{"id":4,"date":"2024-04-03T23:06:49","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T20:06:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/evidolemus\/markamine\/"},"modified":"2024-04-17T09:43:09","modified_gmt":"2024-04-17T06:43:09","slug":"markamine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/evidolemus\/markamine\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e4rkamine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>EV m\u00e4rkamise all m\u00f5eldakse, et keegi millalgi paneb t\u00e4hele, et lapse areng ei kulge p\u00e4ris ootusp\u00e4raselt. Siin on olulised k\u00fcsimused, mida t\u00e4psemalt peaks m\u00e4rkama, kes peaks m\u00e4rkama ja millal peaks laste arenguerisusi m\u00e4rkama?<\/p>\n<h3>Mida m\u00e4rgatakse?<\/h3>\n<p>M\u00e4rgatakse k\u00f5rvalekaldeid ootusp\u00e4rasest ehk eakohasest arengust. K\u00f5rvalekalded ilmnevad selles, et laps ei omanda oskusi nii nagu teised v\u00f5i lapse k\u00e4itumine erineb oluliselt eakaaslaste omast.<\/p>\n<h3>Kes m\u00e4rkavad?<\/h3>\n<p>Lapse arenguerinevusi m\u00e4rkavad t\u00e4iskasvanud, kes lapsega tegelevad.<\/p>\n<p>Meil, nagu teisteski t\u00e4nap\u00e4eva arenenud \u00fchiskondades, j\u00e4lgitakse lapse arengut juba enne s\u00fcndi ning t\u00f5sisemaid k\u00f5rvalekaldeid v\u00f5ivad m\u00e4rgata s\u00fcnnieelse kontrolli ja diagnostika k\u00e4igus<strong> naistearstid (koost\u00f6\u00f6s teiste spetsialistidega) <\/strong>ning vahetult s\u00fcnnituse j\u00e4rgselt <strong>\u00e4mmaemandad<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Edasises arengus on lapsel k\u00f5ige tihedam kokkupuude oma<strong> vanematega<\/strong>, mist\u00f5ttu on loogiline eeldada, et just vanemad panevad t\u00e4hele, kui arengus esineb mingeid k\u00f5rvalekaldeid. Tegelikult on aga p\u00e4ris sagedased need olukorrad, kus lapsevanem ei ole see, kes lapse arenguerisusi on m\u00e4rganud.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e161cd45c02-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e161cd45c02-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e161cd45c02-collapse\">Mida arvad Sina? Mis v\u00f5ivad olla need p\u00f5hjused, miks lapsevanem ei pruugi olla oma lapse arenguerisuste m\u00e4rkaja, kuigi ta veedab lapsega koos v\u00e4ga palju aega?<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e161cd45c02-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e161cd45c02-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"> Esiteks ei pruugi olla vanematel piisavat ettevalmistust selle kohta, kuidas laste areng peaks kulgema ja lapsevanemad ei tea, millised oskused ja kuna peaksid ilmnema v\u00f5i milliste m\u00e4rkide j\u00e4rgi otsustada, et tegemist v\u00f5ib olla mingi probleemiga. Teiseks on vanemad oma lapsega emotsionaalselt seotud ja nad ei pruugi olla ps\u00fchholoogiliselt valmis aktsepteerima v\u00f5imalust, et nende lapsega pole k\u00f5ik p\u00e4ris korras. Lapsevanemaks saades on ju inimlik eeldada, et minu lapsega on k\u00f5ik korras ja t\u00f5rjuda infot sellest, et midagi v\u00f5ib minna viltu.<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p>Lastega puutuvad kokku veel<strong> perearstid<\/strong>, kes kontrollivad regulaarselt laste tervist. Need on spetsialistid, kelle v\u00e4lja\u00f5pe sisaldab teadmisi normaalse arengu ning ka v\u00f5imalike k\u00f5rvalekallete kohta.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e161cd45c08-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e161cd45c08-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e161cd45c08-collapse\">Mida arvad Sina? Milliseid k\u00f5rvalekaldeid arengus v\u00f5iksid m\u00e4rgata perearstid?<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e161cd45c08-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e161cd45c08-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"> Perearstid j\u00e4lgivad esmajoones lapse tervist kuid ka uute oskuste omandamist. Kui nt lapsel ei ole m\u00f5nda olulist refleksi v\u00f5i refleksid ei kustu \u00f5igeaegselt, siis seda m\u00e4rkab suure t\u00f5en\u00e4osusega just perearst. Samuti saavad perearstid tuvastada probleeme oluliste motoorsete ja sotsiaalsete oskuste kujunemises \u2013 nt pea hoidmine, pilkkontakti v\u00f5tmine, liikuvate objektide j\u00e4lgimine, keeramine, istuma hakkamine, koogamine, lalisemine, toe najal ja iseseisvalt seismine, k\u00f5ndima hakkamine jne.