{"id":258,"date":"2024-04-03T23:39:34","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:39:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/sutiste\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T00:10:34","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T21:10:34","slug":"sutiste","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/s\/sutiste\/","title":{"rendered":"Juhan S\u00fctiste"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\t\"Juhan<\/a><\/span>Poems<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

\n\tJuhan S\u00fctiste (until 1936 Johannes Sch\u00fctz, 28.\/16. XII 1899 \u2013 10. II 1945) was an Estonian poet, a representative of so-called \u2018true-to-life\u2019 poetry.<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tHe was born in T\u00e4htvere district in Tartumaa county, the son of a building worker on a forestry estate. From 1909 to 1912 he attended the church school of St. Peter\u2019s congregation in Tartu; from 1913 to 1919 he was an apprentice watchmaker; from 1919 to 1922 he attended the Tartu night gymnasium and went to evening drawing classes. In 1919-1920 he belonged to the reserve battalion of Tartu schoolteachers, and took part in the battles of Pskov against the Red Army in the War of Independence. After the war he worked for a watchmaker, and from 1923 to 1931 he studied at the University of Tartu without graduating, mostly attending lectures on literature, folklore and history. S\u00fctiste was active in sport, winning the javelin event at the Student Olympiad in Rome in 1927. He travelled in Europe and West Africa. From 1934 to 1937 he was a lecturer and director for the Tartu Drama Theatre Society, from 1938 to 1940 a dramaturge for the Drama Theatre in Tallinn, and in 1940 he was promoted to deputy director of the United Drama and Workers\u2019 Theatre.<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tIn 1941 he was mobilized into the Tallinn Workers\u2019 Regiment of the Red Army and took part in the battles of Kadriorg, ending up in hospital, where he was arrested by the German occupying forces. S\u00fctiste spent 1941-1942 in Patarei prison in Tallinn; in 1943-1944 he was back working at the Drama Theatre as a dramaturge. After the start of the Soviet occupation he came into the field of interest of the NKVD in 1944; one NKVD document called S\u00fctiste \u201ca vicious enemy of Soviet order\u201d. S\u00fctiste died in Tallinn in 1945 as the result of a heart attack, according to some sources directly after yet another NKVD interrogation.<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tS\u00fctiste published his first poems in 1921 in the journal Murrang<\/em>. In 1925, together with Erni Hiir and Mihkel J\u00fcrna, he issued the compilations Sang<\/em> (\u2018Handle\u2019) and Bumerang<\/em> (\u2018Boomerang\u2019), collections of expressionist poetry. His own first collection Rahutus<\/em> (\u2018Unease\u2019, 1928) contains realistic autobiographical material. Between 1930 and 1934 S\u00fctiste published four poetry collections, in which the poet further develops his realistic approach. Compared with his first collection, S\u00fctiste is less autobiographical, concentrating on depicting the difficulties of life for urban working people. The author\u2019s political views were of the radical Left; he belonged to the Students\u2019 Social Philosophical Association, which was directed by the then-illegal Communist Party. To this period belong what are now S\u00fctiste\u2019s best-known poetry collections, Maha rahu!<\/em> (\u2018Down with Peace!\u2019, 1932) and Kaks leeri<\/em> (\u2018Two Camps\u2019, 1933).<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tS\u00fctiste continued on his chosen path of realism in the second half of the nineteen-thirties, but no longer so strikingly. After the start of the Era of Silence imposed in 1934 by President Konstantin P\u00e4ts, S\u00fctiste was no longer as radical, and to some extent he went along with the official literary policy, which entrenched a positive kind of image. At the end of the decade S\u00fctiste again became more critical of power. His last works, the long poem Maakera p\u00f6\u00f6rdub itta<\/em>\u00a0(\u2018The Earth Turns Eastward\u2019), written after the coup of 21 June and which appeared in September 1940 in the journal Viisnurk<\/em>, and the poetry collection Umbsed p\u00e4evad<\/em> (\u2018Airless Days\u2019, 1945), written during the German occupation, support Soviet power, yet were not written to order or artistically worthless. In 1941 the tale in verse for children Kalamehed<\/em>\u00a0(\u2018The Fishermen\u2019) appeared, and became popular in subsequent decades. His poetry has been published in several collections in recent decades, most recently in 1999 in the book Kui t\u00f5mbetuul on luuletaja saatus<\/em> (\u2018When Cross-currents are the Fate of the Poet\u2019).<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tS\u00fctiste wrote more drama in the latter half of his life. He published a verse drama on Biblical motifs, Jumalate m\u00e4ss<\/em> (\u2018The Revolt of the Gods\u2019, in the journal Looming<\/em>, 1933) and a psychological family drama, Esimene p\u00e4\u00e4suke<\/em> (\u2018The First Swallow\u2019, 1933). In 1941 S\u00fctiste was commissioned to write the libretto of an opera to commemorate the centenary of the peasant uprising of 1841, P\u00fchaj\u00e4rv<\/em> (\u2018Lake P\u00fchaj\u00e4rv\u2019; published in \u2018Works\u2019, 1956). At the end of the war he wrote the verse drama Ristikoerad<\/em> (\u2018Dogs of the Cross\u2019), which deals with the Estonians\u2019 battles with the Crusaders in the 13th century (Looming<\/em>, 1946). In the last months of his life he wrote a pair of plays depicting contemporary political events, Laviin liigub<\/em> (\u2018The Avalanche Moves\u2019) and Laviin puruneb<\/em> (\u2018The Avalanche Bursts\u2019), which remained unfinished (they appeared in \u2018Works\u2019, 1956).<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tWith his realistic socially critical poetry, depicting the lives of working people, S\u00fctiste was deliberately and programmatically contrasting with the dominant elitist, intellectual and spiritual poetry of the nineteen-thirties in Estonia, represented at its best by the Arbujad grouping. This attitude was carried over into S\u00fctiste\u2019s polemical and productive literary criticism.<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tS. V. (Translated by C. M.)<\/span><\/em>\n<\/p>\n

