{"id":5604,"date":"2024-10-01T14:06:54","date_gmt":"2024-10-01T11:06:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/?page_id=5604"},"modified":"2024-10-01T14:06:55","modified_gmt":"2024-10-01T11:06:55","slug":"jaak-jarv","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/j\/jaak-jarv\/","title":{"rendered":"Jaak J\u00e4rv"},"content":{"rendered":"


Jaak J\u00e4rv (17\/5 April 1852 \u2013 March 1920) was a prose writer and columnist, the author of the first original Estonian novel Vallim\u00e4e neitsi<\/em> (\u2018Virgin of the Stronghold Hill\u2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaak J\u00e4rv was born in Viljandi County and received his primary education at R\u00f5hu in N\u00f5o parish. Having studied independently, J\u00e4rv passed the parish schoolmaster\u2019s exam and worked as a schoolmaster. In 1876, he went to Viljandi, where he worked for Carl Robert Jakobson<\/a>\u2019s newspaper Sakala<\/em>. In 1881, J\u00e4rv acquired the newspaper Tartu Eesti Seitung<\/em>, which he transferred to Tallinn in the following year and renamed it as Virulane<\/em>. For example, Eduard Vilde<\/a> and Juhan Liiv<\/a>, the future leading authors of Estonian literature, also worked at his newspaper for some time. J\u00e4rv continued Jacobson\u2019s democratic trend, stood for the rights of the Estonian language and expressed his stance against the German landlords. As he dealt with the themes of the labour movement, he was accused of spreading socialist ideas and was expelled from the Baltic provinces in 1888, and Virulane<\/em> closed down. After the end of his exile in Moscow, J\u00e4rv returned to Tallinn where he engaged in business. At the beginning of the 20th century, Virulane<\/em> also appeared for a while (under different new names) but no longer achieved its former popularity. In 1912, J\u00e4rv returned to Moscow again where he lived until 1919 when he moved on to the Samara Governorate in Russia where he died in the spring of 1920 under confusing circumstances on the Dyoma River.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u00e4rv started his literary activity in the early 1870s. In 1873, influenced by Lydia Koidula<\/a>, he published the collection of poems Lillekimbukene<\/em> (\u2018Little Bunch of Flowers\u2019) with patriotic and sentimental motifs typical of the era. J\u00e4rv was engaged in literary creation most of all during the days of Virulane<\/em> when his poetry and prose depicting contemporary circumstances were mainly published in the newspaper\u2019s supplement. His writings, for example the story Elsa<\/em>, show his sympathy for the poor and the disadvantaged and criticism of the German landlords. J\u00e4rv\u2019s most important work is Vallim\u00e4e neitsi<\/em> (\u2018Virgin of the Stronghold Hill, 1885), which is considered to be the first original Estonian novel. The action of the eventful historical novel with melodramatic elements mostly takes place in the years of the Great Northern War in Tallinn. The events are centred on the brave and noble girl Marta. The events revolve around the mystery of her birth and her life course. Clashes between Catholicism and Lutheranism play an important role in both this novel and the short story Ristit\u00fctar<\/em> (\u2018Goddaughter\u2019, 1891), which focuses on the Reformation movement. Karolus<\/em> (1892), which reflects the St George\u2019s Night Uprising in 1343, also depicts historical events. J\u00e4rv\u2019s works with their romantic and adventurous attitude, although schematic and black-and-white, were popular among the readers of his time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Along with fiction, Jaak J\u00e4rv published various pamphlets and enlightening journalism in which he became increasingly moralistic. While living in Russia in the last years of his life, he became interested in mysticism and spiritualism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A. K. (Translated by I. A.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Books in Estonian<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Novels<\/em><\/strong>
Wallim\u00e4e neitsi<\/strong>: Algup\u00e4raline romaan Eesti minewikust. Tallinn: Virulane, 1885, 372 lk [j\u00e4rgmised tr\u00fckid: 1906, 1908, 1923, 1997]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Short prose<\/em><\/strong>
Ilm ja elu. 1. anne<\/strong>. Tallinn: A. ja J. J\u00e4rv, 1890, 159 lk. [Jutud, \u00f5petlikud ja teaduslikud kirjutised ja laulud].
Ilm ja elu. 2. anne<\/strong>. Tallinn: A. ja J. J\u00e4rv, 1890, 158 lk. [Jutud, \u00f5petlikud ja teaduslikud kirjutised ja laulud].
Ilm ja elu. 3. anne<\/strong>. Tallinn: A. ja J. J\u00e4rv, 1890, 158 lk. [Jutud, \u00f5petlikud ja teaduslikud kirjutised ja laulud].
Ilm ja elu. 4. anne<\/strong>. Tallinn: K. Busch, 1891, 158 lk. [Jutud, \u00f5petlikud ja teaduslikud kirjutised ja laulud].
Ristit\u00fctar<\/strong>: Ajalooline jutustus Eestimaa Katoliku usu ajast. Tallinn: K. Laurmann, 1891, 96 lk [2. tr 1892]
W\u00f5itluste tormis ehk Uus Robinson<\/strong>: jutustus \u00fche naesterahwa imelikust elust. Tallinn: K. Laurmann, 1891, 196 lk
Karolus<\/strong>: ajalooline jutustus Eesti minewikust. Tallinn: K. Laurmann, 1892, 136 lk [2. tr 1923]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Poetry<\/em><\/strong>
Lillekimbukene<\/strong>: Esimene pihut\u00e4is 29 \u00f5ies. Tartu: J. J\u00e4rv, 1873, 35 lk<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miscellaneous<\/em><\/strong>
Itaalia t\u00f5etunnistaja Filoteo Giordano Bruno<\/strong>: Tema wahva w\u00f5itlemine ja hale surm. Tallinn: 1884, 24 lk
Inimesesoo h\u00e4\u00e4tegijad<\/strong>: \u00c4ratawad ja \u00f5petlikud elulood suurtest h\u00e4\u00e4tegijatest. Tallinn: A. ja J. J\u00e4rv, 1890, 150 lk
Joomise-katk ja w\u00f5itlemine tema wastu<\/strong>. Tallinn: A. ja J. J\u00e4rv, 1890, 175 lk
Laste Palwe-Raamat<\/strong>: s\u00fcnnis ja tululik ka k\u00f5igele noorele rahwale. Tallinn: K. Laurmann, 1891, 64 lk
S\u00f5numed hukatuse ja \u00f5nnistuse teelt<\/strong>. Tallinn: K. Laurmann, 1891, 72 lk
Waenlane s\u00f6bra n\u00e4ol<\/strong>. Tartu: \u00dchendatud Eesti karskuseseltsid, 1892, 26 lk
Tunne iseennast!<\/strong>: M\u00f6tted ja t\u00f6endused hinge suremata oleku \u00fcle. Tallinn: J. J\u00e4rv, 1895, 58 lk
Naisterahwas s\u00fc\u00fcpingis meeste ees<\/strong>. Moskva: J. L\u00e4te, 1912, 40 lk<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jaak J\u00e4rv (17\/5 April 1852 \u2013 March 1920) was a prose writer and columnist, the author of the first original Estonian novel Vallim\u00e4e neitsi (\u2018Virgin of the Stronghold Hill\u2019). Jaak J\u00e4rv was born in Viljandi County and received his primary …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":0,"parent":620,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5604","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/43"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5604"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5605,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5604\/revisions\/5605"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/620"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}