{"id":1914,"date":"2024-04-03T23:42:10","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:42:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/saal\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T00:05:53","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T21:05:53","slug":"saal","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/s\/saal\/","title":{"rendered":"Andres Saal"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\tAbout Andres Saal<\/strong><\/span><\/a> \"Andres<\/a>\n<\/p>\n

\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

\n\tAndres Saal (21.\/9. V 1861 \u2013 23. VI 1931) was an Estonian writer, journalist, photographer, cartographer and ethnographer, one of the best-known proponents of historical prose and promoters of knowledge of Estonian history in late-19th century Estonian literature.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tSaal was born in Tori parish, the son of a farmer. He attended Selja village school and Tori parish school. At the age of 17 he took up a post as an assistant schoolmaster, while continuing his studies. In 1880 he passed the schoolteachers\u2019 vocational examination at Tartu Teachers\u2019 Seminary, but afterwards devoted himself mostly to journalism. He worked on the newspaper Olevik<\/em> (1884-1890). He attended lectures on archaeology and history, and learned languages at the University of Tartu (1886-1890). From 1889 to 1892 he worked in Tartu as a shopkeeper; from 1892 to 1893 he studied photography and zincography in Germany, and was a recognised specialist in that field.\u00a0 For a few years in the eighteen-nineties he worked in the Olevik<\/em> printing house. In 1897 he left Estonia in search of opportunities for self-realisation and improved his skills in Germany. From 1898 he lived for 22 years in the Dutch East Indies (later to become Indonesia), learning the local languages and acquainting himself with their history and culture. From 1898 to 1902 he worked in a private printing house in Surabaya, occupied with zincography, photography and cartography. From 1902 to 1911 he was a photographer in the topographical service of the Dutch colonial authorities in Batavia (later Jakarta); from 1912 to 1916 he managed a photography studio there. He visited Europe several times on recreational and study leave and published abundantly on current affairs. In 1920 he retired to California, where he died. He visited Estonia for the last time in 1925. A memorial has been erected to him at Tori cemetery.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tOf his earliest attempts in the field of prose, the most attention was paid to his thriller story P\u00f5genenud kloostri kasvandik<\/em> (\u2018The Escapee from the Monastery\u2019, 1885). A considerable portion of Saal\u2019s historical prose appeared in a period of five years: from 1889 to 1893 he published twelve national-romantic tales, whose action takes place mostly in Estonia\u2019s distant past. Ancient historical events are merely a backdrop for exciting and tense, skilfully intertwined adventure stories, in which one can observe the outlines of young people\u2019s popular literature characteristic of the time. In his treatment of history he achieved greater authenticity compared to previous prose writers, based on the Chronicle of Henry of Livonia, the German tradition of historical narrative, archaeological findings and material from folklore.