{"id":1753,"date":"2024-04-03T23:41:52","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:41:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/kitzberg\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T00:06:22","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T21:06:22","slug":"kitzberg","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/k\/kitzberg\/","title":{"rendered":"August Kitzberg"},"content":{"rendered":"

Short stories<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\"August<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Plays<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

About August Kitzberg<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

August Kitzberg (29. XII 1855 \u2013 10. X 1927) was a drama and prose writer, who also published satirical stories and verses.<\/span>
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Kitzberg spent his childhood in the southern part of Estonia in Halliste Parish located in the Mulgi dialect area (in Mulgimaa). There, he got an education from his brother, who was a teacher, and later he continued his education as a self-taught student. He also began working in Mulgimaa, moving with his brother in 1871 to P\u00f6\u00f6gle in Karksi Parish. For a long period he worked as a municipal and court clerk. Because of his lack of Russian-language knowledge, he was forced to give up the position of a parish clerk after municipality reform. In 1893, he searched for work in Viljandi, and, in 1894, he became an official at the spirits and yeast factory near Daugavpils. From 1898\u20131901, he worked as a clerk in a wagon factory in Riga. In 1901, he moved to Tartu, where he lived until the end of his life. He worked as a sales manager in the Postimees<\/em> newspaper and as a bank officer until 1920.
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Kitzberg began as a prose writer. After publishing the book Kodu-kurukesest<\/em> (\u2018\u2019Stories abot Homeplace\u2019, 1878), which was based on his childhood and where he grew up, his first sizable literary work was a story called Maimu<\/em>. In 1889, the manuscript received the Society of Estonian Men of Letters Award and was published as a book in 1892. It is a characteristic work within the waves of romantic historical prose, while still shining with its use of material from folklore.
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At the end of the nineteenth century, Kitzberg wrote his first dramas, but he was still primarily focused on writing short prose during this period. His prose collection Ilmlik J\u00f5uluraamat<\/em> (\u2018The Secular Christmas Book\u2019, 1894) was published, but many stories remained at the press and only later appeared in books once Kitzberg\u2019s K\u00fclajutud<\/em> (\u2018Village Stories\u2019, I\u2013V; 1915\u20131921) was published. In these texts, Kitzberg\u2019s style smoothly transitions from romantic to realistic. A large part of the action happens in a village milieu, often in Mulgimaa. In many cases, Kitzberg used the South Estonian language in dialogue (the Mulgi dialect), which he also used in dramatic texts. Among the most prominent works of Kitzberg\u2019s prose are the two longer and interconnected stories Veli Henn<\/em> (\u2018Henn the Brother\u2019, 1901) and Hennu veli<\/em> (\u2018Henn\u2019s Brother\u2019, 1904), which combine comical and realistic imagery, and provide colorful characters with rich language use, including a conscious game of various language registers.
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The important role of Kitzberg\u2019s dramas expanded in the twentieth century, influenced in part by a fruitful collaboration with director Karl Menning. In an earlier creative stage, Kitzberg wrote comedies (Punga Mart ja Uba-Kaarel<\/em> (\u2018Punga Mart and Uba-Kaarel\u2019, 1894), Pila-Peetri testament<\/em> (\u2018The Fool Peter\u2019s Testament\u2019, 1897), R\u00e4tsep \u00d5hk<\/em> (\u2018\u00d5hk the Tailor\u2019, 1903)), which were popular, and he continued to write them later (e.g. P\u00fcve talus<\/em> (\u2018In the P\u00fcve Farm\u2019, 1910)); however, in Tartu, the nature of his dramatic texts became more varied, and it was there that he wrote his most famous plays. The history of the Estonian professional theater began in 1906 in Tartu Vanemuine with Kitzberg\u2019s drama Tuulte p\u00f6\u00f6rises<\/em> (\u2018In the Turning of the Winds\u2019), which was brought to the stage by Menning. In this play, the complex relationships between characters are depicted with greater psychology and are tied to social issues, particularly the revolutionary events of 1905.
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Kitzberg\u2019s play Libahunt<\/em> (\u2018Werewolf\u2019, staged in 1911), became one the most well-known dramas of the twentieth century. It is the story of a love triangle, complicated by a superstitious folk background. The central character in the play, Tiina, is accused of being a freak werewolf; the widespread conservative village mentality clashes with her independent and free nature.
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Among the most famous of Kitzberg\u2019s dramas is the play Kauka Jumal<\/em> (\u2018God of Mammon\u2019, staged in 1912), a story focused on the power of money. Money or power problems are important themes in some of his other drama pieces as well (Enne kukke ja koitu<\/em> (\u2018Before the Dawn\u2019, staged 1918), Laurits<\/em> (1919)).
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Kitzberg published satirical stories and verses in the press, using aliases (Tiibuse Jaak, Tiibuse Mari, etc.). Some of these texts were also compiled in books (Tiibuse Jaak Tiibuse kirjavahetus<\/em> I\u2013II (\u2018The Correspondence of Tiibuse Jaak Tiibus\u2019, 1920\u20131923), Tiibuse Mari ajalikud laulud<\/em> (\u2018The Mortal Songs of Tiibuse Mari\u2019, 1920)). His most significant work of the 1920s were memoirs published in two volumes (\u00dche vana \u2018tuuletallaja\u2019 noorp\u00f5lve m\u00e4lestused<\/em> I-II (\u2018One Old \u201cLuftmensch\u2019s\u201d Memories of Youth\u2019, 1924\u20131925)), and it remains one of the most famous works in Estonian memoiristics.
<\/span>
<\/span>M. V. (Translated by M. M.)<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Books in Estonian<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Short stories<\/em><\/strong>
Maimu: Jutt Eesti muinasajast<\/strong>. Tartu: K. A. Hermann, 1892, 128 lk. [J\u00e4rgnevad tr\u00fckid: 1893, 1911, 1960, 1986.]
Ilmlik J\u00f5uluraamat<\/strong>. Tallinn: G. Pihlakas, 1894, 112 lk.
Weli Henn<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1915, 112 lk. \u00a0
Hennu weli<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1915, 92 lk. \u00a0
A. Kitzberg\u2019i K\u00fclajutud. III<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1915, 208 lk. [2. tr\u00fckk: Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1923, 136 lk; 3. tr\u00fckk: \u2018A. Kitzberg\u2019i k\u00fclajutud. III-IV\u2019, Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1928, 218 lk.]
A. Kitzberg\u2019i K\u00fclajutud. I<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1916, 154 lk. [2. tr\u00fckk: \u2018A. Kitzberg\u2019i k\u00fclajutud. I ja II\u2019, Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1923, 175 lk.]
A. Kitzberg\u2019i k\u00fclajutud. II<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1919, 116 lk. [2. tr\u00fckk: \u2018A. Kitzberg\u2019i k\u00fclajutud. I ja II\u2019, Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1923, 175 lk.]
A. Kitzberg\u2019i k\u00fclajutud. IV<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1920, 118 lk. [2. tr\u00fckk: \u2018A. Kitzberg\u2019i k\u00fclajutud. III-IV\u2019, Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1928, 218 lk.] \u00a0
A. Kitzberg\u2019i k\u00fclajutud. V<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1921, 147 lk. \u00a0
A. Kitzberg\u2019i lastejutud: \u00fcks vanamoodi raamat<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1925, 111 lk. \u00a0
Jutustused. Valitud teosed II<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1955, 535 lk. [2. tr\u00fckk 1956.]
Lastejutte<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1956, 29 lk. [2. tr\u00fckk: 1979.]
K\u00fclajutud<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1971, 431 lk.
Valik k\u00fclajutte<\/strong>. Koostanud Ants J\u00e4rv. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1983, 184 lk.
K\u00fclajutud<\/strong>. Koostanud Ants J\u00e4rv. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 2002, 520 lk.<\/span><\/p>\n