Books in Estonian<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tPoems<\/em><\/strong>
Hiir, Sch\u00fctz, J\u00fcrna, Sang<\/strong>. Tartu: Arlekiin, 1925, 36 lk. [Autorid: Erni Hiir, Juhan S\u00fctiste, Mihkel J\u00fcrna.]<\/span>
Hiir, Sch\u00fctz, J\u00fcrna, Bumerang<\/strong>. Tartu: Hiir, Sch\u00fctz, J\u00fcrna, 1925, 62 lk. [Autorid: Erni Hiir, Juhan S\u00fctiste, Mihkel J\u00fcrna.]<\/span>
Johannes Sch\u00fctz, Rahutus<\/strong>. Tartu: Eesti Kirjanikkude Liit, 1928, 97 lk.<\/span>
Johannes Sch\u00fctz, Peipsist mereni<\/strong>. Tartu: Eesti Kirjanikkude Liit, 1930, 86 lk.<\/span>
Johannes Sch\u00fctz, Maha rahu!<\/strong>. Tartu: Eesti Kirjanikkude Liit, 1932, 78 lk.<\/span>
Johannes Sch\u00fctz, Kaks leeri<\/strong>. Tartu: Eesti Kirjanikkude Liit, 1933, 76 lk.<\/span>
Johannes Sch\u00fctz, S\u00fcdasuvi<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1934, 74 lk.<\/span>
Noored partisanid<\/strong>. Poeem. Tartu: Eesti Kirjastuse Kooperatiiv, 1935, 158 lk.<\/span>
P\u00e4ikese ootel<\/strong>. Tartu: Eesti Kirjastuse Kooperatiiv, 1935, 76 lk.<\/span>
Sadamad ja saared<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1936, 79 lk.<\/span>
Ringk\u00e4ik<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1937, 77 lk.<\/span>
Valgus ja varjud<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1939, 70 lk.<\/span>
Umbsed p\u00e4evad<\/strong>. Luuletusi 1942-1944. Tallinn: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1945, 96 lk.<\/span>
Valitud luuletused<\/strong>. Tallinn: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1946, 300 lk.<\/span>
Luuletused<\/strong>. Koostanud Paul Rummo. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1955, 532 lk.<\/span>
Juhan S\u00fctiste<\/strong>. Koostanud Jaan Kross. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1964, 184 lk. [Sari \u2018V\u00e4ike luuleraamat\u2019.]<\/span>
Maakera p\u00f6\u00f6rdub itta<\/strong>. V\u00e4rssmontaa\u017e. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1967, 20 lk.<\/span>
Tervitus teile!<\/strong>. Koostanud Endel S\u00f5gel. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1970, 55 lk. [Sari \u2018Poeedilt s\u00f5javeteranile\u2019.]<\/span>
Luuletused<\/strong>. Koostaja D. Vaarandi. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1972, 396 lk.<\/span>
Luulet<\/strong>. Koostanud Karl Muru. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1978, 120 lk.<\/span>
Kui t\u00f5mbetuul on luuletaja saatus<\/strong>. Koostanud Georg Gr\u00fcnberg. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1999, 542 lk.<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tChildren\u2019s poem<\/em><\/strong><\/span>
Kalamehed<\/strong>. Tallinn: Pedagoogiline Kirjandus, 1941, 12 lk. [J\u00e4rgnevad tr\u00fckid: 1950, 1961, 1980, 1986, digiraamat: 2016.]<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tPlays<\/em><\/strong><\/span>
Esimene p\u00e4\u00e4suke<\/strong>. N\u00e4idend kolmes vaatuses. Tallinn: Eesti Haridusliit, 1937, 135 lk.<\/span>
Lembitu<\/strong>. (Ristikoerad.) N\u00e4idend 4-as vaatuses. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1950, 96 lk.<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tNon-fiction<\/em><\/strong><\/span>
Iga hetk on loov<\/strong>. Valimik J. S\u00fctiste teatrikirjutusi. Koostanud ja kommenteerinud Oskar Kruus. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1974, 156 lk.<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tCollected works<\/em><\/strong><\/span>
Teosed. 1. k\u00f6ide<\/strong>. Luuletused. Koostanud Paul Rummo. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1955, 532 lk.<\/span>
Teosed. 2. k\u00f6ide<\/strong>. Poeemid; Publitsistika; Dramaturgia. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1956, 519 lk. [Sisaldab n\u00e4idendeid \u2018Jumalate m\u00e4ss\u2019, \u2018P\u00fchaj\u00e4rv\u2019, \u2018Ristikoerad\u2019.]<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tAbout Juhan S\u00fctiste<\/em><\/strong>
Oskar Kruus, Juhan S\u00fctiste<\/strong>. Eluk\u00e4ik ja looming. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 2000, 254 lk.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Poems \u00a0 Juhan S\u00fctiste (until 1936 Johannes Sch\u00fctz, 28.\/16. XII 1899 \u2013 10. II 1945) was an Estonian poet, a representative of so-called \u2018true-to-life\u2019 poetry. He was born in T\u00e4htvere district in Tartumaa county, the son of a building worker …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":0,"parent":697,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-258","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/43"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=258"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4817,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/258\/revisions\/4817"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/697"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}