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tMost successful of Saal\u2019s works was the historical trilogy Vambola<\/em> (1889), Aita<\/em> (1891) and Leili<\/em> (1892-1893), which deals with the Estonians\u2019 and Livonians\u2019 struggle for freedom at the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th centuries, at a time of transition from ancient independence to colonial dependence. In all three works, against a background of colourful action and unexpected turns, an overblown sentimental opposition between virtuous and vicious characters is played out. The action of the historical tale Hilda<\/em> (1890) takes place around the time of the St. George\u2019s Night uprising of 1343, and is based on the younger Livonian rhymed chronicle of Bartholom\u00e4us Hoeneke. A less definite historical background appears in in the tales Uudu ja Meeta<\/em> (\u2018Uudu and Meeta\u2019, 1892), Saare piiga<\/em> (\u2018The Maid of the Island\u2019, 1893) and Dan ja Singa<\/em> (\u2018Dan and Singa\u2019, 1893); also set at a time in the past are the events of the thrilling adventure stories S\u00f5strasilmad<\/em> (\u2018Currant Eyes\u2019, 1890) and Kunstniku paleus<\/em> (\u2018The Artist\u2019s Ideal\u2019, 1892). The author collected shorter prose pieces in the collections \u00c4mariku tunnid<\/em> (\u2018Dusk Hours\u2019, 1892) and Vaimude vallas<\/em> (\u2018Possessed by Spirits\u2019, 1894).\u00a0 In his post-Romantic prose, of which the most substantial works were published in large repeated print runs, Saal brought the subject of the ancient struggle for freedom closer to Estonians, he depicted anti-slavery attitudes and cultivated a nationalist mentality, which in the early eighteen-nineties also attracted the attention of the censors. For this reason Saal sought a new field of activity for himself and started learning photography and zincography.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tWandering the wide world, Saal wrote travelogues for newspapers, and books on local history, in which he expressed his anti-colonial views. In the tale Priiuse ja isamaa eest<\/em> (\u2018For Freedom and Fatherland\u2019, 1903) he shows his opposition to the Boer War; in the novel Valge vanne<\/em> (\u2018The White Oath\u2019, 1904, in book form 1912) Saal criticises the Netherlands\u2019 colonial policies. The topical novel Valgus hommikust<\/em> (\u2018Light of the Morning\u2019, 1908, in book form 1929) he continues on the theme of the Indonesian struggle for freedom. Many articles on Oriental conditions and cultures, historical surveys and travelogues emerged from his pen. The historical studies P\u00e4ris ja prii<\/em> (\u2018Real and Free\u2019, I-II, 1891-1893) and \u00dcle\u00fcldine isamaa ajalugu<\/em> (\u2018General History of the Fatherland\u2019, 1893) had a widespread domestic readership. In specialised periodicals he published several studies in the field of photography. Saal\u2019s diverse output is mostly collected in the 6-volume Valitud kirjat\u00f6\u00f6de kogu<\/em> (\u2018Selected Writings\u2019, 1926-1936).<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tA. O. (Translated by C. M.)<\/span><\/span><\/em>\n<\/p>\n

Books in Estonian<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tProse<\/em><\/strong>
P\u00f5genenud kloostri kasvandik<\/strong>. Algup\u00e4rane jutustus. Tartu: M.\u00a0Mykan, 1885, 168 lk. [E-raamat: 2015.]
Vambola<\/strong>. Jutustus vanast Eesti ajaloost (1209\u20131212). Tartu: J.\u00a0Solba, 1889, 258 lk. [J\u00e4rgnevad tr\u00fckid: 1913, 1921, 1936, 1951, 1976, 1991. E-raamat: 2013.]
Hilda<\/strong>. Ajaloolone jutustus 14.\u00a0aastasajast. Tallinn: K.Busch, 1890, 292 lk. [J\u00e4rgnevad tr\u00fckid: 1930, 1953.]
S\u00f5strasilmad<\/strong>. Tartu: Ch.Treyer, 1890, 157 lk. [J\u00e4rgnevad tr\u00fckid: 1903, 1909, 1913, 1917. E-raamat: 2015.]
Aita<\/strong>. Jutustus liivi ja eesti rahva vabadusv\u00f5itlusest 12.\u00a0aastasaja l\u00f5pul. Tallinn: G.\u00a0Pihlakas, 1891, 208 lk. [J\u00e4rgnevad tr\u00fckid: 1903, 1921, 1931, 1952, 1991. E-raamat: 2015.]
Leili, \u00fcks pagana naine<\/strong>. Paide: A.Seidelberg, 1892\u20131893, 359 lk. [J\u00e4rgnevad tr\u00fckid: 1926, 1991.]
Uudu ja Meeta<\/strong>. Jutustus vanast ajast. Rakvere: P.\u00a0Erna, 1892, 79 lk.
Kunstniku paleus<\/strong>. Jutuke minevikust. Rakvere: M.\u00a0Erna, 1892, 48 lk.
\u00c4mariku tunnid<\/strong>. Tartu: A.\u00a0Grenzstein, 1892, 76 lk.