Plays (first editions)<\/em><\/strong>
Punga-Mart ja Uba-Kaarel: Viiej\u00e4rguline n\u00e4item\u00e4ng rahva elust<\/strong>. Viljandi: 1894, 56 lk.
Pila-Peetri testament: N\u00e4item\u00e4ng kahes waatuses<\/strong>. Tartu: K. S\u00f6\u00f6t, 1897, 48 lk.
Wana wanaga ja noor noorega ehk igale potile kohane kaas: Nali \u00fches waatuses<\/strong>. Tartu: K. S\u00f6\u00f6t, 1897, 38 lk.
R\u00e4ttsepp \u00d5hk: Wiiej\u00e4rguline n\u00e4item\u00e4ng rahwa elust<\/strong>. Tartu: 1903, 88 lk.
Tuulte p\u00f6\u00f6rises: draama wiies waatuses<\/strong>. Tartu: 1906, 128 lk.
P\u00fcwe talus: K\u00fclaelupilt wiies waatuses<\/strong>. Viljandi: H. Leoke, 1910, 111 lk.
Kawal-Ants ja Wanapagan: Muinaslooline naljam\u00e4ng wiies waatuses<\/strong>. Viljandi: H. Leoke, 1912, 80 lk. \u00a0
Libahunt: Draama wiies waatuses<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1912, 109 lk.
Kosjas\u00f5it: Jant kolmes vaatuses, laulu ja tantsuga<\/strong>. Tartu: 1915, 54 lk.
Kauka Jumal: Rahwat\u00fckk 5 waatuses (6 pildis)<\/strong>. Tartu: 1915, 99 lk.
Enne kukke ja koitu<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1919, 95 lk.
Laurits: kolmevaatusline n\u00e4idend<\/strong>. Tallinn: Varrak, 1919, 79 lk.
Onu Zipul: nali \u00fches vaatuses<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1922, 24 lk. \u00a0
Neetud talu: kom\u00f6\u00f6dia neljas vaatuses<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1923, 80 lk.
A. Kitzberg\u2019i lasten\u00e4idendid<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1928, 352 lk. \u00a0
N\u00e4idendid. II<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1937, 269 lk. \u00a0
Valitud n\u00e4idendid<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Kirjastus, 1943, 308 lk. \u00a0
Valitud n\u00e4idendid. Enne kukke ja koitu; Libahunt; Kauka jumal; Laurits<\/strong>. Tallinn: Ilukirjandus ja Kunst, 1949, 318 lk. \u00a0
N\u00e4idendid. Valitud teosed I<\/strong>. Tallinn: Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1955, 703 lk.
Kuri kuningat\u00fctar: valimik lasten\u00e4idendeid<\/strong>. Koostanud Edvin Hiedel. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1986, 152 lk. <\/span><\/p>\n

