{"id":1240,"date":"2024-04-03T23:41:01","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:41:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/kuhlbars\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T00:07:47","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T21:07:47","slug":"kuhlbars","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/k\/kuhlbars\/","title":{"rendered":"Friedrich Kuhlbars"},"content":{"rendered":"

Poems<\/strong><\/a>\"Friedrich<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Friedrich Kuhlbahrs (17. VIII 1843 \u2013 28. I 1924) was a poet, one of the most important representatives of 19th-century Estonian national romantic lyrics and early children\u2019s poetry. Some of his poems are still well known today as lyrics for choirs and popular songs. <\/span>
\u00a0<\/span>
Friedrich Karl Johann Kuhlbars was born in the Sangaste parish (kihelkond<\/em>) of Tartu County, educated at schools in Tartu, and trained as a teacher at Tartu German Pedagogical College from 1859\u20131861. For 33 years (1862\u20131895) he worked at the German language primary school for boys in Viljandi, first as a teacher and then as headmaster. He was a respected educator under whose tutelage a succession of Estonian public figures and writers got their education and Estonian national mindset. As tsarist russification policies intensified, he had to leave his job in 1895. Kuhlbars spent the latter period of his life as an independent man of letters, devoting himself to the study of ancient Estonian heroes and place names while continuing to write poetry. He died in Viljandi in 1924. <\/span>
\u00a0<\/span>
Kuhlbars\u2019 interest in literature developed early. While studying in Tartu he read in German the works of authors from Germany and other countries. His own work with its ancient romantic tinge was for the most part influenced by German late romantic poetry and classical literature. In addition to this, the works of two great Estonian predecessors played a defining role: the mythical fairytales in German of Friedrich Robert Faehlmann and the epic poem Kalevipoeg<\/em> by Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald. \u00a0<\/span>
\u00a0<\/span>
Kuhlbars\u2019 earlier works, published in the 1860s\u201370s, are of greater literary and cultural import. Although his debut collection in the South-Estonian dialect, Vastse laulo ja kannel<\/em> (\u2018New Songs and a Harp\u2019, 1863), was undeservedly overlooked, his next two collections (of songs published with musical notation and lyrics) drew popular acclaim. These were Laulik koolis ja kodus<\/em> (\u2018A Song Book for School and Home\u2019, 1868) and Vanemuine ehk neljakordne laulul\u00f5ng<\/em> (\u2018Vanemuine or Four-Ply Song Yarn\u2019, 1870). Both works, especially the latter, contain Kuhlbars\u2019 best known song lyrics, including the popular Vanemuine<\/em> (with its opening line \u201cKui Kungla rahvas kuldsel a\u2019al<\/em>\u201d \/ \u201cWhen the Kungla folk of the golden age\u201d). For some time after 1870 his work tended to appear in the press and in thematic albums, and he was gradually overshadowed by other poets who had emerged at the time of national awakening. He compiled and published collections of songs for school children in separate volumes, one of them in Russian. He also wrote and published two collections of poems in German. In his later years, he compiled a sizeable volume of selected poems, Luuletused<\/em> (\u2018Poems\u2019), consisting primarily of poems which had not appeared in earlier collections. It was published in 1922\u20131924 under the pseudonym Villi Andi, which Kuhlbars had used earlier. <\/span>
\u00a0<\/span>
A large part of Kuhlbars\u2019 poetry is songlike, many texts having been written with particular melodies (initially mostly German) in mind. These texts are pleasing to the ear, flowing, and for the most part simple in form. He also has other more prose-like poems, which are more complex in expression and more diverse in form. The tone of Kuhlbars\u2019 poetry is predominantly optimistic, even celebratory, expressive of the moods of the rise of the national awakening. One thematically distinctive set consists of mythology-inspired patriotic songs, with motifs derived from the ancient times of freedom and heroes. Other recurrent themes are home, homesickness, nature and love; in the case of the latter, Kuhlbars is for the most part impersonal, abstract and lofty. The best of his children\u2019s poems retain a genuinely childlike air and wording. <\/span>
\u00a0<\/span>
E. S. (Translated by M. M.-K.)<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Books in Estonian<\/p>\n

Poems<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong>
<\/span>Wastse laulo ja kannel<\/strong>. Tartu: 1863, 75 lk.
Laulik koolis ja kodus. Ued laulud \u00fche, kahe, kolme ja nelja healega ja kaanonid: noorele ja wanale, ise\u00e4ranis Eesti koolidelle<\/strong>. Tartu: 1868, 48 lk.
Wanemuine ehk Neljakordne Laulu-L\u00f5ng: laulud meeste-koorile<\/strong>. Tartu:\u00a0H. Laakmann, 1870, 28 lk.
<\/span><\/span>Laste laulik<\/span><\/strong>. Jurjev: 1899, 78 lk.
Kooli kannel: 176 \u00fche-, kahe-, kolme- ning neljah\u00e4\u00e4lelist laulu Eesti koolidele, \u00fchtlasi ka laste-aedadele ning kodulastele<\/strong>. Viljandi: 1908.
J\u00f5ulu p\u00e4hkled ja teised luuletused: noorele ning wanale<\/strong>. Viljandi: H. Leoke, 1910, 54 lk.
Villi Andi, Kannel ning m\u00f5\u00f5k. Luuletused Eesti elus \u00fclit\u00e4htsa 1919. a. m\u00e4lestuseks<\/strong>. Viljandi: 1919, 16 lk.
Villi Andi, Luuletused. Esimene osa ehk Perekonna-raamat<\/strong>. Tallinn: Rahva\u00fclikool, 1922, 112 lk.
Villi Andi, Luuletused. II osa: Isamaa-raamat<\/strong>. Tallinn: Rahva\u00fclikool, 1923, 112 lk.
Villi Andi, Luuletused. III-IV osa: S\u00f5ja- ning Rahu-raamat<\/strong>. Tallinn: Rahva\u00fclikool, 1924, 74 lk.
<\/span><\/p>\n

Non-fiction<\/em><\/strong>
Villi Andi, Kes on Kalevipoeg, Suur-T\u00f5ll ja nende kaastegelased?<\/strong>. Viljandi: H. Leoke, 1911.
<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Poems Friedrich Kuhlbahrs (17. VIII 1843 \u2013 28. I 1924) was a poet, one of the most important representatives of 19th-century Estonian national romantic lyrics and early children\u2019s poetry. Some of his poems are still well known today as lyrics …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":0,"parent":498,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1240","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/43"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1240"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1240\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3831,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1240\/revisions\/3831"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/498"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/ewod\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}