{"id":6,"date":"2024-04-04T08:54:49","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T05:54:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biopohikool\/31-ois-ja-tolmlemine\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T08:56:58","modified_gmt":"2024-04-04T05:56:58","slug":"31-ois-ja-tolmlemine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biopohikool\/31-ois-ja-tolmlemine\/","title":{"rendered":"3.1. \u00d5IS JA TOLMLEMINE"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\t3.1.1. Milline on \u00f5ie ehitus?
\n<\/h4>\n

\n\t\u00d5ie osadeks on tupplehed, kroonlehed, tolmukad ja emakas, mis kinnituvad \u00f5iep\u00f5hjale.\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\"\u00d5is\"\n<\/p>\n

\n\tJoonis 5. \u00d5ie ehitus\n<\/p>\n

\n\tEmakas<\/strong>\u00a0koosneb emakasuudmest, -kaelast ja sigimikust. Sigimikus asuvad seemnealgmed.\u00a0Tolmukal<\/strong>\u00a0saab eristada tolmukapead, kus arenevad tolmuterad, ning tolmukaniiti. \u00d5ied v\u00f5ivad olla m\u00f5lemasugulised ehk liitsugulised, siis on \u00f5ies nii emakas kui tolmukas, v\u00f5i lahksugulised \u2013 \u00f5ies on kas ainult emakas (emas\u00f5is) v\u00f5i ainult tolmukad (isas\u00f5is).
\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

\n\t3.1.2. Kuidas j\u00f5uab \u00f5ietolm emakasuudmele?\u00a0
\n<\/h4>\n

\n\t\u00d5ietolmu kandumist tolmukailt emakasuudmeile nimetatakse\u00a0tolmlemiseks<\/strong>. Kui emakasuudmele langeb \u00f5ietolm samast \u00f5iest, siis toimub\u00a0isetolmlemine.<\/strong>\u00a0Kui aga emakasuudmele satub\u00a0 teise taime \u00f5ietolm, toimub\u00a0v\u00f5\u00f5rtolmlemine.\u00a0<\/strong>K\u00f5ige tavalisemad v\u00f5\u00f5rtolmlemise viisid on putuk- ja tuultolmlemine.\n<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n\t\"Tolmlemisviisid\"\n<\/p>\n

\n\tJoonis 6.\u00a0<\/strong>Tolmlemisviisid
\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

\n\t3.1.3. Mille poolest erinevad putuk- ja tuultolmlejate taimede \u00f5ied?
\n<\/h4>\n

\n\tPutuktolmlejate ja tuultolmlejate taimede \u00f5ied on v\u00e4ga erinevad.\u00a0\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n\t\t\t\t\"Teravalehine\n\t\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\t\"Karikakar\"\n\t\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tTeravalehine tamm on tuultolmleja\u00a0\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tKarikakar on putuktolmleja.\u00a0\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n\tJoonis 7.<\/strong>\u00a0Tuultolmleja ja putuktolmleja\u00a0 taimede \u00f5ied.\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

\n\tTabel 5.<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0Putuktolmlejate ja tuultolmlejate taimede \u00f5ite v\u00f5rdlus.\u00a0\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\n\t\t\t\t\t\u00d5ie omadus<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tPutuktolmlejad<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tTuultolmlejad<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tV\u00e4rvus\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tErksav\u00e4rvilised ( kollased, punased, lillad, valged)\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tRohelist v\u00e4rvi, tagasihoidlikud\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tKroonlehed\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tSuured v\u00f5i v\u00e4ikesed \u00f5ied\u00a0koondunud \u00f5isikusse\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tKroonlehed v\u00e4ikesed\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tTolmukad\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tP\u00fcstised\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tRippuvad\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tEmakasuue\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tKaetud magusa ja kleepuva nektariga\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tEmakasuue meenutab pintslit\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tL\u00f5hn\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tTugev l\u00f5hn, mis meelitab\u00a0putukaid ligi\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tL\u00f5hn puudub\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tTolmuterad\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tSuured ja kleepuvad\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tV\u00e4ikesed ja h\u00e4sti palju\n\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n\tPeale tolmlemist toimub viljastamine ning hakkavad arenema seemned. Viljastamiseks\u00a0<\/strong>nimetatakse seemneraku \u00fchinemist munarakuga. See on\u00a0suguline paljunemine.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

3.1.1. Milline on \u00f5ie ehitus? \u00d5ie osadeks on tupplehed, kroonlehed, tolmukad ja emakas, mis kinnituvad \u00f5iep\u00f5hjale.\u00a0 Joonis 5. \u00d5ie ehitus Emakas\u00a0koosneb emakasuudmest, -kaelast ja sigimikust. Sigimikus asuvad seemnealgmed.\u00a0Tolmukal\u00a0saab eristada tolmukapead, kus arenevad tolmuterad, ning tolmukaniiti. \u00d5ied v\u00f5ivad olla m\u00f5lemasugulised ehk …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":345,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biopohikool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biopohikool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biopohikool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biopohikool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/345"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biopohikool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biopohikool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":634,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biopohikool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6\/revisions\/634"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biopohikool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}