<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<p>K\u00f5ik lapsed j\u00f5uavad mingil hetkel ka<strong> \u00f5petajate <\/strong>vaatev\u00e4lja ning pedagoogid on need, kes peaksid m\u00e4rkama k\u00f5rvalekaldeid \u00f5ppimises ehk uute oskuste-teadmiste omandamises, milles peegeldub laias laastus kogu areng.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e161cd45c0c-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e161cd45c0c-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e161cd45c0c-collapse\">Mida arvad Sina? Mis v\u00f5ivad olla need asjaolud, mis seavad just \u00f5petajad heasse positsiooni laste arenguerisuste m\u00e4rkamisel v\u00f5rreldes nt lapsevanemate ja perearstidega?<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e161cd45c0c-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e161cd45c0c-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"> Esiteks on \u00f5petajad (erinevalt lapsevanematest) saanud hariduse, milles sisalduvad teadmised laste arengust ja \u00f5ppimisest, seega teavad nad, millised muutused ja millal arengus peaksid aset leidma. Teiseks on lasteaias v\u00f5i koolis koos palju samavanuseid lapsi, mist\u00f5ttu on suur t\u00f5en\u00e4osus, et \u00f5petajale j\u00e4\u00e4b silma laps, kes ei k\u00e4itu eakaaslastega samamoodi. Lisaks on staa\u017eikatel \u00f5petajatel lastega tegelemise kogemus aasta(k\u00fcmne)tes, mida lapsevanematel ei pruugi olla. Kolmandaks veedavad lapsed nende vaatev\u00e4ljas suure osa p\u00e4evast, mist\u00f5ttu on ka suurem t\u00f5en\u00e4osus m\u00e4rgata midagi, mis ei ole p\u00e4ris ootusp\u00e4rane (eelis v\u00f5rreldes perearstiga).<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Millal m\u00e4rgatakse?<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c4\u00e4rmiselt oluline on aeg, millal lapse arenguerisusi t\u00e4hele pannakse, sest mida varem neid m\u00e4rgatakse, seda kiiremini saab lapsele pakkuda ka spetsiifilist abi. Neuroloogiast on teada, et v\u00e4ikeste laste aju on v\u00e4ga \u201eplastiline\u201c ning seet\u00f5ttu on parim m\u00f5ju just varasel sekkumisel, mitte aga hilisemal.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e161cd45c0e-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e161cd45c0e-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e161cd45c0e-collapse\">Mida arvad Sina? Kas on mingi kindel aeg, mille jooksul peaks k\u00f5ik arenguerisused saama m\u00e4rgatud? Kui jah, siis mis aeg see oleks? Kui ei, siis p\u00f5hjenda!<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69e161cd45c0e-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e161cd45c0e-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\"> Kindlat aega arenguerisuste m\u00e4rkamiseks ei ole, kuna k\u00f5ik arenguprobleemid ei avaldu \u00fchel ja samal ajal. Nt saab s\u00fcnnihetkel m\u00e4rgata Downi s\u00fcndroomi, aga mitte kogelust.<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<div>\n<p>Kuna sekkumine on k\u00f5ige t\u00f5husam lapse varases arengus ja sekkuda saab siis, kui on teada, milles on lapse probleem ning selle teadmiseks omakorda tuleb probleemi m\u00e4rgata, peaksid k\u00f5ik lapsega kokku puutuvad spetsialistid andma endast parima, et avastada lapse probleemid v\u00f5imalikult varakult.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>EV m\u00e4rkamise all m\u00f5eldakse, et keegi millalgi paneb t\u00e4hele, et lapse areng ei kulge p\u00e4ris ootusp\u00e4raselt. Siin on olulised k\u00fcsimused, mida t\u00e4psemalt peaks m\u00e4rkama, kes peaks m\u00e4rkama ja millal peaks laste arenguerisusi m\u00e4rkama? Mida m\u00e4rgatakse? M\u00e4rgatakse k\u00f5rvalekaldeid ootusp\u00e4rasest ehk eakohasest &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/evidolemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/evidolemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/evidolemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/evidolemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/evidolemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/evidolemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":108,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/evidolemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4\/revisions\/108"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/evidolemus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}