\u00f6\u00f6 tuled <\/span><\/i>(\u2018Fires of St. George\u2019s Night) is the 600th anniversary of the St. George\u2019s Night uprising in 1943. Epic poetry is prominent in his poetry of wartime, when he wrote ballads and portrait poems (such as Viktor Kingissepp<\/span><\/i>). Fables and ballads are collected in Kaks Astjat <\/span><\/i>(\u2018Two Vessels\u2019, 1946). Renewal in his poetry, thematic diversification and emergence from the circle of narrow Soviet ideology is marked in his collection Laulud ei l\u00f5pe <\/span><\/i>(\u2018The Songs do Not End\u2019, 1961), Kuldne s\u00fcgis <\/span><\/i>(\u2018Golden Autumn\u2019, 1966) and \u00c4rateeline <\/span><\/i>(\u2018Outward Voyager\u2019, 1978, J. Smuul prize 1979), signalling a new quality. A significant facet of his poetry are his witty epigrams.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tThe first representative of Soviet Estonian drama was Mart Raud\u2019s M\u00f5\u00f5k v\u00e4ravas <\/span><\/i>(\u2018The Sword at the Gate\u2019, 1941), which deals with political prisoners. The revolutionary events of the wartime were dealt with in Karastus <\/span><\/i>(\u2018Tempering\u2019, 1946). More attention has been paid to his drama with distinctively lyrical mood Suve\u00f6\u00f6 ilmsi <\/span><\/i>(\u2018Midsummer Night\u2019s Reality\u2019, 1962), which again deals with the relationship between art and society.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tA. K. (Translated by C. M.)<\/em><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

\n\tBooks<\/span><\/b>\u00a0in Estonian<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tNovels<\/span><\/b><\/em>
Videvikust varavalgeni<\/strong>. Tartu: Loodus, 1927, 176 lk.\u00a0[J\u00e4rgmised tr\u00fckid: 1976, 1979.]
Villem Sarapik,\u00a0Tuulte teedel<\/strong>. Tartu: Loodus, 1928, 602 lk.
Kirves ja kuu<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1935, 357 lk.\u00a0[J\u00e4rgmised tr\u00fckid: 1958, 1963, 1979.]
Turg<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1937, 251 lk.\u00a0[J\u00e4rgmised tr\u00fckid: 1956, 1963, 1979.]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tShort prose<\/span><\/b><\/em>
\u00d5htused kajad<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1936, 136 lk.
Noor kangelane<\/strong>: jutustus noortele N\u00f5ukogude Liidu Kangelase Arnold Meri v\u00f5itlejateest.\u00a0Moskva: ENSV Riiklik Kirjastus, 1943, 78 lk.
Igaviku l\u00e4vel<\/strong>: jutustus. Tallinn: Ajalehtede-Ajakirjade Kirjastus\u00a0(Loomingu Raamatukogu), 1960, 63 lk.
Silmast silma<\/strong>: novelle. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1959, 316 lk.
Jutup\u00f5im<\/strong>: romaan ja jutustused. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1976, 496 lk. [Sisaldab romaani \u2018Videvikust varavalgeni\u2019.]
Valitud novellid<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1980, 380 lk.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tPoetry<\/span><\/b><\/em>
Kangastused<\/strong>: luuletusi 1919-1923. Tartu: S\u00f5navara, 1924, 99 lk.
\u00c4itsmik<\/strong>: armastuslaule s\u00fcgistalvest 1924. Tallinn: Tallinna Eesti Kirjastus-\u00dchisus, 1925, 61 lk.
Rusemed<\/strong>: kolm poeemi. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1927, 61 lk.
Kauge ring<\/strong>: luuletusi 1930-1935. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1935, 59 lk.
S\u00f5jas\u00f5na<\/strong>: luuletusi 1941-1943. Moskva: ENSV Riiklik Kirjastus, 1943, 70 lk.
Uued sillad<\/strong>: isamaaluulet 1943-1944. Tallinn: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1945, 81 lk.
J\u00fcri\u00f6\u00f6 tuled<\/strong>: kantaat eestlaste J\u00fcri\u00f6\u00f6 \u00fclest\u00f5usu 600. aastap\u00e4evaks. Tallinn: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1946, 28 lk.
Kaks astjat<\/strong>: v\u00e4rsse enne ja p\u00e4rast s\u00f5da. Tallinn: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1946, 96 lk.
Valimisp\u00e4evaks<\/strong>: isamaaluulet 1946-1947. Tallinn: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1947, 45 lk.
J\u00f5ud ja valgus<\/strong>: luuletused ja poeemid 1947-1948. Tallinn: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1948, 152 lk.
Valitud luuletused<\/strong>: 1919-1947. Tallinn: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1948, 283 lk.
K\u00f5ik teed<\/strong>: luuletusi ja poeeme. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1953, 176 lk.
Laulud ei l\u00f5pe<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1961, 94 lk.
Kuldne s\u00fcgis<\/strong>: luuletusi 1963-1965. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1966, 128 lk.
S\u00f5jas\u00f5na<\/strong>. Koost. E. S\u00f5gel. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1970, 80 lk.
J\u00e4lgede kiri<\/strong>: l\u00fc\u00fcrilisi \u00fclest\u00e4hendusi ja satiirilist sekka\u00fctlemist m\u00f5ne sammu v\u00f5rra enam kui poole sajandi teedelt: luuletused. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1972, 307 lk.
\u00c4rateeline<\/strong>: viimaste aastate luulet. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1978, 148 lk.
Laulikulugu<\/strong>: valik luulet aastaist 1919-1979. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1981, 374 lk.
Mart Raud<\/strong>. Koosanud. A. Eelm\u00e4e. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1983, 176 lk. [Sari\u00a0\u2018V\u00e4ike luuleraamat\u2019.]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tPlays<\/span><\/b><\/em>
Villem Sarapik, Kangelane kalmult<\/strong>. Tallinn: T\u00f6\u00f6kool, 1933, 53 lk.
Villem Sarapik,\u00a0J\u00fcrimatsi jaanik<\/strong>. Tallinn: T\u00f6\u00f6kool, 1934, 31 lk.
Kirves ja kuu<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Haridusliit, 1936, 135 lk.
Villem Sarapik,\u00a0V\u00f5idum\u00e4e<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Haridusliit, 1938, 51 lk.
M\u00f5\u00f5k v\u00e4ravas<\/strong>. Tartu: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1941, 108 lk.
Karastus<\/strong>. Tallinn: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1946, 84 lk.
Suve\u00f6\u00f6 ilmsi<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1962, 104 lk.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tCollected works<\/span><\/b><\/em>
Luuleraamat. Teosed,\u00a01. kd<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1963, 480 lk.
Kirves ja kuu. Turg. Teosed,\u00a02. kd<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1963, 520 lk.
Silmast silma: jutustusi ja novelle. Teosed,\u00a03. kd<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1964, 440 lk.
Lavavalgelt. Teosed,\u00a04. kd<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1967, 224 lk.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Poems Short stories About Mart Raud \u00a0 Mart Raud (Martin Raud, pseudonym Villem Sarapik; 14. \/ 1. X 1903 \u2013 6. VII 1980) was a poet and prose writer. He was born in Viljandimaa county, was educated at Heimtali, Paistu …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":0,"parent":686,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-778","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/43"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=778"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4307,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/778\/revisions\/4307"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/686"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}