Non-fiction<\/em> <\/strong>
Kodu-kurukesest: M\u00f5nda ilusalt isamaalt: P\u00f6\u00f6gle lastepidu m\u00e4lestuseks aastal 1878<\/strong>. Tartu: 1878, 44 lk.
Tiibuse Jaak Tiibuse kirjawahetus<\/strong>. Kogunud ja w\u00e4ljaannud A. Kitzberg. Tallinn: 1920, 168 lk. \u00a0
Tiibuse Jaak Tiibuse kirjawahetus. II<\/strong>. Kogunud ja w\u00e4ljaannud A. Kitzberg. Tallinn: Tallinna Eesti Kirjastus-\u00dchisus, 1923, 299 lk. \u00a0
\u00dche vana \u201ctuuletallaja\u201d noorp\u00f5lve m\u00e4lestused. I<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1924, 174 lk. [J\u00e4rgnevad tr\u00fckid: 1936, 1957, 1973, 2010.]
\u00dche vana \u201ctuuletallaja\u201d noorp\u00f5lve m\u00e4lestused. II<\/strong>. Tartu: Noor-Eesti, 1925, 176 lk. [J\u00e4rgnevad tr\u00fckid: 1957, 1973, 2010.]<\/span><\/p>\n

Poems<\/em><\/strong>
Tiibuse Mari ajalikud laulud. Kogunud ja p\u00fchendanud Marie Underile, Henrik Wisnapuule ja Arthur Adsonile, kes minnu luuletama on \u00f5rritanu, Mari Tiibus<\/strong>. Tallinn: Tallinna Eesti Kirjastus-\u00dchisus, 1920, 32 lk.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Short stories Plays About August Kitzberg August Kitzberg (29. XII 1855 \u2013 10. X 1927) was a drama and prose writer, who also published satirical stories and verses.\u00a0Kitzberg spent his childhood in the southern part of Estonia in Halliste Parish …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":0,"parent":498,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1753","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1753","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/43"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1753"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1753\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3324,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1753\/revisions\/3324"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/498"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}