{"id":75,"date":"2024-04-04T03:04:49","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T00:04:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/elektroonika\/34-kondensaator-ja-valgusdiood\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T03:05:53","modified_gmt":"2024-04-04T00:05:53","slug":"34-kondensaator-ja-valgusdiood","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/elektroonika\/34-kondensaator-ja-valgusdiood\/","title":{"rendered":"3.4. Kondensaator ja valgusdiood"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span data-mce-mark=\"1\">Selles loengus uurime kondensaatori laadumist ja t\u00fchjenemist voolu piirava takistiga ja ilma.\u00a0<\/span>Selleks koostame skeemi, kus on koos k\u00f5ik seni \u00f5pitud elektroonikadetailid: multimeeter, vooluallikas, l\u00fcliti, takistid, valgusdioodid ja kondensaator.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Praktilise t\u00f6\u00f6 jaoks vajad j\u00e4rgmisi vahendeid:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>multimeeter<\/li>\n<li>makettplaat<\/li>\n<li>9V patarei<\/li>\n<li>\u00fcmberl\u00fcliti<\/li>\n<li>2 valgusdioodi<\/li>\n<li>takistid<\/li>\n<li>elektrol\u00fc\u00fctkondensaator 1000 \u00b5F<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9 mb-3\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--16x9\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>Kolmandate osapoolte sisu n\u00e4gemiseks palun n\u00f5ustu k\u00fcpsistega.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Muuda n\u00f5usolekut<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span data-mce-mark=\"1\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/aqzUv_uCOn8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-mce-mark=\"1\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/aqzUv_uCOn8<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n\n<h5><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-left: 10px;margin-right: 10px\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/189\/tahtis_4.png\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" data-file_info=\"%7B%22fid%22:%2218007%22,%22view_mode%22:%22default%22,%22type%22:%22media%22%7D\">\u00a0J\u00e4ta meelde!\u00a0<\/h5>\n<p><strong>Otse vooluallikalt laadub kondensaator kiiresti, l\u00e4bi takisti aeglaselt.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-left: 10px;margin-right: 10px\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/189\/katse_0.png\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" data-file_info=\"%7B%22fid%22:%2218004%22,%22view_mode%22:%22default%22,%22type%22:%22media%22%7D\">\u00a0Tee kaasa!<\/h5>\n<p>Kodune \u00fclesanne on esitatud videos alates umbes hetkest 5:35. Asenda takistid ja tee n\u00f5utud m\u00f5\u00f5tmised.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kui suur on voolutugevus?<\/li>\n<li>Asenda takistid. Mis vahemikus muutub pinge kondensaatoril?<\/li>\n<li>Eemalda takisti R2. Mis vahemikus muutub pinge kondensaatoril?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p><div class=\"accordion mb-3\">\n        <div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69f4b03b0448e-heading\">\n            <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69f4b03b0448e-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69f4b03b0448e-collapse\">Vastus<\/button>\n        <\/h2>\n        <div id=\"accordion-69f4b03b0448e-collapse\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69f4b03b0448e-heading\">\n            <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p><strong>1. Kui suur on voolutugevus?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Kui kahel pool takistit R1= 2,2k\u2126 on pinged 9,3V ja 6,5V, siis pingelang takistil R1 on U = 9,3V \u2013 6,5V = 2,8V. Voolutugevuse saame Ohmi seadusest I = U\/R = 2,8V\/2200\u2126 = 0,00127A \u2248 <span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>1,3mA.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Edasised t\u00e4psed tulemused s\u00f5ltuvad vooluallika pingest ja kasutatavast valgusdioodist.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Asenda takistid. Mis vahemikus muutub pinge kondensaatoril?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Me ainult vahetasime jadamisi olevad takistid R1 ja R2 omavahel \u00e4ra, seep\u00e4rast peab voolutugevus I j\u00e4\u00e4ma endiseks: I\u22481,3mA. Pingelang takistil R1 U = I \u00b7 R = 0,00127A \u00b7 3900\u2126 = <span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>5V<\/strong><\/span>. Kondensaator laadub pingeni 9,3V \u2013 5V = 4,3V. Kondensaator t\u00fchjeneb 4,3V-st pingeni umbes 1,5V.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Eemalda takisti R2. Mis vahemikus muutub pinge kondensaatoril?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Kui takistit R2 ei ole, siis valgusdiood L1 ei s\u00fctti ja kondensaatori laadimisel ei ole pingejagajat. Kondensaator laadub pikapeale peaaegu vooluallika pingeni ja t\u00fchjeneb ikka ainult seni, kuni valgusdiood p\u00f5leb \u2013<span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong> umbes 1,5 voldini<\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Selles loengus uurime kondensaatori laadumist ja t\u00fchjenemist voolu piirava takistiga ja ilma.\u00a0Selleks koostame skeemi, kus on koos k\u00f5ik seni \u00f5pitud elektroonikadetailid: multimeeter, vooluallikas, l\u00fcliti, takistid, valgusdioodid ja kondensaator.\u00a0 Praktilise t\u00f6\u00f6 jaoks vajad j\u00e4rgmisi vahendeid: multimeeter makettplaat 9V patarei \u00fcmberl\u00fcliti 2 &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":93,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-75","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/elektroonika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/75","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/elektroonika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/elektroonika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/elektroonika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/93"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/elektroonika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/elektroonika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/75\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":198,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/elektroonika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/75\/revisions\/198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/elektroonika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}