{"id":1594,"date":"2024-04-03T23:41:36","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:41:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/willmann\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T00:06:47","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T21:06:47","slug":"willmann","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/w\/willmann\/","title":{"rendered":"Friedrich Wilhelm von Willmann"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\tWorks<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

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\n\tFriedrich Wilhelm von Willmann (13. \/ 2. VI 1746 \u2013 1. II \/ 20. I 1819) was a Baltic-German clergyman and literary figure, influenced by the Enlightenment, known for his book of prose Juttud ja teggud<\/em> (\u2018Stories and Acts\u2019, 1782).<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tWillmann was born on the Di\u017egramzda (Gross-Gramsden) estate in Courland. His father was a German architect working for the tzarist government, his mother hailed from Sweden. The following year the family moved to Riga, where Willmann grew up. He studied theology at the universities of G\u00f6ttingen (1766-1768) and K\u00f6nigsberg (1768-1769). In K\u00f6nigsberg Willmann attended lectures by Immanuel Kant; one of his classmates was J.M.R. Lenz. After finishing his studies he worked as a tutor for some time. From 1772 to 1802 he was the assistant pastor and pastor of Karja church on Saaremaa, after which he gave up clerical activity. For his literary work, in 1790 he was awarded a noble title by Emperor Joseph II of Austria. From 1805 to 1810 he lived at Kuressaare. He died at Karja and is buried in the churchyard there.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tWillmann\u2019s Juttud ja teggud<\/em> is regarded as the first preserved secular book of prose in Estonian. Johann Martin Hehn\u2019s slightly earlier work in South Estonian, Jutto Nink Moistu K\u00f6nne<\/em> (\u2018Stories and Parables\u2019, Tartu 1778) is not known to have survived in any copy. The first known piece of secular Estonian prose is also in South Estonian, and appeared in Adrian Virginius\u2019 \u2018Handbook in the Tartu Language\u2019 (Tarto-Ma Kele K\u00e4ssi-Ramat<\/em>, 1690-1691).<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tWillmann\u2019s Juttud ja teggud<\/em> is to a large extent a translation of the work Jaukas Pasakkas un Stahsti<\/em> (\u2018Pleasant Parables and Stories\u2019, 1766) by the founder of Latvian secular literature Gotthard Friedrich Stender. Stender in turn used highly diverse authors and works as the sources of his tales \u2013 Aesop, Petronius, Martin Luther, Voltaire, chivalric romances, possibly even the Decameron<\/em> and the \u20181001 Nights\u2019 and many more. The tales were followed by practical and didactic lessons for peasants. For his part, Willmann added proverbs and riddles taken from Anton Thor Helle\u2019s grammar.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tWillmann championed the Saaremaa dialect, which he used in writing Juttud ja teggud<\/em>. For the third and fourth editions of the work the title became Juttud ja Moistatussed<\/em> (\u2018Stories and Riddles\u2019), and they were heavily edited. Willman\u2019s Saaremaa dialect was altered against Willmann\u2019s wishes into that of Tallinn, and some of the stories were replaced with new ones; the words of instruction following the stories were also changed, as a result of which the tone of the whole book was more Pietistic than the first edition. The editor is not named in the newer editions; according to the literary historian Aarne Vinkel it was Otto Reinhold von Holtz. For a long period Willmann\u2019s book was known by its third and fourth editions; only in 1953 did the literary scholar Otto Webermann find a first edition in the G\u00f6ttingen university library.
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Although linguistically Juttud ja teggud<\/em> has been deemed inferior to other works by contemporary German Enlightenment literary figures, this book proved very popular among the people. Proof of this are the numerous reprints, and the fact that a third of the Juttud ja Teggud<\/em> became folklore. Among other things, it was Willmann\u2019s book which popularized the word seltsimees<\/em> (\u2018comrade\u2019) in the Estonian language.<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tWillmann also wrote a spiritual work, Ellamisse-Juhhataja<\/em> (\u2018Guide to Living\u2019, 1793). Of his written works in German, the best known is a handbook to beekeeping, Anleitung zur Bienenzucht f\u00fcr Lief-, Ehst- und Curland<\/em> (\u2018Handbook of Beekeeping for Livonia, Estonia and Courland\u2019, Mitau\/Jelgava 1787).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

S. V. (Translated by C. M.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Books in Estonian<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Juttud ja teggud<\/strong>, kui ka Monningad \u00d6ppetused mis majapiddamisse p\u00e4rrast tarwis l\u00e4htwad. Eestima-rahwale heaks on \u00fcllespannud, Reedik Willem Willmann, \u00d6ppetaia Karja Kirriko peale, Saaremaale = Fabeln Erz\u00e4hlungen zur Verbeszerung des Wizzes und Sitten der Ehsten, nebst einem Anhang von oeconomischen Regeln \u2026. Tallinn: 1782, 12+227 lk. [K\u00e4ttesaadav: http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10062\/3654. J\u00e4rgnevad v\u00e4ljaanded: 1787, 1804 (\u2018Juttud ja Moistatussed kui ka monned \u00f6ppetussed maja piddamisse p\u00e4rrast\u2026\u2019), 1838 (\u2018Juttud ja Moistatussed ning ka monned \u00f6ppetussed maia piddamisse-p\u00e4rrast\u2026\u2019), 1975 (Loomingu Raamatukogu), 1975 (Rooma: Maarjamaa).]
Ellamisse-Juhhataja<\/strong>. Ma rahwale heaks \u00fcllespantud Sest \u00d6ppetaiast Fr. Wilh. von Willmann = Christliches Sitten-B\u00fcchlein, als Lesebuch in den Schulen, dem Ehstnischen Landvolke gewidmet \u2026. Tallinn: 1793, 100 lk. [2. tr\u00fckk: 1804.]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Works \u00a0 Friedrich Wilhelm von Willmann (13. \/ 2. VI 1746 \u2013 1. II \/ 20. I 1819) was a Baltic-German clergyman and literary figure, influenced by the Enlightenment, known for his book of prose Juttud ja teggud (\u2018Stories and …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":0,"parent":746,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1594","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1594","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/43"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1594"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3475,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1594\/revisions\/3475"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/746"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}