Dan ja Singa<\/strong>. Jutustus muinasajast. Tallinn: H.\u00a0J.\u00a0Vahtrik, 1893, 72 lk. [E-raamat: 2015.]
Vaimude vallas<\/strong>. Jurjev: G.\u00a0Grenzstein, 1894, 64 lk.
Romaanlik kosimine ehk Karistav kihlvedu<\/strong>. Rakvere: N.\u00a0Erna, 1894, 40 lk.
Sala lehed R\u00e4bala Hansu eluraamatust ehk K\u00f5ige kurja juur<\/strong>. Jurjev: A.\u00a0Saal, 1897, 58 lk.
Priiuse ja isamaa eest<\/strong>. Jutustus viimasest Buuri s\u00f5jast. Jurjev: K.\u00a0Koppel, 1903, 196 lk.
Saare piiga<\/strong>. Tartu: Eesti Kirjanduse Selts, 1927, 193 lk.
Valge vanne ehk Viimased sultanilapsed<\/strong>. Tartu: G.\u00a0Grenzstein, 1912, 495 lk. [Romaan.]
Valgus hommikust<\/strong>. Tartu: Odamees, 1929, 154 lk. [Romaan.]<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tTravel books<\/em><\/strong>
All-ilma saladused. Jaava tulem\u00e4gedelt<\/strong>. Jurjev: K.\u00a0Koppel, 1903, 50 lk.
Jaava<\/strong>. Tartu: G.\u00a0Grenzstein, 1911, 24 lk.
N\u00e4gemata ilm ja suremata elu<\/strong>. Tallinn: Kiri, 1925, 72 lk.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tHistorical works<\/em><\/strong>
Liivimaa kaelakohus k\u00e4esoleva aastasajaalguseni<\/strong>. Tartu: 1891.
P\u00e4ris ja prii I<\/strong>. Eesti rahva p\u00e4risorjuse ajalugu (1215\u20131819). Rakvere: P.\u00a0Erna, 1891, 128 lk. [E-raamat: 2015.]
P\u00e4ris ja prii II<\/strong>. Eestlaste priiuse ajalugu algusest meie ajani (1819\u20131866). Rakvere: P.\u00a0Erna, 1893, 142 lk. [E-raamat: 2015.]
\u00dcle\u00fcldine isamaa ajalugu I<\/strong>. Rakvere: N.\u00a0Erna, 1893, 268 lk.
Peat\u00fckk n\u00f5idusest<\/strong>. Tartu: G.\u00a0Zirk, 1911, 31 lk.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tSelected works<\/em><\/strong>
Valitud kirjat\u00f6\u00f6de kogu 1<\/strong>. Tartu. Eesti Kirjanduse Selts, 1931, 282 lk.
Valitud kirjat\u00f6\u00f6de kogu 2<\/strong>. Tartu. Eesti Kirjanduse Selts, 1926, 458 lk.
Valitud kirjat\u00f6\u00f6de kogu 3<\/strong>. Tartu. Eesti Kirjanduse Selts, 1936, 439 lk.
Valitud kirjat\u00f6\u00f6de kogu 4<\/strong>. Tartu. Eesti Kirjanduse Selts, 1927, 193 lk.
Valitud kirjat\u00f6\u00f6de kogu 5<\/strong>. Tartu. Eesti Kirjanduse Selts, 1928, 290 lk.
Valitud kirjat\u00f6\u00f6de kogu 6<\/strong>. Tartu. Eesti Kirjanduse Selts, 1929\u20131930, 345 lk.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

About Andres Saal \u00a0 Andres Saal (21.\/9. V 1861 \u2013 23. VI 1931) was an Estonian writer, journalist, photographer, cartographer and ethnographer, one of the best-known proponents of historical prose and promoters of knowledge of Estonian history in late-19th century …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":0,"parent":697,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1914","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1914","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/43"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1914"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1914\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3155,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1914\/revisions\/3155"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/697"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}